[Robotic and thoracoscopic surgeries for anterior mediastinal neoplasms].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of robot-assisted (RATS) and video-assisted thoracoscopic (VTS) minimally invasive surgeries for anterior mediastinal neoplasms.

Material And Methods: The study involved 74 patients who underwent surgeries for anterior mediastinal neoplasms between 2020 and 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (RATS, 33 patients) and group 2 (VTS, 41 patients).

Identification of genetic determinants of bedaquiline resistance in in Ural region, Russia.

Unlabelled: Collecting data on rare () clinical isolates with resistance to the new anti-tuberculosis drug bedaquiline is an important task for improving antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods. Nanopore whole genome sequencing, the proportion method on Middlebrook 7H11 medium, and BACTEC MGIT 960 assays were used to analyze genotypic and phenotypic resistance to bedaquiline. We found four mutations: I66M, А63Р, А36Т, and S53P in five isolates with different levels of phenotypic bedaquiline resistance.

Low-Grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma of the Lateral Skull Base: Presentation of Two Cases.

Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is a rare slow-growing malignant tumour with a deceptively benign histologic appearance. Herein, we report two cases of LGFMS with variable clinical presentations. The first case was a 17-year-old female who referred to our department due to deaf ear on the right together with ipsilateral gag reflex impairment and globus sensation in the pharynx.

[DNA damage by active oxygen species in cryopreservation and the antioxydative properties of cryoprotectants].

Several disorders in the DNA structure in the cells of vertebrate and invertebrate animals, plant and algae are reviewed. Some causes of the DNA disorders, the reactive oxygen species, especially, are discussed. Some data are shown, that the common used cryoprotectants such as dimethylsulfoxide, glycerol, methanol, sucrose and albumin, are OH* scavengers.

[Consequences of plant tissue cryopreservation (phenotype and genome)].

The question about the correspondence of regenerants after cryopreservation to the initial organisms has been the focus of attention of cryobiologists. The correspondence has been established for morphological and physiological characteristics and the content of DNA fragment in flowering plants and algae. But no less investigations point to some changes in the phenotype and the appearance of DNA polymorphism in specimens of both plant sections.

[The problem of the stability of organisms after cryopreservation (fungi as an example)].

The results of research on the consequences of cryoconservation of fungi indicating the stability of their morphology are reviewed, and a number of facts indicating the changes in the properties of the fungus and the mutagenicity of cryopreservation are presented. The investigations of the last ten years confirm the Rosanov's hypothesis according to which cryoconservation must lead to an increase in the reserve of the hereditary variation of organisms.

[On the similarity in the effects of different cryopreservation conditions on the growth and development of plants].

The morphological characteristics of 35 wild plant species were studied after freezing of seeds under the conditions of deep, fast, and programmed freezing (-196 degrees C) and non-deep freezing (-10 degrees C). The seeds were stored frozen for a month. The seeds of all the species were characterized by a low humidity.

[Dehydration in the cryopreservation of moist plant tissues and in seed maturation].

The possibility of long-term cryopreservation of plant objects depends on their water content. In orthodox seeds, it decreases at the late stage of maturation and is accompanied by the synthesis of protectors--sugars and proteins. These seeds easily withstand cryopreservation.

[Effect of freezing of seeds on the morphological characteristics of four pink species].

The effect of non-deep freezing (-10 degrees C) and deep freezing (-196 degrees C) on the morphological characteristics of four pink species was investigated. It was shown that the growth and development of plants after cryopreservation changed insignificantly. Rather stable characteristics (diameter of flower, the number of cauline nodes, and root length) did not change.

Interaction of therapeutic ultrasound with purified enzymes in vitro.

The effects of ultrasound on the rates of the catalytic reactions of four purified enzymes in vitro have been extensively investigated under a wide range of biochemical and physical exposure conditions. In general, it can be concluded that therapeutic intensities of continuous wave 0.88 MHz ultrasound had no detectable direct effects on the rates of the reactions catalysed by creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, hexokinase and pyruvate kinase.

[X-ray diffraction study of the rabbit psoas muscle with extracted H-zone].

Fibre bundles of glycerinated rabbit psoas muscle about 0.5-1.0 mm thick were incubated in 5 mM tris-(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane (Tris), pH 8.

[Dynamics of quaternary structure of creatine kinase purified from rabbit skeletal muscles].

Using gel filtration and ultracentrifugation, the quaternary structure of muscle creatine kinase (isoenzyme MM) has been shown to depend on pH, protein concentration and ionic strength of solution. In solution the enzyme can exist not only as a dimer, but also as a monomer and tetramer with molecular weights of 40 000 and 160 000, respectively. High dilution of the protein solution and pH 6.

[Inhibition of creatine kinase activity by glycolysis metabolites].

It is shown that lactate is a noncompetitive inhibitor of muscle creative kinase Ki 16 mmol with respect to MgATP. When inhibitors are applied in combination (lactate with glucose-6-phosphate or inorganic phosphate, glucose-6-phosphate with Pi or all three inhibitors together) a competition arises. When applied together the combined action is weaker than the sum of inhibition of three effectors in the case of separate application.

[Effect of lactate and glycolytic intermediates on muscle creatine kinase].

Inhibition of rabbit muscle creatine kinase by lactate, glucose-6-phosphate and PEP occurs immediately and depends on the concentration of the effectors and enzyme properties. Desensitization of creatine kinase to these effectors is described. Partial desensitization to G-6-P and lactate occurs after the enzyme preincubation with dithiothreitol.

[Adenylate kinase and creatine kinase activity of rabbit blood serum following application of a tourniquet to the thigh].

A colorimetric method is described for estimation of the adenilate kinase activity in blood serum; the method is based on coupling of adenilate- and creatine kinase reactions and on estimation of the amount of creatine formed. Adenilate kinase activity in blood serum, estimated by the method, was shown to increase 4-fold after removing of tourniquet with subsequent normalization within the next day. The same data were obtained using a spectrophotometric method for estimation of adenilate kinase based on NADP reduction in coupled reactions with hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.

[Effect of phosphoenolpyruvate on creatine kinase activity in rabbit muscles].

Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is a potent inhibitor of muscle creatine kinase. The inhibition of ATP formation is more pronounced at pH 7.0.

[Allosteric properties of muscle creatine kinase].

The dependence of the reaction rate on substrate concentrations at pH 8.0--7.5 does not submit the Michaelis-Menten kinetics.