Publications by authors named "Chi Yan Leung"
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers found that the average age girls start their periods is about 14 years, but it has been getting younger over the past 100 years.
- * Different countries showed different trends, with some like China having ups and downs, while others like Japan and Singapore had a steady decline in the average age.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to determine how the timing of initial antibiotic treatment affects mortality rates in hospital patients with sepsis.
- It analyzed data from 42 studies involving nearly 191,000 patients, focusing on the correlation between antibiotic administration timing and patient outcomes.
- Results indicated that administering antibiotics within 3-6 hours of sepsis recognition significantly reduced the risk of death compared to later administration, highlighting the urgency of early treatment.
Association of Menopausal Hormone Therapy with Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
January 2023
Article Synopsis
- The study explores the link between menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) and pancreatic cancer risk by analyzing data from over 2.7 million women across 11 cohort studies.
- The overall results show no significant association between MHT use and pancreatic cancer risk, with a relative risk of 0.92, indicating no increased risk.
- However, some subgroup analyses suggest a lower risk for women using estrogen-only or combined estrogen-progestin therapies, prompting calls for more focused research on specific MHT formulations in future studies.
Article Synopsis
- Vaginal estrogen therapy for genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) requires caution due to potential contraindications, indicating the need for alternative treatments.
- The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of vaginal laser therapy versus estrogen therapy in alleviating GSM symptoms, using data from multiple clinical trials.
- Results from 6 randomized clinical trials (involving 270 women) indicated no significant difference in symptom relief between laser and estrogen therapies, suggesting both treatments might be equally effective.
Article Synopsis
- Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is commonly used for relieving menopausal symptoms, but its link to gastric cancer was unclear until this study.
- Researchers conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, analyzing 11 studies that included over 1.9 million women, which found that HRT use was associated with a 28% reduced risk of gastric cancer compared to non-users.
- The findings suggested a consistent reduction in gastric cancer risk for both estrogen-only and estrogen-progestin therapies, highlighting the need for future research to explore the mechanisms behind this association.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how marital status affects overall and specific types of mortality rates in Asian populations by analyzing data from 16 studies in the Asia Cohort Consortium from 1963 to 2015.
- The findings indicate that unmarried individuals have a higher risk of death compared to married individuals, with significant hazards for total mortality and specific causes like cardiovascular diseases and cancer.
- Results show that being single, separated, divorced, or widowed is linked to an increased mortality risk, particularly among men and younger individuals under 65.
Globally, sugary drinks are widely consumed, however, few epidemiologic studies have investigated the association between sugary drink consumption and risk of kidney and bladder cancer. We examined the association of sugary drinks with risk of kidney and bladder cancer in 73,024 participants from the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study who reported no history of cancer. Sugary drink consumption was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire at study baseline (1995-1999).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Most studies examining the associations of sugary drink consumption on colorectal cancer risk have been conducted in Western populations.
Methods: This study consisted of 74,070 participants in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study who completed a food frequency questionnaire (1995-1999). The participants were followed until December 2013 to investigate the associations between sugary drink consumption and colorectal cancer risk using Cox proportional hazards regression models.
Background: A national endoscopic screening program for gastric cancer was rolled out in Japan in 2015. We used a microsimulation model to estimate the cost-effectiveness of current screening guidelines and alternative screening strategies in Japan.
Methods: We developed a microsimulation model that simulated a virtual population corresponding to the Japanese population in risk factor profile and life expectancy.
Background: Tuberculosis is associated with increased risk of cancer. However, the impact of tuberculosis on global cancer burden is unknown.
Methods: We performed random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions of studies reporting the association between tuberculosis and cancer risks by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane library, and CINAHL from inception to 1 June 2019.
Article Synopsis
- Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been linked to a reduced risk of colorectal cancer, but its effect on survival in cancer patients is unclear, prompting this meta-analysis to evaluate the survival benefits of HRT.
- The study followed PRISMA guidelines and analyzed data from 5 cohorts of 10,013 colorectal cancer survivors to compare current and former HRT users against those who never used HRT.
- Results indicated that current HRT users had significantly lower risks of colorectal cancer-specific mortality (HR, 0.71) and overall mortality (HR, 0.74), whereas no survival benefits were observed for former HRT users.
Article Synopsis
- Dieulafoy's lesion is a rare artery-related condition found in the stomach, which can sometimes appear as a mass; this case reports one that coincided with advanced gastric cancer.
- A 57-year-old female with digestive issues underwent an endoscopy that revealed a mass which turned out to be both an intestinal cancer and a Dieulafoy's lesion after surgery and examination.
- This is a unique case that emphasizes the risk of severe gastric bleeding during procedures and the importance of recognizing such lesions in cancer patients.
Basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by the presence of multiple basal cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts, palmoplantar pits, and calcification in the falx cerebri caused by mutational inactivation of the PTCH gene. To investigate the molecular basis of BCNS in Chinese, we did a mutational analysis of the PTCH gene by performing denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography in three BCNS families. In this study, three novel mutations, two 1-bp frameshift insertions, i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF