[The Efficacy of Joyful Learning on Exercise in Older Adults: The GAME Strategy].

Exercise can effectively slow aging and prevent the onset and reduce the complications of chronic diseases in the elderly. However, roughly one-third of older adults are inactive. Joyful learning is an effective method for promoting physical activity, while using games is a feasible strategy for achieving joyful learning that enables individuals to fully immerse themselves in and enjoy an activity.

Neuronal ablation of GHSR mitigates diet-induced depression and memory impairment via AMPK-autophagy signaling-mediated inflammation.

Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS), and neuroinflammation has been shown to have detrimental effects on mood and cognition. The growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), the biologically relevant receptor of the orexigenic hormone ghrelin, is primarily expressed in the brain. Our previous study showed that neuronal GHSR deletion prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity (DIO).

The effect of a bone-preserving board game program on the knowledge, attitudes and preventive behaviors of osteoporosis in older adults.

Osteoporosis predisposes to fractures, which affect the quality of life and can be life-threatening. However, the knowledge, attitudes and preventive behaviors of osteoporosis in older adults are insufficient. The aim of this paper was to develop and test the effect of a bone-preserving board game program among older adults.

Nutrient-sensing growth hormone secretagogue receptor in macrophage programming and meta-inflammation.

Objective: Obesity-associated chronic inflammation, aka meta-inflammation, is a key pathogenic driver for obesity-associated comorbidity. Growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) is known to mediate the effects of nutrient-sensing hormone ghrelin in food intake and fat deposition. We previously reported that global Ghsr ablation protects against diet-induced inflammation and insulin resistance, but the site(s) of action and mechanism are unknown.

Comparing the effectiveness of board game-based and drill-based education programs in improving Taiwanese nurses' fire safety knowledge, attitudes, and behavior: A quasi-experimental study.

Background: Fire education is currently dominated by drill-based programs, however only a limited number of participants may take part in fire drills. This gap could be addressed by the development of innovative board game-based educational programs.

Objective: This study sought to compare the effectiveness of board game-based and drill-based fire safety education programs in improving nurses' fire safety knowledge, attitudes, and behavior.

Effectiveness of a nursing board games in psychiatric nursing course for undergraduate nursing students: An experimental design.

Aim: To examine the effectiveness of a psychiatric nursing board game in an undergraduate psychiatric nursing course.

Background: Didactic teaching fails to assist students in deepening their understanding of abstract concepts in psychiatric nursing. The game-based learning of professional courses can address the demands of digital-age students, which may improve their learning outcomes.

The efficacy of a mindfulness-based exercise program in older residents of a long-term care facility in Taiwan.

Older people living in long-term care facilities remain largely inactive, and therefore promoting exercise in this population is necessary. This study evaluated the efficacy of a mindfulness-based exercise program in older residents of a long-term care facility in Taiwan. A convenience sample of 72 older residents of a long-term care facility were recruited and assigned to either an experimental group or a control group.

Ghrelin Alleviates Experimental Ulcerative Colitis in Old Mice and Modulates Colonocyte Metabolism via PPARγ Pathway.

There is a growing prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract, among the aging population. Ghrelin is a gut hormone that, in addition to controlling feeding and energy metabolism, has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects; however, the effect of ghrelin in protecting against colitis in old mice has not been assessed. Here, we subjected old female C57BL/6J mice to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for six days, then switched back to normal drinking water, administered acyl-ghrelin or vehicle control from day 3 to 13, and monitored disease activities throughout the disease course.

Prior episode of colitis impairs contextual fear memory.

Accumulating evidence has shown that intestinal inflammations in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) also drive pathological responses in organs outside the intestine, including the brain. Previous studies using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model have shown that colonic inflammation contributes to the development of anxiety- and depression-related behaviors; however, little is known about whether memory function is affected. Here, we subjected male and female C57BL/6J mice to DSS-induced colitis for 6 days, followed by Pavlovian conditioned fear (CF) tests 15 days after the start of inflammation, when local colonic inflammation has receded.

Deletion of ghrelin alters tryptophan metabolism and exacerbates experimental ulcerative colitis in aged mice.

A major component of aging is chronic, low-grade inflammation, attributable in part by impaired gut barrier function. We previously reported that deletion of ghrelin, a peptidergic hormone released mainly from the gut, exacerbates experimental muscle atrophy in aged mice. In addition, ghrelin has been shown to ameliorate colitis in experimental models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), although the role of endogenous ghrelin in host-microbe interactions is less clear.

Effectiveness of a Problem-Based Geropsychiatric Nursing Clinical Internship Program.

Clinical internships that effectively incorporate the care of older adults with mental health disorders are sparse in many countries, including Taiwan. This study investigated the effectiveness of a problem-based geropsychiatric clinical internship program for nursing students in Taiwan. We conducted a quasi-experimental study among 126 nursing students.

Differential effects of the soluble fiber inulin in reducing adiposity and altering gut microbiome in aging mice.

Inulin, a soluble dietary fiber, is thought to exert multiple beneficiary effects through promoting growth of bacteria that metabolize the fiber to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs); however, the effect and efficacy of inulin in aging subjects is unknown. This study aims to systematically evaluate the capacity of SCFAs production and host response in mice of different ages. Male C57BL/6J mice across young (5 months), middle (11 months) and old (26 months) age were subjected to a control diet for 2 weeks, followed by 6 weeks of inulin-containing diet.

Mechanistic Investigation of GHS-R Mediated Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion in Pancreatic Islets.

