Immune recovery of middle-aged HIV patients following antiretroviral therapy: An observational cohort study.

In HIV-infected persons, age is negatively associated with optimal CD4 recovery following antiretroviral therapy. Our understanding of the situation in older adults, especially the middle-aged is, however, limited. We undertook to examine the latter's pattern of CD4/CD8 recovery following antiretroviral therapy.

International multi-site survey on the use of online support groups in bipolar disorder.

Background: Peer support is an established component of recovery from bipolar disorder, and online support groups may offer opportunities to expand the use of peer support at the patient's convenience. Prior research in bipolar disorder has reported value from online support groups.

Aims: To understand the use of online support groups by patients with bipolar disorder as part of a larger project about information seeking.

Robot-Assisted Training for People With Spinal Cord Injury: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To investigate the effects of robot-assisted training on the recovery of people with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Data Sources: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs involving people with SCI that compared robot-assisted upper limbs or lower limbs training with a control of other treatment approach or no treatment. We included studies involving people with complete or incomplete SCIs.

Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Bendamustine Rapid-Infusion Formulation.

Bendamustine hydrochloride (BDM) is approved in the United States to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia and relapsed indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The first formulation marketed in the United States (original BDM) was a lyophilized product requiring reconstitution prior to dilution to the final admixture. A liquid formulation of BDM was subsequently introduced that did not require reconstitution before dilution.

Race and Obesity in Adolescent Hypertension.

Background And Objectives: The overall prevalence of essential hypertension in adolescents may be growing. Differences in blood pressure (BP) are well established in adults, but are less clear in adolescents. We hypothesize that the prevalence of hypertension differs by race/ethnicity among adolescents at school-based screenings.

The Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Cognitive Functioning in Older Hispanic/Latino Adults Enrolled in an Exercise Intervention: Results From the "¡Caminemos!" Study.

Objective: We examined the association between depressive symptoms and cognitive functioning in older Hispanics/Latinos enrolled in an exercise intervention.

Method: We analyzed baseline, 1-year, and 2-year in-person interview data collected from Hispanics/Latinos aged ≥60 years participating in an exercise intervention across 27 senior centers ( N = 572).

Results: Mean age was 73.

Following Instructions in Patients With Schizophrenia: The Benefits of Actions at Encoding and Recall.

The ability to follow spoken instructions is important to everyday functioning but has seldom been studied in patients with schizophrenia (SZ). Recent evidence suggests that action-based processing may facilitate the ability to follow instructions, which relies largely on working memory. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that SZ patients may also benefit from action-based advantages in following instructions.

Development of an inducible mouse model of iRFP713 to track recombinase activity and tumour development in vivo.

While the use of bioluminescent proteins for molecular imaging is a powerful technology to further our understanding of complex processes, fluorescent labeling with visible light fluorescent proteins such as GFP and RFP suffers from poor tissue penetration and high background autofluorescence. To overcome these limitations, we generated an inducible knock-in mouse model of iRFP713. This model was used to assess Cre activity in a Rosa Cre-ER background and quantify Cre activity upon different tamoxifen treatments in several organs.

The development of multitasking in children aged 7-12years: Evidence from cross-sectional and longitudinal data.

This study investigated the development of multitasking ability across childhood. A sample of 65 typically developing children aged 7, 9, and 11years completed two multitasking tests across three time points within a year. Cross-sectional and longitudinal data consistently indicated continuous linear growth in children's multitasking ability.

Anhedonia correlates with abnormal functional connectivity of the superior temporal gyrus and the caudate nucleus in patients with first-episode drug-naive major depressive disorder.

Background: Recent empirical findings have suggested that imbalanced neural networks may underlie the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the contribution of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and the caudate nucleus to its pathophysiology remains unclear.

Methods: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) date were acquired from 40 patients with first-episode drug-naive MDD and 36 matched healthy controls during wakeful rest.

Invariance of factor structure of the 21-item Peters et al. Delusions Inventory (PDI-21) over time and across samples.

The present study aimed to explore the latent structure of the 21-item Peters et al. Delusions Inventory (PDI-21) and to test the invariance of its factor structure over time and across samples. The PDI-21 was administered in two samples; one consisting of 1655 undergraduate students investigated in three waves, each separated by six months; and another consisting of 196 outpatients with schizophrenia.

Assessing the Functional Role of Leptin in Energy Homeostasis and the Stress Response in Vertebrates.

Leptin is a pleiotropic hormone that plays a critical role in regulating appetite, energy metabolism, growth, stress, and immune function across vertebrate groups. In mammals, it has been classically described as an adipostat, relaying information regarding energy status to the brain. While retaining poor sequence conservation with mammalian leptins, teleostean leptins elicit a number of similar regulatory properties, although current evidence suggests that it does not function as an adipostat in this group of vertebrates.

