Concurrent Validity Between EQ-5D and HRQ-6D Measures in Patients with Different Primary Diagnoses.

The HRQ-6D is a newly developed instrument to measure Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and EQ-5D is the gold standard for measuring HRQOL. This study aims to test the concurrent validity between EQ-5D and HRQ-6D measures among patients with different primary diagnoses. : This cross-sectional study uses two HRQOL measurement instruments, EQ-5D-3L and HRQ-6D.

A generic and dynamic measure of health-related quality of life across a variety of health and disease conditions: insights from healthy individuals and patients with a variety of diagnoses.

Objectives: Health-Significant Quality of Life Measure (Health-SigQOLM) provides a generic and dynamic assessment of Health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study aims to assess the HRQOL among healthy and non-healthy participants with varying chronic diseases.

Results: Comparisons between healthy and non-healthy participants revealed statistically significant differences (p < 0.

Paracrine role of endothelial IGF-1 receptor in depot-specific adipose tissue adaptation in male mice.

During recent decades, changes in lifestyle have led to widespread nutritional obesity and its related complications. Remodelling adipose tissue as a therapeutic goal for obesity and its complications has attracted much attention and continues to be actively explored. The endothelium lines all blood vessels and is close to all cells, including adipocytes.

Health-Related Quality of Life with Six Domains: A Comparison of Healthcare Providers without Chronic Diseases and Participants with Chronic Diseases.

This study aims to compare the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) between healthcare providers without chronic diseases and participants with chronic diseases presenting with one of the four different primary diagnoses on the health-related quality of life with six domains (HRQ-6D) scale. This is a cross-sectional study to compare the HRQOL between healthcare providers without chronic diseases and participants with chronic diseases. Data collection was performed from May 2022 to May 2023.

Endothelial force sensing signals to parenchymal cells to regulate bile and plasma lipids.

How cardiovascular activity interacts with lipid homeostasis is incompletely understood. We postulated a role for blood flow acting at endothelium in lipid regulatory organs. Transcriptome analysis was performed on livers from mice engineered for deletion of the flow-sensing PIEZO1 channel in endothelium.

Distinct, common and synergistic effects of insulin and IGF-1 receptors on healthy murine ageing.

Objective: Reduced IGF-1 signalling is an evolutionarily conserved mediator of longevity, yet the magnitude of this effect is substantially larger in organisms retaining a common insulin and IGF-1 receptor. Whether this reflects the failure to simultaneously reduce IGF-1 and insulin signalling in mammalian model systems remains unexplored, as is the associated impact on markers of healthy ageing. We set out to address these uncertainties.

Plasma MERTK is causally associated with infection mortality.

Background: Infectious diseases are a major cause of mortality in spite of existing public health, anti-microbial and vaccine interventions. We aimed to define plasma proteomic associates of infection mortality and then apply Mendelian randomisation (MR) to yield biomarkers that may be causally associated.

Methods: We used UK Biobank plasma proteomic data to associate 2923 plasma proteins with infection mortality before 31st December 2019 (240 events in 52,520 participants).

The diabetic myocardial transcriptome reveals Erbb3 and Hspa2 as a novel biomarkers of incident heart failure.

Aims: Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases heart failure incidence and worsens prognosis, but its molecular basis is poorly defined in humans. We aimed to define the diabetic myocardial transcriptome and validate hits in their circulating protein form to define disease mechanisms and biomarkers.

Methods And Results: RNA-sequencing data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project was used to define differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in right atrial (RA) and left ventricular (LV) myocardium from people with vs.

A Complex Interplay Between Melatonin and RORβ: RORβ is Unlikely a Putative Receptor for Melatonin as Revealed by Biophysical Assays.

A nuclear retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-related orphan receptor β (RORβ) is strictly expressed in the brain, particularly in the pineal gland where melatonin is primarily synthesized and concentrated. The controversial issues regarding the direct interaction of melatonin toward ROR receptors have prompted us to investigate the potential melatonin binding sites on different ROR isoforms. We adopted computational and biophysical approaches to investigate the potential of melatonin as the ligand for RORs, in particular RORβ.

Caloric Restriction Rejuvenates Skeletal Muscle Growth in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a major clinical problem, with limited treatments. HFpEF is characterized by a distinct, but poorly understood, skeletal muscle pathology, which could offer an alternative therapeutic target. In a rat model, we identified impaired myonuclear accretion as a mechanism for low myofiber growth in HFpEF following resistance exercise.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors influence skeletal muscle pathology in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction.

Aims: Patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) exhibit skeletal muscle pathology, which contributes to symptoms and decreased quality of life. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) improve clinical outcomes in HFrEF but their mechanism of action remains poorly understood. We aimed, therefore, to determine whether SGLT2i influence skeletal muscle pathology in patients with HFrEF.

Tissue transcriptome profiling and pathway analyses revealed novel potential biomarkers in the tumor progression of canine oral melanoma.

