Regenerative Potential Nanomedicine of Adipocyte Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Senescent Skin Tissue.

Introduction: Skin is the first-line barrier defense against infection, irradiation, and toxins, but is prone to natural aging (intrinsic aging) and environmental factors (extrinsic aging). Hence, there is an increasing urgency to explore an effective treatment for aging skin. This study was focused on testing the potential of utilizing adipocyte stem cell derived exosomal as nanomedicine to regenerate the dermal layer and counteract signs of skin aging.

Development of Stephania tetrandra S. MOORE hairy root culture process for tetrandrine production.

Tetrandrine, a bioactive active compound mainly found in the roots of Stephania tetrandra, exhibits various pharmacological properties. In vitro hairy root (HR) culture may serve as a promising solution for the extraction of tetrandrine, overcoming the limitations of natural cultivation. The present study describes the consistent production of tetrandrine from S.

Structural and Mutational Analyses of Trehalose Synthase from Reveal the Interconversion of Maltose-Trehalose Mechanism.

Trehalose synthase (TreS) catalyzes the reversible interconversion of maltose to trehalose, playing a vital role in trehalose production. Understanding the catalytic mechanism of TreS is crucial for optimizing the enzyme activity and enhancing its suitability for industrial applications. Here, we report the crystal structures of both the wild type and the E324D mutant of trehalose synthase in complex with the trehalose analogue, validoxylamine A.

High oxidative stability of a complex fish liver oil nano-capsules in response to long-term storage, and to hyperthermal and sunlight exposure.

Background: In this study, a biocompatible nano-carrying platform using chitosan (ChI) and chondroitin sulfate (ChS) was developed for the encapsulation of cobia liver oil (CBLO) to prevent its oxidation and improve its absorption. An ionic gelation method was applied to encapsulate CBLO with different weight ratios (from 1.0 to 1.

Determining the Optimal Vacuum Frying Conditions for Silver Herring () Using the Response Surface Methodology.

Vacuum frying (VF) is a selective technique for producing high-quality fried food that is mostly used on vegetables, fruits, and potato chips. It is rarely applied to the production of aquatic (especially fish) products. The purpose of this study is to explore whether VF technology can be applied to the preparation of dried silver herring products and to obtain the optimal VF conditions.

Evaluate the effect of β-cyclodextrin on the sensory and physicochemical properties of bitter gourd extract during thermal processing.

This study aims to evaluate the impact of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on the properties of the bitter gourd extract (BGE) under various heating conditions. In this work, the BGE and BGE supplemented with β-CD (0.75%) were heated at 60, 90, and 121 °C for 20 min before measuring the changes of bitterness, total saponin, polyphenol, antioxidant capacity, free amino acid, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, browning intensity, and pH.

Effect of High-Pressure Processing on the Qualities of Carrot Juice during Cold Storage.

This study examines the impact of blanching (heating at 85 °C for 60 s), high-pressure processing (HPP) (600 MPa, 3 min, 20 °C), and a combination of both blanching and HPP on the microbiological and chemical qualities, colour, and antioxidant properties of carrot juice stored at 4 °C for 15 days. In terms of microbiological quality, the total plate count (TPC), coliform bacteria, and spp. rose rapidly in the control group (untreated) as the storage time increased.

Green extraction and purification of chondroitin sulfate from jumbo squid cartilage by a novel procedure combined with enzyme, ultrasound and hollow fiber dialysis.

Unlabelled: Chondroitin sulfate (ChS) from marine sources is gaining attention. The purpose of this study was to extract ChS from jumbo squid cartilage () using ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE). An ultrasound with protease assistance, including either alcalase, papain or Protin NY100 was used to extract ChS.

Production and analysis of metabolites from solid-state fermentation of Chenopodium formosanum (Djulis) sprouts in a bioreactor.

The study utilized fresh fourth-day Chenopodium formosanum sprouts as the substrate for Rhizopus oligosporus fermentation. The resultant products showed higher antioxidant capacity than those from C. formosanum grains.

Evaluation of egg white hydrolysates on the hepatoprotective effect in vitro and in vivo.

The small molecule characteristics and nutritional value of egg white hydrolysates have been widely used. In the present study, in vitro and in vivo models were used to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of egg protein hydrolysate (EWH) by regulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes. The in vitro experiment results showed that 0.

The effect of carboxymethyl cellulose and β-cyclodextrin as debittering agents on bitterness and physicochemical properties of bitter gourd extract.

Bitter gourd extract (BGE) is rich in antioxidants and anti-diabetic components that promote good human health; however, its bitter taste makes it challenging to use in food. In this study, the effect of carboxymethyl cellulose and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on the bitterness and properties of BGE were investigated. The bitterness intensity was evaluated by the trained sensory panel, and the physicochemical properties were also determined, including viscosity, total saponin, polyphenol content, antioxidant capacity, and α-amylase inhibition activity.

High-Molecular-Weight Exopolysaccharides Production from Cultivated by Submerged Fermentation.

Truffles are known worldwide for their peculiar taste, aroma, and nutritious properties, which increase their economic value. However, due to the challenges associated with the natural cultivation of truffles, including cost and time, submerged fermentation has turned out to be a potential alternative. Therefore, in the current study, the cultivation of in submerged fermentation was executed to enhance the production of mycelial biomass, exopolysaccharides (EPSs), and intracellular polysaccharides (IPSs).

Replacing the Addition of Sulfite in Mustard Pickle Products by High-Hydrostatic-Pressure Processing to Delay Quality Deterioration during Storage.

