2,4-Di-Tert-Butylphenol Isolated From an Endophytic Fungus, , Reduces Virulence and Quorum Sensing in .

is among the top three gram-negative bacteria according to the WHO's critical priority list of pathogens against which newer antibiotics are urgently needed and considered a global threat due to multiple drug resistance. This situation demands unconventional antimicrobial strategies such as the inhibition of quorum sensing to alleviate the manifestation of classical resistance mechanisms. Here, we report that 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DBP), isolated from an endophytic fungus, , inhibits the quorum-sensing properties of We have found that treating with 2,4-DBP substantially reduced the secretion of virulence factors as well as biofilm, and its associated factors that are controlled by quorum sensing, in a dose-dependent manner.

Anti-quorum sensing and antibiofilm potential of Alternaria alternata, a foliar endophyte of Carica papaya, evidenced by QS assays and in-silico analysis.

In the present study, secondary metabolites from an endophytic fungus, Alternaria alternata, colonizing Carica papaya, demonstrated antiquorum sensing properties against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study reports the antagonistic effects of fungal crude extract of A. alternata against the various quorum sensing (QS) associated virulent factors such as percentage decrease in production of pyocyanin, alginate, chitinase and rhamnolipid; significant decrease in proteases activity such as LasA protease activity, staphylolytic activity, Las B elastase; and a marked decrease in biofilm formation and associated factors such as exopolysaccharide (EPS) production and cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH).

Interaction Analysis of T7 RNA Polymerase with Heparin and Its Low Molecular Weight Derivatives - An In Silico Approach.

The single subunit T7 RNA polymerase (T7RNAP) is a model enzyme for studying the transcription process and for various biochemical and biophysical studies. Heparin is a commonly used inhibitor against T7RNAP and other RNA polymerases. However, exact interaction between heparin and T7RNAP is still not completely understood.

Insight into virus encapsulation mechanism through in silico interaction study between coat protein and RNA operator loops of Sesbania mosaic virus.

Viruses are parasite by nature and they are responsible for many diseases. Inhibitor development is very difficult for viruses due to their rapid mutative nature. A common approach for treating virus infection is targeting them at the genomic level and an encapsulation mechanism can be one of the targets.

Quercetin Influences Quorum Sensing in Food Borne Bacteria: In-Vitro and In-Silico Evidence.

Quorum sensing (QS) plays a vital role in regulating the virulence factor of many food borne pathogens, which causes severe public health risk. Therefore, interrupting the QS signaling pathway may be an attractive strategy to combat microbial infections. In the current study QS inhibitory activity of quercetin and its anti-biofilm property was assessed against food-borne pathogens using a bio-sensor strain.

Acute Respiratory Distress in Children: Croup and Acute Asthma.

Acute respiratory distress is one of the most common reason for emergency visits in children under 5 y of age. An accurate understanding of the epidemiology of these diseases, identification of risk factors and etiology is critical for successful treatment and prevention of related mortality. The cause of acute respiratory distress varies in etiology, and hence is amenable to different treatment modalities.

Three dimensional electron microscopy and in silico tools for macromolecular structure determination.

Recently, structural biology witnessed a major tool - electron microscopy - in solving the structures of macromolecules in addition to the conventional techniques, X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Three dimensional transmission electron microscopy (3DTEM) is one of the most sophisticated techniques for structure determination of molecular machines. Known to give the 3-dimensional structures in its native form with literally no upper limit on size of the macromolecule, this tool does not need the crystallization of the protein.