Newer Insights into Prostatic Utricle in Proximal Hypospadias.

Introduction: Prostatic utricles (PUs) are the remnants of Mullerian ducts found in the male posterior urethra. Enlarged symptomatic utricles are known to be associated with hypospadias. There is a dearth of literature defining an enlarged utricle and also its clinical significance.

Comparison of clinical outcome and anal manometry following laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty and posterior sagittal anorectoplasty in patients with high and intermediate anorectal malformation: A randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: High and intermediate types of anorectal malformations (ARMs) may be managed by either open posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) or by laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty (LAARP). Most of the literature favours one approach over the other based on retrospective analysis. We performed this study with the aim to compare the short-term outcomes of both procedures.

Pediatric Colorectal Carcinoma: A Series of Seven Cases.

Introduction: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) accounts for <1% of all the neoplasms of children. Unfavorable histology and delayed diagnosis often result in poor outcome. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristic and prognosis of pediatric patients with CRC.

Catheter test: A reliable alternative to assess adequacy of bladder management in patients of PUV in developing countries.

Introduction: Following posterior urethral valve ablation, persisting bladder dysfunction can lead to lack of improvement or worsening of hydronephrosis and as well, to lack of improvement or even worsening renal function. On the other hand, managing bladder dysfunction offers the possibility of lessening both the degree of hydronephrosis and the level of serum creatinine. As we have no available urodynamics we feel impelled to find other means of diagnosing and managing abnormal bladder dynamics in these boys.

Laparoscopic Surgery in Pediatric Upper Tract Urolithiasis: An Alternate Modality.

Introduction: Incidence of pediatric urolithiasis has increased over the last few decades. Procedures such as extracorporeal short wave lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, and ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy are not widely available for pediatric age group in many developing countries. It is desirable that advantages of minimally invasive surgery be offered to selected cases with urolithiasis.

Evaluation of Risk Factors Affecting Outcome in Outborn Surgical Neonates.

Background: Mortality in surgical neonates contributes to neonatal mortality rates. The study was conceptualized to study clinical and nonclinical factors affecting mortality in surgical neonates so that timely intervention could result in improved survival of the neonates.

Materials And Methods: The study was initiated after approval from the institutional ethics committee and included 120 surgical neonates over a period of 18 months after obtaining consent from the parents/caregivers.

Renal Pelvic Cholesteatoma: An Uncommon Finding in Children.

Renal cholesteatoma or keratinizing desquamative squamous metaplasia is infrequent in adults and rare in children. We report a case of renal cholesteatoma in a 4-year-old male child who was referred to us as a case of multiple renal calculi with hydronephrosis. We also discuss his management with a review of relevant literature.

Pediatric fine-needle aspiration cytology: An audit of 266 cases of pediatric tumors with cytologic-histologic correlation.

Objectives: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), a well-accepted minimally invasive diagnostic technique utilized in adults, is gradually gaining ground for pediatric patients as well. However, there are very few comprehensive reports in the literature on utility of FNA in pre-operative diagnosis of pediatric tumors.

Material And Methods: An observational study was conducted at a cancer research center and a pediatric tertiary care hospital over a 5-year period.

Multiple magnet ingestion: An uncommon cause of peritonitis.

Foreign body ingestion is common in infants and young children and they pass spontaneously in most of the cases. Magnetic foreign bodies, though not very common, require early intervention to avoid severe gastrointestinal complications. We report a case of multiple magnet ingestion who presented with peritonitis.

Spontaneous Biliary Perforations: An Uncommon yet Important Entity in Children.

Spontaneous or idiopathic biliary perforations are an infrequently encountered but an important cause of surgical jaundice in paediatric patients and one of the most common causes of surgical jaundice in infancy. A pre-operative diagnosis with a clinical history and physical findings may not be possible in most of the cases. The exact cause of the perforation remains unclear and the diagnosis is made at the time of laparotomy for an acute abdomen.

Colorectal duplication with prostatorectal fistulae.

Tubular colonic duplications are rare malformations and its association with prostatorectal fistula is extremely rare with only one case reported to date. We report the successful management of an 8 year old child with communicating tubular colonic duplication with prostatorectal fistulae. Tubular colonic duplications may be difficult to diagnose due to varied presentations, therefore a high degree of suspicion should be present while managing children with isolated congenital recto urinary fistulas.

Urothelial polyps from anterior urethra in a prepubertal female child: a rare entity.

Urothelial polyps arising from the anterior urethra are rarely encountered in the pediatric age group and are even rarer in the females. Scarcely reported in English literature, their exact incidence is not known. They may be asymptomatic for years or present with features of urinary obstruction, mass or "vaginal" bleeding.

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the omentum: an uncommon pediatric tumor.

Inflammatory pseudotumor is an uncommon tumor with a variable natural course. We report a case of omental pseudotumor in a 6-year-old male child. The child's clinical presentation was suggestive of an omental mass, which was operated upon after investigations.