Canine oral melanoma (COM) is an aggressive oral malignancy in dogs, mostly with metastasis. However, the understanding of total gene expression of oral melanoma (OM) at different clinical stages has been limited. The objective of this study was to identify novel mRNA biomarkers of early-stage OM (EOM) and late-stage OM (LOM).

Identification of exercise-regulated genes in mice exposed to cigarette smoke.

Cigarette smoke (CS) is the major risk factor for COPD and is linked to cardiopulmonary dysfunction. Exercise training as part of pulmonary rehabilitation is recommended for all COPD patients. It has several physiological benefits, but the mechanisms involved remain poorly defined.

Inter-ankle Systolic Blood Pressure Difference Is a Marker of Increased Fasting Blood-Glucose in Asian Pregnant Women.

Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the relationship between clinical blood pressures and blood pressures measured using Doppler with blood glucose in pregnancy by ethnicity.

Methods: We recruited 179 (52% White European, 48% Asian) pregnant women at 24-28 weeks of gestation who underwent a glucose tolerance test in an antenatal clinic in Bradford Royal Infirmary, the UK, from 2012 to 2013. Systolic blood pressures in the arm (left and right brachial) and ankle [left and right posterior tibial (PT) and dorsalis pedalis (DP)] blood pressures were measured using a Doppler probe.

Higher-order thinking word problem-solving errors made by low-performing pupils: Comparative case study across school types in Malaysia.

The achievement gaps existed among the three types of Malaysian elementary schools with different instruction mediums. Thus, this study sought to compare the types of errors made by the low-performing students from different school types in solving word problems involving higher-order thinking skills by conducting a multiple case study. The study involved 18 low-performing students from a National Primary School (NPS), National-Type Chinese Primary School (NTCPS), and National-Type Tamil Primary School (NTTPS) in Malaysia.

Disparity in association of obesity measures with ankle and brachial systolic blood pressures in Europeans and South Asians.

Obesity causes increases in brachial systolic-blood-pressures (SBP), risks of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Brachial and ankle SBPs have differential relationship with T2DM and CVD. Our objective was to study the relationship of obesity measures with brachial and ankle SBPs.

Absence of association between host genetic mutations in the ORAI1 gene and COVID-19 fatality.

The calcium ion channel ORAI1 has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for the Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19)-associated pneumonia, and a pharmacological inhibitor of ORAI1 has now reached clinical trials for severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Whether ORAI1 itself is associated with an increased risk for severe COVID-19 presentation is still unknown. Here, we employed genetic association analysis to investigate the potential association of host genetic polymorphisms of ORAI1 with the risk of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and its associated COVID-19 fatality in UK Biobank participants from white British background.

ORAI1 Ca Channel as a Therapeutic Target in Pathological Vascular Remodelling.

In the adult, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) are normally physiologically quiescent, arranged circumferentially in one or more layers within blood vessel walls. Remodelling of native VSMC to a proliferative state for vascular development, adaptation or repair is driven by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). A key effector downstream of PDGF receptors is store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) mediated through the plasma membrane calcium ion channel, ORAI1, which is activated by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium store sensor, stromal interaction molecule-1 (STIM1).

Differential associations of ankle and brachial blood pressures with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases: cross-sectional study.

Increased brachial systolic blood-pressure (BP) predicts diabetes (T2DM) but is not fully effective. Value of absolute ankle systolic BP for T2DM compared to brachial systolic BP is not known. Our objectives were to assess independent relationships of ankle-systolic BP with T2DM and cardiovascular disease in Europeans and south Asians.

Advantages of CEMiTool for gene co-expression analysis of RNA-seq data.

Gene co-expression analysis is widely applied to transcriptomics data to associate clusters of genes with biological functions or identify therapeutic targets in diseases. Recently, the emergence of high-throughput technologies for gene expression analyses allows researchers to establish connections through gene co-expression analysis to identify clinical disease markers. However, gene co-expression analysis is complex and may be a daunting task.

Unique Transcriptome Signature Distinguishes Patients With Heart Failure With Myopathy.

Background People with chronic heart failure (CHF) experience severe skeletal muscle dysfunction, characterized by mitochondrial abnormalities, which exacerbates the primary symptom of exercise intolerance. However, the molecular triggers and characteristics underlying mitochondrial abnormalities caused by CHF remain poorly understood. Methods and Results We recruited 28 patients with CHF caused by reduced ejection fraction and 9 controls.

Clinical expression and antigenic profiles of a Plasmodium vivax vaccine candidate: merozoite surface protein 7 (PvMSP-7).

Background: Vivax malaria is the predominant form of malaria outside Africa, affecting about 14 million people worldwide, with about 2.5 billion people exposed. Development of a Plasmodium vivax vaccine is a priority, and merozoite surface protein 7 (MSP-7) has been proposed as a plausible candidate.