Ghrelin receptor, a growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R), is expressed in the pancreas. Emerging evidence indicates that GHS-R is involved in the regulation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), but the mechanism by which GHS-R regulates GSIS in the pancreas is unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of GHS-R on GSIS in detail using global mice (in vivo) and -ablated pancreatic islets (ex vivo).

Novel Role of Ghrelin Receptor in Gut Dysbiosis and Experimental Colitis in Aging.

Chronic low-grade inflammation is a hallmark of aging, which is now coined as inflamm-aging. Inflamm-aging contributes to many age-associated diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We have shown that gut hormone ghrelin, via its receptor growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R), regulates energy metabolism and inflammation in aging.

Metabolic and inflammatory functions of cannabinoid receptor type 1 are differentially modulated by adiponectin.

Background: Antagonists of cannabinoid type 1 receptor () have been shown to promote body weight loss and improve insulin sensitivity. Cannabinoids decrease adiponectin, and blocker increase adiponectin. However, the mediators of actions are not well defined.

Enterovirus board game for elementary school children: A pilot study.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of an enterovirus board game on improving knowledge of enterovirus for elementary school children in Taiwan.

Design: A pilot study with a one-group pretest-posttest design.

Sample: Using convenience sampling, 27 children were recruited from a single elementary school in Taiwan in June 2020.

Factors associated with perceived stress of clinical practice among associate degree nursing students in Taiwan.

Background: Clinical placements play an important role in helping nursing students to achieve clinical competence, but these placements can be highly challenging and stressful. It has been shown that stress can be either a trigger or aggravating factor for ill-health in general, but studies have seldom differentiated the impact of general health status on perceived stress. This study examined factors associated with perceived stress of clinical practice among nursing students with a particular focus on the effect of general health status on stress.

β Cell GHS-R Regulates Insulin Secretion and Sensitivity.

Growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) is widely known to regulate food intake and adiposity, but its role in glucose homeostasis is unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression of GHS-R in mouse pancreatic islets and its role in glycemic regulation. We used Ghsr-IRES-tauGFP mice, with Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) as a surrogate for GHS-R, to demonstrate the GFP co-localization with insulin and glucagon expression in pancreatic islets, confirming GHS-R expression in β and α cells.

GHS-R suppression in adipose tissues protects against obesity and insulin resistance by regulating adipose angiogenesis and fibrosis.

Background/objectives: Ghrelin is an orexigenic hormone that increases food intake, adiposity, and insulin resistance through its receptor Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor (GHS-R). We previously showed that ghrelin/GHS-R signaling has important roles in regulation of energy homeostasis, and global deletion of GHS-R reduces obesity and improves insulin sensitivity by increasing thermogenesis. However, it is unknown whether GHS-R regulates thermogenic activation in adipose tissues directly.

Age-dependent remodeling of gut microbiome and host serum metabolome in mice.

The interplay between microbiota and host metabolism plays an important role in health. Here, we examined the relationship between age, gut microbiome and host serum metabolites in male C57BL/6J mice. Fecal microbiome analysis of 3, 6, 18, and 28 months (M) old mice showed that the / ratio was highest in the 6M group; the decrease of in the older age groups suggests a reduced capacity of gut microflora to harvest energy from food.

Developing an assessment tool for geropsychiatric mental healthcare knowledge and attitude evaluations in clinical practice for nursing students.

Aim: To develop an instrument to investigate geropsychiatric psychological symptoms, health problem nursing knowledge (GPN-K), geropsychiatric psychological symptoms and health problem nursing attitude scale (GPN-A) in clinical practice for nursing students.

Design: Instrument development and cross-sectional study for psychometric testing.

Methods: Construct validity was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach's α.

Relocation experiences of the elderly to a long-term care facility in Taiwan: a qualitative study.

Background: Relocation to a long-term care (LTC) facility is a major life change for most elderly people. Following relocation, many elderly experience difficulties in adapting to changes in the living environment. Taiwan is increasingly becoming an "aging society" and the numbers of those who relocate from family residences to long-term residential care facilities have increased over years.

mGlu5 in GABAergic neurons modulates spontaneous and psychostimulant-induced locomotor activity.

Rationale: A role of group I metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5) in regulating spontaneous locomotion and psychostimulant-induced hyperactivity has been proposed.

Objectives: This study aims to determine if mGlu5 in GABAergic neurons regulates spontaneous or psychostimulant-induced locomotion.

Methods: We generated mice specifically lacking mGlu5 in forebrain GABAergic neuron by crossing DLX-Cre mice with mGlu5 mice to generate DLX-mGlu5 KO mice.

A Simple High Efficiency Protocol for Pancreatic Islet Isolation from Mice.

Pancreatic islets, also called the Islets of Langerhans, are a cluster of endocrine cells which produces hormones for glucose regulation and other important biological functions. The islets primarily consist of five types of hormone-secreting cells: α cells secrete glucagon, β cells secrete insulin, δ cells secrete somatostatin, ε cells secrete ghrelin, and PP cells secrete pancreatic polypeptide. Sixty to 80% of the cells in the islets are β cells, which are the most important cell population to study insulin secretion.

Ghrelin receptor in agouti-related peptide neurones regulates metabolic adaptation to calorie restriction.

Ghrelin is a gut hormone that signals to the hypothalamus to stimulate growth hormone release, increase food intake and promote fat deposition. The ghrelin receptor, also known as growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R), is highly expressed in the brain, with the highest expression in agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurones in the hypothalamus. Compelling evidence indicates that ghrelin serves as a survival hormone with respect to maintaining blood glucose and body weight during nutritional deficiencies.