Atypical Small Acinar Proliferation and High-grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia in the Era of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Contemporary Review.

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has added to the armamentarium for the diagnosis and surveillance for organ-confined prostate cancer. Atypical small acinar proliferation and high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) are premalignant prostatic lesions. The management of such lesions remains contentious, and the addition of mpMRI introduces further uncertainty, given its ability to pick up indolent lesions and its use in targeted biopsy.

White matter microstructural abnormalities and their association with anticipatory anhedonia in depression.

Anhedonia is associated with dysfunction of the neural circuitry of reward in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, its neurobiological basis is not fully understood. The present study examined the association between anhedonia and white matter (WM) characteristics in patients with first-episode MDD.

Modulating the therapeutic response of tumours to dietary serine and glycine starvation.

The non-essential amino acids serine and glycine are used in multiple anabolic processes that support cancer cell growth and proliferation (reviewed in ref. 1). While some cancer cells upregulate de novo serine synthesis, many others rely on exogenous serine for optimal growth.

Non-compliance to infectious disease deferral criteria among Hong Kong's blood donors.

Background And Objectives: Donor screening alone cannot eliminate the risk of transfusion-transmitted HIV infection. Donor deferral according to established criteria is a supplemental strategy, which has focused largely on men who have sex with men (MSM). A study was conducted to determine the compliance of non-MSM donors with such criteria and examine its implications on blood safety.

Grey matter reduction in the caudate nucleus in patients with persistent negative symptoms: An ALE meta-analysis.

Objectives: In the present study, we used Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analysis to quantitatively examine brain grey matter reduction in schizophrenia patients with persistent negative symptoms (PNS).

Method: A total of 12 voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies were included in ALE meta-analysis using more stringent criterion of PNS.

Results: Significant grey matter reduction in the PNS group relative to controls was observed in the left caudate nucleus, the left precentral region, the left middle frontal region, the bilateral parahippocampal region, the left anterior cingulate region, the bilateral medial frontal gyrus, the thalamus and the insula.

Validation of the Chinese Version of the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule: Findings from Hong Kong Mental Morbidity Survey.

This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule (C-CIS-R), and explore its applicability as a diagnostic instrument for common mental disorders (CMDs) in Hong Kong. Its psychometric properties were evaluated among 140 patients and 161 healthy controls. In comparison to the diagnoses made by the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV, the C-CIS-R showed good criterion validity in diagnosing CMDs.

Centrifugal pumps and hemolysis in pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients: An analysis of Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) registry data.

Purpose: It is currently unclear whether centrifugal pumps cause more hemolysis than roller pumps in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) circuits. The aim of this study was to help answer that question in pediatric patients.

Methods: A limited deidentified data set was extracted from the international multicenter Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) registry comprising all reported ECMO runs for patients 18years or younger between 2010 and 2015.

Cortisol levels in fingernails, neurocognitive performance and clinical variables in euthymic bipolar I disorder.

Objectives: Neurocognitive impairment has been found in bipolar patients. Hypercortisolemia is one possible cause but there has been no agreement on this. Previous sampling methods assessed only acute cortisol levels, whereas the association between cortisol and psychopathology might be better understood by investigating chronic levels.

Randomized controlled trial of a positive affect intervention for people newly diagnosed with HIV.

Objective: We conducted a randomized controlled trial to determine whether IRISS (Intervention for those Recently Informed of their Seropositive Status), a positive affect skills intervention, improved positive emotion, psychological health, physical health, and health behaviors in people newly diagnosed with HIV.

Method: One-hundred and fifty-nine participants who had received an HIV diagnosis in the past 3 months were randomized to a 5-session, in-person, individually delivered positive affect skills intervention or an attention-matched control condition.

Results: For the primary outcome of past-day positive affect, the group difference in change from baseline over time did not reach statistical significance (p = .

CRISPR Knockout of the HuR Gene Causes a Xenograft Lethal Phenotype.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, whereas colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer. The RNA-binding protein HuR (ELAVL1) supports a pro-oncogenic network in gastrointestinal (GI) cancer cells through enhanced HuR expression. Using a publically available database, HuR expression levels were determined to be increased in primary PDA and colorectal cancer tumor cohorts as compared with normal pancreas and colon tissues, respectively.

Routine Use of Distal Arterial Perfusion in Pediatric Femoral Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Lower-extremity ischemia is a significant complication in children on femoral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO). Our institution currently routinely uses distal perfusion catheters (DPCs) in all femoral arterial cannulations in attempts to reduce ischemia. We performed a single-center, retrospective review of pediatric patients supported with femoral VA ECMO from January 2005 to November 2015.