Derivative Technologies of Expansion Microscopy and Applications in Biomedicine.

Expansion microscopy (ExM) is an innovative super-resolution imaging technique that utilizes physical expansion to magnify biological samples, facilitating the visualization of cellular structures that are challenging to observe using traditional optical microscopes. The fundamental principle of ExM revolves around employing a specialized hydrogel to uniformly expand biological samples, thereby achieving super-resolution imaging under conventional optical imaging conditions. This technology finds application not only in various biological samples such as cells and tissue sections, but also enables super-resolution imaging of large biological molecules including proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolite molecules.

Towards a Multi-Stakeholder process for developing responsible AI governance in consumer health.

Introduction: AI is big and moving fast into healthcare, creating opportunities and risks. However, current approaches to governance focus on high-level principles rather than tailored recommendations for specific domains like consumer health. This gap risks unintended consequences from generic guidelines misapplied across contexts and from providing answers before agreeing on the questions.

Regulation of ROS signaling by TIGAR induces cancer-modulating responses in the tumor microenvironment.

The consequences of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cells are complex and have been shown to both promote and retard tumorigenesis in different models. In mouse models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), loss of the antioxidant defense gene results in both a reduction in the development of early pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and an increase in invasive and metastatic capacity, accompanied by decreased survival of mice lacking pancreatic TIGAR. We previously demonstrated that increased ROS following loss of TIGAR promotes various cancer cell-intrinsic changes that contribute to metastatic capacity, including epithelial to mesenchymal transition, enhanced migration and invasion, and an increase in ERK signaling.

Short-Form Video Informed Consent Compared With Written Consent for Adolescents and Young Adults: Randomized Experiment.

Background: Adolescents and young adults have the highest prevalence of e-cigarette use ("vaping"), but they are difficult to enroll in health research studies. Previous studies have found that video consent can improve comprehension and make informed consent procedures more accessible, but the videos in previous studies are much longer than videos on contemporary social media platforms that are popular among young people.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a short-form (90-second) video consent compared with a standard written consent for a vaping cessation study for adolescents and young adults.

Zr-NMOF tagged with heterobifunctionalized aptamers for highly sensitive, multiplexed and rapid imaging mass cytometry.

Imaging mass cytometry (IMC) permits high-dimensional single-cell spatial proteomics by harnessing mass tags to replace conventional fluorescence tags. However, the current IMC technique commonly adopts metal-chelated polymer (MCP) tags, which are limited in sensitivity, multiplicity and data acquisition speed. Here, we demonstrate nanometal-organic framework (NMOF) tags, which could concurrently augment IMC's sensitivity, multiplicity, and acquisition speed.

Type 2 diabetes pathway-specific polygenic risk scores elucidate heterogeneity in clinical presentation, disease progression and diabetic complications in 18,217 Chinese individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Aims/hypothesis: Type 2 diabetes is a complex and heterogeneous disease and the aetiological components underlying the heterogeneity remain unclear in the Chinese and East Asian population. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether specific pathophysiological pathways drive the clinical heterogeneity in type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We employed newly developed type 2 diabetes hard-clustering and soft-clustering pathway-specific polygenic risk scores (psPRSs) to characterise individual genetic susceptibility to pathophysiological pathways implicated in type 2 diabetes in 18,217 Chinese patients from Hong Kong.

Improving Children's Rehabilitation Service Quality and Experience Through Innovative Programming: A Developmental Evaluation of the Bright Ideas Program.

Introduction: Evidence-informed practice (EIP) is a widely accepted approach to providing rehabilitation services, however there are barriers to implementation. Bright Ideas is an innovative program developed by KidsAbility's Rocket Discovery Centre, aiming enhance uptake of EIP through incubating ideas identified by KidsAbility staff linked to organizational priorities of enhancing service access and outcomes.

Objectives: To evaluate Bright Ideas by identifying perceived successes and challenges associated with the program with the aim of supporting clinical innovation and the adoption of evidence-informed practices in children's rehabilitation centres.

Identification of Early Risk Factors for Mortality in Pediatric Veno-Arterial Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation: The Patient Matters.

Objective: Pediatric Veno-Arterial Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA ECMO) is a life saving technology associated with high mortality. A successful VA ECMO course requires attention to multiple aspects of patient care, including ECMO and patient parameters. Early, potentially modifiable, risk factors associated with patient mortality should be analyzed and adjusted for when assessing VA ECMO risk profiles.

