Immunogenicity of Botulinum Toxin Type A in Different Clinical and Cosmetic Treatment, a Literature Review.

Background: Botulinum toxin type A is widely utilized for both therapeutic and aesthetic purposes, yet concerns regarding its immunogenicity have raised issues related to treatment failure and adverse reactions.

Objective: This review aims to evaluate the immunogenicity of commercially available botulinum toxin type A products across various clinical indications and identify the risk factors associated with antibody formation.

Methods: A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted to find studies that investigated the immunogenicity of botulinum toxin type A in patients treated for different conditions.

Poly-d,l-lactic Acid (PDLLA) Application in Dermatology: A Literature Review.

Poly-d,l-lactic acid (PDLLA) is a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer that has garnered significant attention in dermatology due to its unique properties and versatile applications. This literature review offers a comprehensive analysis of PDLLA's roles in various dermatological conditions and wound-healing applications. PDLLA demonstrates significant benefits in enhancing skin elasticity and firmness, reducing wrinkles, and promoting tissue regeneration and scar remodeling.

Ocular Complication in Facial Aesthetic Laser and Light Treatments: A Comprehensive Review.

Background: The increasing popularity of laser- and light-based esthetic treatments for facial rejuvenation has raised concerns regarding ocular safety. Although these procedures are generally considered safe and effective, there is a growing body of evidence highlighting the potential for ocular complications. This review aims to systematically analyze the types and mechanisms of ocular injuries associated with such treatments, as well as to evaluate preventive measures and management strategies.

Cosmeceuticals in photoaging: A review.

Background: Photoaging is a process of the architecture of normal skin damaged by ultraviolet radiation. Topical cosmeceuticals have been used to treat this condition. The authors aimed to understand the mechanism and level of evidence of different commonly used cosmeceuticals used to treat photodamaged skin.

Polynucleotides in Aesthetic Medicine: A Review of Current Practices and Perceived Effectiveness.

Polynucleotides, complex molecules composed of nucleotides, have gained attention in aesthetic medicine for their potential to regulate gene expression and promote tissue regeneration. This review aims to provide an overview of the current practices and perceived effectiveness of polynucleotides in aesthetic medicine. A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted using keywords related to polynucleotides, cosmetic application, and aesthetic application.