Thrombotic Microangiopathy After Long-Lasting Treatment by Gemcitabine: Description, Evolution and Treatment of a Rare Case.

Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is an uncommon but severe complication that may occur in cancer patients under gemcitabine chemotherapy. Gemcitabine-induced thrombotic microangiopathy (G-TMA) can clinically and biologically present as atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, with activation of the complement pathway asking the question of the use of eculizumab. We describe here the case of a patient suffering from metastatic cholangiocarcinoma treated by gemcitabine for 4 years leading to the remission of the underlying neoplasia.

Psychological risk factors for the occurrence of frozen shoulder after rotator cuff repair.

Introduction: Frozen shoulder is a dreaded complication after rotator cuff repair.

Hypothesis: There are psychological determinants for this complication.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively included 77 consecutive patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair between May 2018 and April 2019.

An Infected Arterial Aneurysm and a Dog Bite: Think at !

We describe the fourth cases of arterial aneurysm consecutive to infection in a 77-year-old man. The infection occurred after a dog bite. He presented fever.

Open Trillat Procedure for Recurrent Anterior Instability of the Shoulder in Elderly Patients.

Among the many different procedures available in the treatment of shoulder instability, the Trillat procedure remains indicated in case of recurrent shoulder instability in elderly patient with an irreparable cuff tear or in case of hyperlaxity. Despite the constantly increasing number of arthroscopic assisted techniques, the open procedure remains a simple, reliable and fast surgical procedure with a shorter learning curve than the arthroscopic techniques. It consists in a partial osteotomy of the anterior cortical of the coracoid process which is then tilted and fixed with a screw into the anterior part of the scapula downwards and medially to obtain a re-centering effect due to the conjoint tendon on the humeral head when rotational movement are applied.

The "Sandwich Tenodesis": An Arthroscopic Technic for Combined Soft-Tissue and Bony Fixation of the Long Head of the Biceps.

Pathology of the long head of the biceps can contribute to substantial shoulder pain. After nonoperative treatment has failed, either open or arthroscopic tenotomy or tenodesis can be recommended depending on age, occupation, function, and cosmetic preference. While classic tenodesis techniques rely on tendon-to-bone fixation, multiple studies have shown superior healing results for fixation between similar types of tissue, such as tendon-to-tendon.

Type-II superlattices base visible/extended short-wavelength infrared photodetectors with a bandstructure-engineered photo-generated carrier extractor.

Visible/extended short-wavelength infrared photodetectors with a bandstructure-engineered photo-generated carrier extractor based on type-II InAs/AlSb/GaSb superlattices have been demonstrated. The photodetectors are designed to have a 100% cut-off wavelength of ~2.4 μm at 300K, with sensitivity down to visible wavelengths.

Bioabsorbable screws, whatever the composition, can result in symptomatic intra-osseous tibial tunnel cysts after ACL reconstruction.

Purpose: To describe the clinical results of patients who underwent surgical treatment for a intra-osseous tibial tunnel cyst on a bioabsorbable interference screw following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL).

Methods: This retrospective study included all patients who underwent surgery between 2004 and 2016 for an intra-osseous tibial tunnel cyst on bioabsorbable interference screw following ACL reconstruction. The diagnosis was suggested clinically by pretibial pain at the incision site, sometimes associated with a palpable subcutaneous nodule and then confirmed on MRI.

nBn extended short-wavelength infrared focal plane array.

An extended short-wavelength nBn InAs/GaSb/AlSb type-II superlattice-based infrared focal plane array imager was demonstrated. A newly developed InAsSb/GaSb superlattice design was used as the large-bandgap electron barrier in this photodetector. The large band gap electron-barrier design in this nBn photodetector architecture leads to the device having lower dark current densities.

A Distally Based Sartorius Muscle Flap for a Gustilo Grade-III Open Fracture of the Lateral Femoral Condyle and the Head of the Fibula with a Complex Soft-Tissue Defect: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Case: We present a case of lower-limb trauma associated with an extensive soft-tissue defect around the knee joint, which led to the exposure of bone and the metalwork that was used for the management of the associated fractures. Coverage was performed with a distally based sartorius muscle flap in a single-stage procedure, allowing good recovery with a nice aesthetic and functional outcome at the 1-year follow-up. Additionally, we discuss alternative options for the coverage of severe soft-tissue defects based on the clinical context.

Type-II superlattice-based extended short-wavelength infrared focal plane array with an AlAsSb/GaSb superlattice etch-stop layer to allow near-visible light detection.

A versatile infrared imager capable of imaging the near-visible to the extended short-wavelength infrared (e-SWIR) is demonstrated using e-SWIR InAs/GaSb/AlSb type-II superlattice-based photodiodes. A bi-layer etch-stop scheme consisting of bulk InAsSb and AlAsSb/GaSb superlattice layers is introduced for substrate removal from the hybridized back-side illuminated photodetectors. The implementation of this new technique on an e-SWIR focal plane array results in a significant enhancement in the external quantum efficiency (QE) in the 1.

Dark current reduction in microjunction-based double electron barrier type-II InAs/InAsSb superlattice long-wavelength infrared photodetectors.

Microjunction InAs/InAsSb type-II superlattice-based long-wavelength infrared photodetectors with reduced dark current density were demonstrated. A double electron barrier design was employed to reduce both bulk and surface dark currents. The photodetectors exhibited low surface leakage after passivation with SiO, allowing the use of very small size features without degradation of the dark current.