This study aimed to assess the use of the high-hydrostatic-pressure (HHP) method (200-600 MPa, 5 min) for bleaching mustard pickle products as an alternative to the conventional method of sulfite addition. The aerobic plate count (APC) and lactic acid bacteria count (LAB) of the samples decreased with the increase in pressure, and the yeast count decreased to no detectable levels. Next, compared with the control group (no high-pressure treatment) the * (lightness), (whiteness), Δ (color difference), and texture (hardness and chewiness) of the HHP-processed samples, which increased significantly with increasing pressure, while the (redness) and (yellowness) values decreased slightly.

Ultrasound Plus Vacuum-System-Assisted Biocatalytic Synthesis of Octyl Cinnamate and Response Surface Methodology Optimization.

Cinnamic acid is one of the phenolic compounds that is isolated from cinnamon, or other natural plants, and has a wide range of physiological activities. However, the application of cinnamic acid is limited due to its poor solubility and low oral bioavailability. In this study, the feasibility of producing octyl cinnamate by ultrasonic assistance, combined with a rotary evaporation under vacuum, was studied using methyl cinnamate and octanol as the starting materials.

Extrusion puffing pretreated cereals for rapid production of high-maltose syrup.

In this study, cereals with high starch content, including brown rice, corn, and buckwheat were pretreated by extrusion. The physicochemical properties of extruded-puffed cereals obtained from different extrusion conditions were analyzed herein. The puffed extrudates exhibited lower bulk density, higher water solubility and gelatinization as compared to untreated cereals.

Quality Improvement in Mackerel Fillets Caused by Brine Salting Combined with High-Pressure Processing.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of brine salting and high-pressure processing (HPP) on the microbial inactivation and quality parameters of mackerel fillets. Mackerel fillets were immersed in 3% and 9% sodium chloride brine for 90 min at refrigerator temperature, and then treated at 300, 400, 500, and 600 MPa pressure for 5 min. The microbial counts and physicochemical qualities of the fish were examined.

Extraction, Biochemical Characterization, and Health Effects of Native and Degraded Fucoidans from .

In the current investigation, a native crude fucoidan (Ex) was extracted from , pretreated by single-screw extrusion, and two degraded fucoidans, i.e., ExAh (degradation of Ex by ascorbic acid) and ExHp (degradation of Ex by hydrogen peroxide), were obtained.

A Novel Biocompatible Herbal Extract-Loaded Hydrogel for Acne Treatment and Repair.

A novel herbal extract-loaded gel containing several biofunctional extracts, including green tea, Rosc, , and salicylic acid, was developed for acne vulgaris. These natural raw materials were blended with suitable dosages of gelatin and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to produce a biocompatible herbal gel. The physical chemistry properties of the hydrogel were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), rheometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the hydrogel showed good mechanical and morphological characteristics.

Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction and Structural Characterization of Chondroitin Sulfate Derived from Jumbo Squid Cartilage.

Chondroitin sulfate (ChS) is usually used as an oral nutraceutical supplement, and has been popular in Asia, Europe, and United States for many years. In this study, a potential and sustainable source of ChS from jumbo squid () cartilage was explored; ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was used to extract ChS from jumbo squid cartilage. The result of mass transfer coefficients based on Fick's law showed that UAE had higher mass transfer efficacy.

Chitosan-Based Anti-Oxidation Delivery Nano-Platform: Applications in the Encapsulation of DHA-Enriched Fish Oil.

Refined cobia liver oil is a nutritional supplement (CBLO) that is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as DHA and EPA; however, PUFAs are prone to oxidation. In this study, the fabrication of chitosan-TPP-encapsulated CBLO nanoparticles (CS@CBLO NPs) was achieved by a two-step method, including emulsification and the ionic gelation of chitosan with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP). The obtained nanoparticles were inspected by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and showed a positively charged surface with a z-average diameter of between 174 and 456 nm.

Physicochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Gelatin and Gelatin Hydrolysates Obtained from Extrusion-Pretreated Fish ( sp.) Scales.

Fish gelatin and its hydrolysates exhibit a variety of biological characteristics, which include antihypertensive and antioxidant properties. In this study, fish gelatins were extracted from extrusion-pretreated tilapia scales, and then subjected to analyses to determine the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of the extracted gelatins. Our findings indicate that TSG2 (preconditioned with 1.

Role and significance of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) in lignocellulose deconstruction.

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) emerged a decade ago and have been described as biomass deconstruction boosters as they play an extremely important role in unravelling the enzymatic biomass hydrolysis scheme. These are oxidative enzymes requiring partners to donate electrons during catalytic action on cellulose backbone. Commercial cellulase preparations are mostly from the robust fungal sources, hence LPMOs from fungi (AA9) have been discussed.

Effect of Oversulfation on the Composition, Structure, and In Vitro Anti-Lung Cancer Activity of Fucoidans Extracted from .

Intensive efforts have been undertaken in the fields of prevention, diagnosis, and therapy of lung cancer. Fucoidans exhibit a wide range of biological activities, which are dependent on the degree of sulfation, sulfation pattern, glycosidic branches, and molecular weight of fucoidan. The determination of oversulfation of fucoidan and its effect on anti-lung cancer activity and related signaling cascades is challenging.

Potential-induced sonoelectrochemical graphene nanosheets with vacancies as hydrogen peroxide reduction catalysts and sensors.

Defective graphene nanosheets (dGN) with 5-9, 5-8-5, and point defects were synthesised by a sonoelectrochemical method, where a potential of 4 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) was applied to drive the rapid intercalation of phosphate ions between the layers of the graphite foil as a working electrode. In addition to these vacancies, double vacancy defects were also created when the applied potential was increased to 8 V (dGN).

Optimization of Light Intensity, Temperature, and Nutrients to Enhance the Bioactive Content of Hyperforin and Rutin in St. John's Wort.

St. John's wort ( L.) is a medicinal plant that alleviates depression and other disorders due to its abundance of active ingredients.