Protein inhibitor of activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 is an oncoprotein in oral squamous cell carcinoma and related to cigarette smoking - An in vitro study.

Background/purpose: Oral cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors in Taiwan. Due to the heterogeneity of oral cancer cells, the five-year survival rate of patients is only 50%. Post-translational modifications contribute to protein diversity and directly influence cell functions.

TCI711 Supplementation Improved Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver by Modulating Gut Microbiota: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Trial.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the major problems of chronic liver disease worldwide. It not only causes damage to the liver but also engenders chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Recent studies have shown that regulating can improve NAFLD.

Effectiveness of Fish Roe, Snow Fungus, and Yeast Supplementation for Cognitive Function: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

The brain is one of the most critical organs in the human body, regulating functions such as thinking, memory, learning, and perception. Studies have indicated that fish roe, snow fungus, and yeast may have the potential to modulate cognitive, memory, and emotional functions. However, more relevant clinical research in this area still needs to be conducted.

Safety and efficacy of hyaluronic acid injectable filler in the treatment of nasolabial fold wrinkle: a randomized, double-blind, self-controlled clinical trial.

Introduction: The injectable skin fillers available for soft tissue augmentation are constantly growing, providing esthetic surgeons with more options in the treatment of scars, lines, and wrinkles. Hyaluronic acid (HA)-derived injectable fillers are ideal to reduce the appearance of nasolabial folding. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of the commercially available HA filler from Maxigen Biotech Inc.

Novel compounds of Djulis () increases collagen, antioxidants, inhibits adipogenesis.

Djulis (), is rich in nutrients and contains various bioactive components such as polyphenols and alkaloids. The new compound has a broad application prospect, including food additives, health products, drugs, etc. The purpose of this study was to find out new compounds from Djulis.

PDIA4, a new endoplasmic reticulum stress protein, modulates insulin resistance and inflammation in skeletal muscle.

Introduction: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has emerged as a key player in insulin resistance (IR) progression in skeletal muscle. Recent reports revealed that ER stress-induced the expression of protein disulfide isomerase family a member 4 (PDIA4), which may be involved in IR-related diseases. A previous study showed that metformin modulated ER stress-induced IR.

Supplementation of (TCI227) Prevented Potassium-Oxonate-Induced Hyperuricemia in Rats.

Hyperuricemia (HC) is one of the important risk factors for gout, arteriosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. Animal studies have shown that can improve microbiota and immune regulation, as well as inhibit uric acid production. However, it is not clear whether can improve HC and intestinal microbiota.

subsp. strain TCI904 reduces body weight gain, modulates immune response, improves metabolism and anxiety in high fat diet-induced obese mice.

Unlabelled: The multiple probiotic characteristics of strain TCI904 isolated in this study from natural fermented milk were investigated using a mouse model. TCI904 was identified as subsp. (LDB, a well-known lactic acid starter bacterium found in yogurt.

Double Nutri (Liposomal Encapsulation) Enhances Bioavailability of Vitamin C and Extends Its Half-Life in Plasma.

Vitamin C is an important antioxidant in the human body that plays a role in many body functions. Liposomal encapsulation is a technology commonly used in food processing and medicine. This study determines whether Double Nutri (liposomal encapsulation) increases the absorption rate for vitamin C supplementation.

PDIA4, a novel ER stress chaperone, modulates adiponectin expression and inflammation in adipose tissue.

Increasing evidence supporting a causal link between obesity and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in adipose tissue is being reported. Protein disulfide isomerase 4 (PDIA4) is a novel ER chaperone involved in the pancreatic β-cells pathogenesis in diabetes. However, the role of PDIA4 in obesity progression remains poorly understood.

High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid Inhibits IL-1β-Induced Synovial Inflammation and Macrophage Polarization through the GRP78-NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Recent evidence has suggested that synovial inflammation and macrophage polarization were involved in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Additionally, high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (HMW-HA) was often used clinically to treat OA. GRP78, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress chaperone, was suggested to contribute to the hyperplasia of synovial cells in OA.

The potential of immature poken () extract in the weight management, lipid and glucose metabolism.

