Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in the Adult Lumbar Spine - A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in spine is a benign disorder that mainly affects children and is rare in adults. The treatment of LCH in adults is still controversial. The literature is drought with reports regarding management of LCH in adults with pathological fracture.

Management of Neglected Odontoid Fracture in the Ankylosed Spine: A Case Report and Technical Note.

Introduction: While odontoid fractures frequently lead to non-union in elderly population, they are relatively rare in the younger age group. We present our management of a rare case of neglected odontoid fracture in an ankylosed spine of a young female.

Case Report: A 28-year-old female presented to our emergency department with neck deformity after a history of fall 1 year back.

Primary Ewing's sarcoma of the C2 vertebra with progressive quadriparesis: Report of a rare case and review of the literature.

Background: Ewing's sarcoma is a malignant primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of childhood and adolescence. Primary Ewing's sarcoma of the spine is uncommon, and even more rarely involves the C2 vertebra.

Case Description: A 14-year-old patient was admitted with a history of chronic neck pain, which exacerbated after playing contact sports 3 weeks before presentation.

Preschool Child with Displaced Odontoid Synchondrosis Fracture Treated by Surgical Management Showing Excellent Remodeling.

Introduction: Cervical spine injuries in the children are unusual, and an incidence rate of 1.5-3% of all the spinal fractures has been reported. The cartilaginous end plate between the dens and the body of the axis usually ossifies at the age of 5-7 years.

Outcome Evaluation of Modified Uninstrumented Open-door Cervical Laminoplasty for Ossified Posterior Longitudinal Ligament with Cervical Myelopathy.

Study Design: This was a retrospective study.

Purpose: To evaluate the short term outcomes of a novel self-developed technique of performing uninstrumented open-door cervical laminoplasty (ODCL) in patients with cervical myelopathy secondary to ossified posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL).

Review Of Literature: Published literature on cervical laminoplasties largely focuses on the outcomes of instrumented variants.

Evaluation of Dimensions of Kambin's Triangle to Calculate Maximum Permissible Cannula Diameter for Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy : A 3-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Based Study.

Objective: To evaluate 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of Kambin's safe zone to calculate maximum cannula diameter permissible for safe percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy.

Methods: Fifty 3D MRIs of 19 males and 31 females (mean, 47 years) were analysed. Oblique, axial and sagittal views were used for image analysis.

Endoscopic Spine Surgery.

Surgical treatment of the degenerative disc disease has evolved from traditional open spine surgery to minimally invasive spine surgery including endoscopic spine surgery. Constant improvement in the imaging modality especially with introduction of the magnetic resonance imaging, it is possible to identify culprit degenerated disc segment and again with the discography it is possible to diagnose the pain generator and pathological degenerated disc very precisely and its treatment with minimally invasive approach. With improvements in the optics, high resolution camera, light source, high speed burr, irrigation pump etc, minimally invasive spine surgeries can be performed with various endoscopic techniques for lumbar, cervical and thoracic regions.