Bias-selectable nBn dual-band long-/very long-wavelength infrared photodetectors based on InAs/InAsSb/AlAsSb type-II superlattices.

Type-II superlattices (T2SLs) are a class of artificial semiconductors that have demonstrated themselves as a viable candidate to compete with the state-of-the-art mercury-cadmium-telluride material system in the field of infrared detection and imaging. Within type-II superlattices, InAs/InAsSb T2SLs have been shown to have a significantly longer minority carrier lifetime. However, demonstration of high-performance dual-band photodetectors based on InAs/InAsSb T2SLs in the long and very long wavelength infrared (LWIR & VLWIR) regimes remains challenging.

Demonstration of type-II superlattice MWIR minority carrier unipolar imager for high operation temperature application.

An InAs/GaSb type-II superlattice-based mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) 320×256 unipolar focal plane array (FPA) using pMp architecture exhibited excellent infrared image from 81 to 150 K and ∼98% operability, which illustrated the possibility for high operation temperature application. At 150 K and -50  mV operation bias, the 27 μm pixels exhibited dark current density to be 1.2×10(-5)  A/cm(2), with 50% cutoff wavelength of 4.

Optimization of a photopolymerizable material based on a photocyclic initiating system using holographic recording.

A set of photoinitiating systems (PIS) for free radical photopolymerization was studied using time-resolved spectroscopic experiments, real-time FTIR and holographic recording. It is shown that the efficiency of the photoinitiating system can be drastically increased when a redox additive is added to the conventional dye/coinitiator system by virtue of photocyclic behaviour. The homogeneous photopolymerization process was found to reach a fast vitrification, limiting the conversion at about 55%.

Band-edge-induced Bragg diffraction in two-dimensional photonic crystals.

Two-dimensional photonic crystals composed of two orthogonal volume diffraction gratings have been photogenerated in photopolymers. When the read beam is set at the Bragg angle, the diffraction efficiency of the transmission grating is strongly enhanced at the band edge of the reflection grating recorded in the material. Such a device provides Bragg operation and enhancement of the diffraction efficiency of the thin diffraction grating together with good wavelength selectivity.

Multiplexed holographic transmission gratings recorded in holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystals: static and dynamic studies.

The optimization of the experimental parameters of two multiplexed holographic transmission gratings recorded in holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystals is investigated. Two methods are used to record the holograms: simultaneous and sequential multiplexing. These two processes are optimized to produce two multiplexed Bragg gratings that have the same and the highest possible diffraction efficiencies in the first order.

Chirped switchable reflection grating in holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal for spectral flattening in free-space optical communication systems.

We report the design and fabrication of a chirped switchable reflective grating (CSRG) recorded in a holographic polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal material. This CSRG is a spatial wavelength-selective flattener in a free-space dynamic gain equalizer for use in wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) networks. Prelimenary experimental results show that this device permits the management of the spectral power of a WDM stream with an attenuation range of 6 dB.

Study of the dynamic formation of transmission gratings recorded in photopolymers and holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystals.

Local and nonlocal models for the diffusion of photopolymers are applied to the dynamic formation of transmission gratings recorded in photopolymers and holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (H-PDLCs). We retrieve the main parameters of H-PDLCs (refractive-index modulation and diffusion coefficient) by combining a solution of the one-dimensional diffusion equation and the rigorous coupled-wave theory applied to transmission gratings. The rigorous coupled-wave theory method provides us with information on higher harmonics of the refractive profile (not only on the first harmonic as when the classical Kogelnik theory is applied).

64-channel correlator implementing a Kohonen-like neural network for handwritten-digit recognition.

We present an optical implementation of an improved version of the Kohonen map neural network applied to the recognition of handwritten digits taken from a postal code database. Improvements result from the introduction of supervision during the learning stage, a technique that also simplifies the map layer labeling. The experimental implementation is based on a frequency-multiplexed raster computer-generated hologram used to realize the required N(4) interconnection.

Two methods of reducing the dynamic range of a holographic filter.

Two methods of reducing the dynamic range of the transmittance of computer-generated interconnection holograms are presented and compared. The holograms are used in an optical implementation of an associative memory to connect the input and the output planes but are representative of more generalN(4) interconnection holograms. Because the holograms play a double correlation-reconstruction role, the standard spectrum-smoothing techniques (e.

Frequency multiplexed raster neural networks. 1: Theory.

In the first part of this paper we present frequency multiplexed raster (FMR) optical implementation of neural networks. A hidden difficulty for hardware (optical and electronic) implementation is that the dimension of the synaptic matrix is twice that of the input and output matrices or vectors. For 2-D images, which is we believe one of the greatest potentialities of neural networks, the synaptic matrix is 4-D and cannot be directly implemented in optics.

[Spinal biomechanics and the sitting position].

Our study was conducted in two stages. In a first stage, elaboration of a reliable biomechanical model for the lumbar spine, permitting to calculate for each lumbar level, for a definite posture and a given patient, the normal and tangential forces as well as the overall stresses applied to the disc, and represented by the intradiscal pressure of the nucleus pulposus and the overall stresses in the annulus fibers. This biomechanical model was constructed with the help of radiographs and formulas of forces and moments balance in comparison with a reference axis system.