Characteristics and prognostic analysis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in connective tissue diseases patients with interstitial lung disease: a retrospective study.

Introduction: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is a common opportunistic infection. With the wide application of glucocorticosteroids and immunosuppressants, the incidence and mortality rates of PJP in connective tissue disease (CTD) patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) are increasing.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled consecutive CTD-ILD patients with PJP in our center between January 2014 and December 2022.

Autologous P63+ lung progenitor cell transplantation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a phase 1 clinical trial.

Background: In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients, alveolar architectures are lost and gas transfer function would decline, which cannot be rescued by conventional anti-fibrotic therapy. P63+ lung basal progenitor cells are reported to have potential to repair damaged lung epithelium in animal models, which need further investigation in clinical trials.

Methods: We cloned and expanded P63+ progenitor cells from IPF patients to manufacture cell product REGEND001, which were further characterized by morphology and single-cell transcriptomic analysis.

Differences Between Patients with Probable UIP and Definite UIP on HRCT in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Real-World Cohort Study.

Both a probable usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern (p-UIP) and a definite UIP pattern (d-UIP) on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) are sufficient to establish a diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) without the need for a surgical lung biopsy, according to the 2022 IPF guidelines. However, it remains unknown whether patients with p-UIP and d-UIP have similar disease behaviors and clinical courses. We retrospectively collected clinical data of patients with IPF and divided the patients into two groups according to their HRCT patterns: a p-UIP group and a d-UIP group.

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis in patients with checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis.

Background: Checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is a relatively uncommon but potentially life-threatening immune-related adverse event (irAE). Lung biopsies have not been commonly performed for CIP patients. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis is a useful diagnostic approach for interstitial lung disease.

Prognostic analysis of concurrent Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a retrospective study.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been less deadly since the advent of corticosteroid-sparing medications. SLE patients still have a higher mortality rate than the general population. Infectious disease is reported as one of the major causes of death in patients with SLE.

Tacrolimus alleviates pulmonary fibrosis progression through inhibiting the activation and interaction of ILC2 and monocytes.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a heterogeneous group of lung diseases with different etiologies and characterized by progressive fibrosis. This disease usually causes pulmonary structural remodeling and decreased pulmonary function. The median survival of IPF patients is 2-5 years.

The Clinical Analysis of Checkpoint Inhibitor Pneumonitis with Different Severities in Lung Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Study.

Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) of immunotherapy would lead to the temporary or permanent discontinuation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Among them, checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is a potentially life-threatening irAE. This study aimed to identify the differences between patients with low-grade CIPs (grades 1-2) and high-grade CIPs (grades 3-5) and to explore the prognostic factors.

Mutations in CFAP47, a previously reported MMAF causative gene, also contribute to the respiratory defects in patients with PCD.

Background: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetic ciliopathy characterized by dysfunction of motile cilia. Currently, approximately 50 causative genes accounting for 60%-70% of all PCD cases have been identified in PCD-affected individuals, but the etiology in approximately 30%-40% of PCD cases remains unknown.

Methods: We analyzed the clinical and genetic data of two PCD individuals who were suspected of having PCD.

Risk factors associated with COVID-19 pneumonia in Chinese patients with pre-existing interstitial lung disease during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

In China, the emergence of a nationally widespread epidemic infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) has appeared within a month since December 7, 2022. To evaluate the risk factors for suffering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia due to infection with SARS-CoV-2 in different kinds of interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients with diverse immunizations, we conducted this retrospective study on 525 patients with ILDs who underwent regular follow-up in our ILD clinic. Among them, 128 ILD patients (24.

Microscopic polyangiitis initially presenting with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a case report.

Usual interstitial pneumonia is the most common type of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA)-associated interstitial lung disease, and patients may initially present with isolated pulmonary fibrosis, which often leads to a misdiagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Here, we describe a patient who developed fever of unknown origin, microscopic hematuria and renal insufficiency, who then tested positive for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) and was diagnosed with MPA after receiving antifibrotic medication for IPF (original diagnosis) for almost 10 years. The patient's symptoms were ameliorated after administration of additional glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants.

All-shot Aspirations in Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) Are Associated With Malignancy.

Aspirations without a tissue core are common in endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration procedures. However, the diagnostic value of all-shot aspirations and no-tissue-core aspirations is unclear. A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration with the description of all-shot or no-tissue-core aspirations was conducted at a tertiary hospital between January 2017 and March 2021.

Clinical spectrum of Chinese hospitalized lung cancer patients with concomitant interstitial lung disease: before and after the new era of LC treatment.

This study aimed to explore the general characteristics and spectrum of hospitalized Chinese patients suffering from lung cancer with concomitant interstitial lung disease (LC-ILD). Furthermore, we compared their features before and after the period of immunotherapy for lung cancer. A retrospective analysis of the clinical characteristics of hospitalized LC patients with definite pathological diagnoses was performed from 2014 to 2021.

