Investigation of Parameter Sensitivity and the Physical Mechanism for the Formation of a Core-Skin-Core (CSC) Structure in Two-Stage Co-Injection Molding.

One of the main challenges in co-injection molding is how to predict the skin to core morphology accurately and then manage it properly, especially after skin material has been broken through. In this study, the formation of the Core-Skin-Core (CSC) structure and its physical mechanism in a two-stage co-injection molding has been studied based on the ASTM D638 TYPE V system by using both numerical simulation and experimental observation. Results showed that when the skin to core ratio is selected properly (say 30/70), the CSC structure can be observed clearly at central location for 30SFPP/30SFPP system.

Contralateral Neck Irradiation Can Be Omitted for Selected Lateralized Oral Cancer in Locally Advanced Stage.

(1) Background: To investigate the contralateral neck failure (cRF) rates and outcomes among patients with well-lateralized locally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with/without ipsilateral or bilateral neck adjuvant irradiation. (2) Methods: Patients with lateralized OSCC diagnosed between 2007 and 2017 were retrospectively enrolled. Patients who had undergone curative surgery with pathologically proven pT3/4 or pN0-2b without distant metastasis were included, while those with cross-midline, neck-level 1a involvement and positive extra-nodal extension (ENE) were excluded.

Sensor Fusion for Simultaneous Estimation of In-Plane Permeability and Porosity of Fiber Reinforcement in Resin Transfer Molding.

To meet the expectation of the industry, resin transfer molding (RTM) has become one of the most promising polymer processing methods to manufacture fiber-reinforced plastics (FRPs) with light weight, high strength, and multifunctional features. The permeability and porosity of fiber reinforcements are two of the primary properties that control the flow of resin in fibers and are critical to numerical simulations of RTM. In the past, various permeability measurement methods have been developed in the literature.

Retrieving Equivalent Shear Viscosity for Molten Polymers from 3-D Nonisothermal Capillary Flow Simulation.

For highly viscous polymer melts, considerable fluid temperature rises produced by viscous heating can be a disturbing factor in viscosity measurements. By scrutinizing the experimental and simulated capillary pressure losses for polymeric liquids, we demonstrate the importance of applying a viscous heating correction to the shear viscosity, so as to correct for large errors introduced by the undesirable temperature rises. Specifically, on the basis of a theoretical derivation and 3-D nonisothermal flow simulation, an approach is developed for retrieving the equivalent shear viscosity in capillary rheometry, and we show that the shear viscosity can be evaluated by using the average fluid temperature at the wall, instead of the bulk temperature, as previously assumed.

Mechanism for the reactivation of the peroxidase activity of human cyclooxygenases: investigation using phenol as a reducing cosubstrate.

It has been known for many years that the peroxidase activity of cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 (COX-1 and COX-2) can be reactivated in vitro by the presence of phenol, which serves as a reducing compound, but the underlying mechanism is still poorly understood. In the present study, we use phenol as a model compound to investigate the mechanism by which the peroxidase activity of human COXs is reactivated after each catalytic cycle. Molecular docking and quantum mechanics calculations are carried out to probe the interaction of phenol with the peroxidase site of COXs and the reactivation mechanism.

The Effect of Continuity of Care on Emergency Room Use for Diabetic Patients Varies by Disease Severity.

Background: Although many studies have reported that high-quality continuity of care (COC) is associated with improved patient outcomes for patients with diabetes, few studies have investigated whether this positive effect of COC depends on the level of diabetes severity.

Methods: A total of 3781 newly diagnosed diabetic patients selected from the 2005 National Health Insurance database were evaluated for the period 2005-2011. Generalized estimating equations combined with negative binomial estimation were used to determine the influence of COC on the overall emergency room (ER) use and diabetes mellitus (DM)-specific ER use.

Precise trajectory tracking of a piezoactuator-driven stage using an adaptive backstepping control scheme.

In this paper, an adaptive backstepping control scheme is proposed for precise trajectory tracking of a piezoactuator-driven stage. Differential equations consisting of dynamics of a linear motion system and a hysteresis function are investigated first for describing the dynamics of motion of the piezoactuator-driven stage with hysteresis behavior. Then, to identify the uncertain parameters designed in the differential equations, the Powell method of a numerical optimization technique is used.