Objectives: The prevalence of obesity was increasing globally, with nearly half a billion of the world's population now considered to be overweight or obese. The immature poken () was a good source of flavonoids and phenolic acids, which may exert an anti-obesity effect. However, the current efficacy in clinical trials was still unclear.

Investigation of the Synergistic Effect of Brown Sugar, Longan, Ginger, and Jujube (Brown Sugar Longan Ginger Tea) on Antioxidation and Anti-Inflammation in Models.

This research unveils the synergistic effect of brown sugar, longan, ginger, and jujube on the beneficial effects of antioxidation and anti-inflammation. Longan, ginger, and jujube are ubiquitous herbs in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and are frequently used in folk remedies. Longan and ginger have been reported to be beneficial for antioxidation, anti-inflammation, ant-obesity, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) improvements.

Growth arrest-specific 6 modulates adiponectin expression and insulin resistance in adipose tissue.

Aims/introduction: Obesity is characterized by disturbed adipocytokine expression and insulin resistance in adipocytes. Growth arrest-specific 6 (GAS6) is a gene encoding the Gas6 protein, which is expressed in fibroblasts, and its related signaling might be associated with adipose tissue inflammation, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations among Gas6, adipocytokines and insulin resistance in adipocytes.

Correction to: Gamma synuclein is a novel nicotine responsive protein in oral cancer malignancy.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01401-w.].

Gamma synuclein is a novel nicotine responsive protein in oral cancer malignancy.

Background: The mechanisms of neuronal protein γ-synuclein (SNCG) in the malignancy of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are not clear. This study tested the hypothesis that SNCG is involved in nicotine-induced malignant behaviors of OSCC. The effect of nicotine on SNCG expression and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were examined.

Macrophage phenotypes and Gas6/Axl signaling in apical lesions.

Background/purpose: Macrophages participate in the periapical inflammation with pro-inflammatory M1 cells and anti-inflammatory M2 cells. Gas6/Axl signal is the responsible pathway for the activation of M1 and polarization of M2. The aim of this study was to compare the number of CD16 M1 cells, CD206 M2 cells, and Gas6/Axl expression between apical granulomas and radicular cysts.

Cilostazol inhibits hyperglucose-induced vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction by modulating the RAGE/ERK/NF-κB signaling pathways.

Background: Increasing evidence suggests that high glucose (HG) causes abnormalities in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell function (VSMC) and contributes to atherosclerosis. Receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) has been linked to the pathogenesis of both the macrovascular and microvascular complications of diabetes. Cilostazol is used to treat diabetic vasculopathy by ameliorating HG-induced vascular dysfunction.

Axl Involved in Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Induces Macrophage Polarization.

Introduction: In this study, we examined the effect of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on macrophage polarization and the potential involvement of Axl/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling in mediating the effect of MTA.

Methods: The human monocyte cell line THP-1 was cultured with MTA solution for 1, 2, or 3 days, and the population change of M2 macrophages was analyzed by flow cytometry. Expression of M2 cytokines was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Estrogen modulates vascular smooth muscle cell function through downregulation of SIRT1.

Background: There are sex differences in the incidence and severity of cardiovascular disease. Although an estrogen-mediated vasculoprotective effect is widely accepted, clinical trial results have been conflicting and the detailed mechanisms are still unclear. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a class III histone deacetylase, may protect against vascular aging and atherosclerosis; however, the effects of estrogen on SIRT1 expression and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) behavior remain unknown.

Metformin-treated cancer cells modulate macrophage polarization through AMPK-NF-κB signaling.

Accumulating evidence is indicating metformin to possess the potential ability in preventing tumor development and suppressing cancer growth. However, the exact mechanism of its antitumorigenic effects is still not clear. We found that metformin suppressed the ability of cancer to skew macrophage toward M2 phenotype.

Cilostazol inhibits uremic toxin-induced vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction: role of Axl signaling.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality, and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction plays a pivotal role in uremic atherosclerosis. Axl signaling is involved in vascular injury and is highly expressed in VSMCs. Recent reports have shown that cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase type 3 inhibitor (PDE3), can regulate various stages of the atherosclerotic process.

Axl is a prognostic marker in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Overexpression of the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl is implicated in several diseases. The present study was conducted to determine the biologic and clinical significance of Axl in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods: The expression of Axl was examined in a panel of OSCC cell lines.