Assessment of nematicidal and plant growth-promoting effects of sp. JB-2 in root-knot nematode-infested soil.

Root-knot nematodes (RKN), spp., are plant-parasitic nematodes that are responsible for considerable economic losses worldwide, because of the damage they cause to numerous plant species and the inadequate biological agents available to combat them. Therefore, developing novel and eco-friendly nematicides is necessary.

Alkaloids from Piper nigrum Exhibit Antiinflammatory Activity via Activating the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway.

In the present study, ten alkaloids, namely chabamide (1), pellitorine (2), retrofractamide A (3), pyrroperine (4), isopiperolein B (5), piperamide C9:1 (8E) (6), 6,7-dehydrobrachyamide B (7), 4,5-dihydropiperine (8), dehydropipernonaline (9), and piperine (10), were isolated from the fruits of Piper nigrum. Among these, chabamide (1), pellitorine (2), retrofractamide A (3), isopiperolein B (5), and 6,7-dehydrobrachyamide B (7) exhibited significant inhibitory activity on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 cells, with IC values of 6.

Study of the UV Light Conversion of Feruloyl Amides from Portulaca oleracea and Their Inhibitory Effect on IL-6-Induced STAT3 Activation.

Two new feruloyl amides, N-cis-hibiscusamide (5) and (7'S)-N-cis-feruloylnormetanephrine (9), and eight known feruloyl amides were isolated from Portulaca oleracea L. and the geometric conversion of the ten isolated feruloyl amides by UV light was verified. The structures of the feruloyl amides were determined based on spectroscopic data and comparison with literature data.

Anti-osteoporotic and antioxidant activities of chemical constituents of the aerial parts of Ducrosia ismaelis.

A new pterocarpan glycoside, glycinol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), and a new dihydrochalcone glycoside, ismaeloside A (2), were isolated together with 13 known compounds, including several flavonoids (3-8), lignans (9-11), and phenolic compounds (12-15), from the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Ducrosia ismaelis. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated from spectroscopic data and by comparison of these data with previously published results. The anti-osteoporotic and antioxidant activities of the isolated compounds were assessed using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and reducing capacity assays.

Nematicidal and antifungal activities of annonaceous acetogenins from Annona squamosa against various plant pathogens.

The methanol extract of Annona squamosa seeds was highly active against two phytoparasitic nematodes, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Meloidogyne incognita. It efficiently suppressed plant diseases, caused by Phytophthora infestans and Puccinia recondita. Ten annonaceous acetogenins (AAs) were isolated, and their chemical structures were identified by mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data.

Anti-human rhinovirus activity of raoulic acid from Raoulia australis.

Human rhinoviruses (HRVs), members of the Picornaviridae family, are composed of over 100 different virus serotypes. Until now there is no recorded clinically effective antiviral chemotherapeutic agent for treatment of diseases caused by HRVs. Our previous study of raoulic acid tested against serotype human rhinoviruses showed anti-HRV2 (species A) and -3 (species B) activities.

Dehydro-alpha-lapachone isolated from Catalpa ovata stems: activity against plant pathogenic fungi.

The methanol extract of stems of Catalpa ovata G Don exhibits potent in vivo antifungal activity against Magnaporthe grisea (Hebert) Barr (rice blast) on rice plants, Botrytis cinerea Pers ex Fr (tomato grey mould) and Phytophthora infestans (Mont) de Bary (tomato late blight) on tomato plants, Puccinia recondita Rob ex Desm (wheat leaf rust) on wheat plants and Blumeria graminis (DC) Speer f. sp. hordei Marchal (barley powdery mildew) on barley plants.

Cochlioquinone A1, a new anti-angiogenic agent from Bipolaris zeicola.

Cochlioquinone A1 (CoA1) was newly isolated from the culture extract of Bipolaris zeicola as a potent anti-angiogenic agent. CoA1 inhibited in vitro angiogenesis of bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) such as bFGF-induced tube formation and invasion at the concentration (1 microg/mL) without cytotoxicity. Notably, CoA1 exhibited more potent inhibition activity for the growth of BAECs than that of normal and cancer cell lines investigated in this study.