Comprehensive Characterization of the Integrin Family Across 32 Cancer Types.

Integrin genes are widely involved in tumorigenesis. Yet, a comprehensive characterization of integrin family members and their interactome at the pan-cancer level is lacking. Here, we systematically analyzed integrin family in approximately 10,000 tumors across 32 cancer types.

Successful preservation of functional right kidney with giant stones: A rare Chinese case report with literature review.

Renal calculi weighing over 200 g are relative rare in modern urological practice since most stones might cause renal dysfunction before reaching such size. We here reported an extremely rare case of giant stones in single kidney of a 72-year-old Chinese male patient who had 30 years long-term history of lithiasis in the right kidney. These huge kidney stones, total weight 832.

Childhood trauma, resilience, psychopathology and social functioning in schizophrenia: A network analysis.

The affective pathway to psychosis implicates affective symptoms and neuroticism as mediating steps between childhood trauma and symptoms of schizophrenia. Prior research seldom examined the interplay between childhood trauma, resilience, personality, social functioning and symptoms in schizophrenia patients. This study recruited 290 schizophrenia patients, and constructed a regularized partial correlation network of childhood trauma, resilience, big-five personality traits, symptoms and social functioning.

Identifying groups at-risk to extreme heat: Intersections of age, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status.

Anthropogenic climate change has resulted in a significant rise in extreme heat events, exerting considerable but unequal impacts on morbidity and mortality. Numerous studies have identified inequities in heat exposure across different groups, but social identities have often been viewed in isolation from each other. Children (5 and under) and older adults (65 and older) also face elevated risks of heat-related health impacts.

Causes Cutaneous and Extracutaneous Feline Dermatophytic Pseudomycetomas: Molecular Identification and Clinicopathological Characteristics.

Dermatophytic pseudomycetoma (DPM) is a rarely reported invasive fungal infection of humans and animals, especially cats. This study aimed to identify dermatophytes, breed associations, and the frequency of extracutaneous (EC) involvement in feline DPM. Electronic records and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPET) from 32 suspected DPM cases in 30 cats were retrieved from a diagnostic laboratory between 2018 and 2024.

Outcomes in Children Who Undergo Postcardiotomy Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Report From the STS-CHSD.

Background: Children who undergo cardiac surgery may require postcardiotomy extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Although morbidities are considerable, our understanding of outcome determinants is limited. We evaluated associations between patient and perioperative factors with outcomes.

Improving Access to Hereditary Testing in Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma.

Purpose: Approximately 5%-10% of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have an inherited basis, yet uptake of genetic testing remains low and subject to disparities. This study compared two genetic testing pathways available to patients referred to a provincial cancer center, BC Cancer: a traditional hereditary cancer clinic-initiated testing (HCT) pathway and a new oncology clinic-initiated testing (OCT) pathway.

Methods: Study subjects were patients with confirmed PDAC referred for genetic testing through the HCT or OCT pathway between June 1, 2020, and February 1, 2022.

Proteomics approach to discovering non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers and understanding the pathogenesis of endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Endometriosis is one of the most common gynaecological diseases, yet it lacks efficient biomarkers for early detection and unravels disease mechanisms. Proteomic profiling has revealed diverse patterns of protein changes in various clinical samples. Integrating and systematically analysing proteomics data can facilitate the development of biomarkers, expediting diagnosis and providing insights for potential clinical and therapeutic applications.

Negative symptoms in treatment-resistant schizophrenia and its relationship with functioning.

Background: Recent operational criteria for treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) recognized positive and negative symptoms. TRS patients may have heterogeneity in negative symptoms, but empirical data were lacking. We aimed to characterize TRS patients based on negative symptoms using cluster analysis, and to examine between-cluster differences in social functioning.

Glenoid structural bone grafting in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: clinical and radiographic outcomes.

Background: Current options for reconstruction of large glenoid defects in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) include structural bone grafting, use of augmented components, or 3D-printed custom implants. Given the paucity in the literature on structural bone grafts in RTSA, this study reflects our experience on clinical and radiographic outcomes of structural bone grafts used for glenoid defects in RTSA.

Methods: We identified 33 consecutive patients who underwent RTSA using structural bone grafts for glenoid bone loss between 2008 and 2019.