Diffuse lung involvement in rheumatoid arthritis: a respiratory physician's perspective.

The lungs are one of the most common extra-articular organs involved in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which is reported to occur in up to 60% to 80% of RA patients. Respiratory complications are the second leading cause of death due to RA. Although there is a wide spectrum of RA-associated respiratory diseases, interstitial lung disease is the most common manifestation and it impacts the prognosis of RA.

Prognostic Analysis of Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in Interstitial Lung Disease Patients: A Retrospective Clinical Study.

(1) Background: The clinical characteristics and the prognostic factors of HIV-negative Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) patients (non-HIV-PJP) with interstitial lung disease (ILD) remain unclear. Our objectives were to describe the clinical characteristics and to explore the prognostic factors of non-HIV-ILD-PJP patients. (2) Methods: The enrolled patients in this retrospective study were stratified based on the presence or absence of ILD and fibrotic ILD (FILD).

Tacrolimus ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting M2 macrophage polarization via JAK2/STAT3 signaling.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic lung disease of unknown cause and characterized by excessive proliferation of fibroblasts and the irregular remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM), which ultimately cause the severe distortion of the alveolar architecture. The median survival of IPF patients is 2-5 years. IPF patients are predominantly infiltrated by M2 macrophages during the course of disease development and progression.

Severe asthma as the initial clinical manifestation of IgG4-related disease: a retrospective clinical study.

Background: Respiratory involvement is common in immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD). However, severe asthma as the initial clinical manifestation of IgG4-RD is rare and might be neglected by respiratory clinicians. We aimed to explore the clinical characteristics and prognoses of patients with immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) manifesting as severe asthma.

Myositis specific antibodies are associated with isolated anti-Ro-52 associated interstitial lung disease.

Objectives: Anti-Ro-52 antibody positivity might be associated with the presence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) among patients with autoimmune features. However, the clinical significance of isolated anti-Ro-52 positivity (i.e.

Prognosis of adult idiopathic inflammatory myopathy-associated interstitial lung disease: a retrospective study of 679 adult cases.

Objectives: Few studies have investigated the prognostic factors for idiopathic inflammatory myopathy-associated interstitial lung disease (IIM-ILD) across different clinical/serological phenotypes.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with IIM between January 2012 and December 2017.

Results: Of the 760 IIM cases registered, 679 adult cases were included in this study.

Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of Chinese dermatomyositis patients with malignancies.

Although a strong association between idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM) and malignancy has been widely reported, few studies have solely focused on the concurrence of dermatomyositis (DM) and malignancies (DM-malignancy).We conducted a retrospective analysis of 37 DM-malignancy cases among 363 DM patients admitted to our hospital between January 2012 and December 2017.(1) The mean age at DM diagnosis was higher for DM-malignancy patients than for DM-non-malignancy patients [(54.

Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PD-ligand 1(PD-L1) inhibitors-related pneumonitis in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Immune-related pneumonitis is an uncommon but potentially fatal immune-related adverse event in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients during treatment with anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Underlying emphysema, interstitial lung disease (ILD), and previous radiation therapy for lung cancer might be factors precipitating immune-related pneumonitis. The incidence of immune-related pneumonitis is reported to be higher in those treated with PD-1 inhibitors than in those treated with anti-PD-L1 inhibitors.

Progressive dyspnea and diffuse ground-glass opacities after treatment for lymphoma with rituximab-containing chemotherapy: A case report.

A 49-year-old man presented to our outpatient clinic complaining of nonproductive cough and exertional dyspnea for two months. He had been diagnosed with large B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma seven months previously, and the tumor had almost disappeared after four cycles of rituximab-containing chemotherapy. He then developed a severe dry cough, progressive dyspnea and hypoxia two weeks after the fifth cycle.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a patient with dermatomyositis-associated interstitial lung disease: A case report.

A 63-year-old man presented to our clinic complaining of cough and exertional dyspnea. He was diagnosed with dermatomyositis-associated interstitial lung disease (DM-ILD) with typical rashes, an elevated creatine kinase level and chest high-resolution computed tomography (CT) manifestations. His symptoms and lung shadows improved after treatment with corticosteroids, immunosuppressants and pirfenidone, although his serum creatine kinase level remained elevated.

[Next Steps after Negative Results Obtained by EBUS-TBNA from Patients Suspected Clinically Lung Cancer with Mediastinal Lymphnode Metastasis].

Background: Endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is well known as an important technique for diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. But a standard protocol to deal with patients who have a negative pathology result still needs to be defined. Herein, we describe the subsequent procedures of these patients in a single center.

[Endobronchial Ultrasound Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration for The Diagnosis and Genotyping of Lung Cancer].

Background: Endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) has emerged as an innovative technique for diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. But whether the procedure can provide enough tissue for the detection of gene mutations is still to be defined. Here we evaluated the efficacy of lung cancer diagnosis and gene analysis using samples obtain via EBUS-TBNA.