WITHDRAWN: Corrigendum to "Inpatient Outcomes After Elective Lumbar Spinal Fusion for Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the Absence of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome" [World Neurosurg. 116 (2018) e913-920].

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.

An Update in Complication Rates Associated With Anterior Lumbar Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Study Design: Systematic Review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To conduct an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of complications associated with different anterior fusion techniques/approaches and adjuvant resources (i.e.

Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Application Match Patterns.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on the orthopaedic match process are yet to be fully understood and should be explored. We hypothesize that the cancellation of away rotations due to the COVID-19 pandemic would decrease the variability of where students matched into orthopaedic residency compared to pre-pandemic years.

Methods: Accredited orthopaedic programs were collected from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) database.

YouTube as an Information Source for Lumbar Disc Herniations: A Systematic Review.

Objective: The Internet is a source of health information for patients. Quality of information available to patients is varied and uncontrolled. Physicians should be familiar with the overall quality of the information.

The Associations of Spine Surgeon Training, Office Wait Times, and Social Media Presence with Reviews on Physician Rating Websites.

This study evaluated the associations of demographics and social media (SM) usage on physician review websites for spine surgeons in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Three physician rating websites were accessed to obtain training history, number of ratings/reviews, and overall rating (0-5). Surgeon web pages and publicly searchable SM accounts on Facebook (FB), Twitter (T), and/or Instagram (IG) were recorded.

Clinical Outcomes of Bariatric Surgery Before Spinal Fusion: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Morbidly obese patients are at increased risk for intraoperative and postoperative complications following spinal fusion. Preoperative weight loss can improve clinical outcomes. The present systematic literature review is aimed to evaluate the hypothesis that bariatric surgery before spinal fusion surgery is associated with higher rates of complications and revisions.

Increased Surgical Site Subcutaneous Fat Thickness Is Associated with Infection after Posterior Cervical Fusion.

Previous literature has associated increased body mass index (BMI) with risk of surgical site infection (SSI) after posterior cervical fusion (PCF) surgery. However, few studies have examined the association between local adiposity and risk of SSI, re-admission, and re-operation after PCF. Local adiposity is easily measured on pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and may act as a more accurate predictor compared with BMI.

Leadership Trends at Hand Surgery Fellowships.

Background: Fellowship directors (FDs) influence the future of trainees in the field of hand surgery. Currently, there are no studies that analyze the demographic background, institutional training, and academic experience of hand surgery FDs. This study aims to serve as a framework to understand the landscape of current leadership positions in hand surgery education and to identify opportunities to improve FD diversity.

The Incidence of Adjacent Segment Pathology After Cervical Disc Arthroplasty Compared with Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess rates of adjacent segment degeneration (ASDeg), adjacent segment disease (ASDis), and reoperation rates as a result of adjacent segment pathology in patients who have undergone anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) versus cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA).

Methods: A comprehensive search of randomized controlled trials was performed in PubMed from 2012 to 2019. Relevant studies included were assessed for quality using the Cochrane Beck Review Group guidelines.

Symptomatic Postoperative Epidural Hematoma in the Lumbar Spine.

A symptomatic postoperative epidural hematoma (SPEH) in the lumbar spine is a complication with variable presentation and the potential to rapidly cause an irrecoverable neurological injury. Significant heterogeneity exists among current case series reporting SPEH in the literature. This review attempts to clarify the known incidence, risk factors, and management pearls.

Bone Graft Options in Spinal Fusion: A Review of Current Options and the Use of Mesenchymal Cellular Bone Matrices.

Background: Spinal fusion is the mainstay treatment for various spinal conditions ranging from lumbar and cervical stenosis to degenerative spondylolisthesis as well as extensive deformity corrections. A new emerging category of allograft is cellular bone matrices (CBMs), which take allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and incorporate them into an osteoconductive and osteoinductive matrix. This study reviewed the current spinal fusion options and new emerging treatment options.

Return to Golf Following Cervical and Lumbar Spinal Fusion: A Systematic Review.

Background: There is a paucity of literature about return to play (RTP) for golf protocols following cervical and lumbar fusions. The timing of return to this sport is a common question among patients. The aim of this review was to analyze and report the current protocols for RTP following cervical and lumbar spinal fusion.

Current Management of Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy.

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) develops insidiously as degenerative changes of the cervical spine impact the spinal cord. Unfortunately, CSM is a form of spinal cord injury in older patients that often experiences delayed treatment. This summary evaluates the pathophysiology, natural history, diagnosis, and current management of CSM.

Management of Acute Subaxial Trauma and Spinal Cord Injury in Professional Collision Athletes.

Sports-related acute cervical trauma and spinal cord injury (SCI) represent a rare but devastating potential complication of collision sport injuries. Currently, there is debate on appropriate management protocols and return-to-play guidelines in professional collision athletes following cervical trauma. While cervical muscle strains and sprains are among the most common injuries sustained by collision athletes, the life-changing effects of severe neurological sequelae (ie, quadriplegia and paraplegia) from fractures and SCIs require increased attention and care.

The impact of social media presence, age, and patient reported wait times on physician review websites for sports medicine surgeons.

Background: When choosing physicians, patients often review options online via physician review websites, which may influence decisions on providers.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impacts of social media usage, age, and patient reported wait times on online ratings for three popular review websites.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

An Investigation of a Novel Dural Repair Device for Intraoperative Incidental Durotomy Repair.

Incidental durotomies, or dural tears, can be very difficult and time consuming to repair properly when they are encountered in confined spaces. A novel dural repair device was developed to address these situations. In this paper, the novel device was assessed against the use of traditional tools and techniques for dural repairs in two independent studies using an intricate clinical simulation model.

Timing of Preoperative Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis After Primary One-Level to Three-Level Lumbar Fusion.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between timing of preoperative surgical antibiotic prophylaxis and postoperative surgical site infections (SSIs) among patients with 1-level to 3-level lumbar fusion.

Methods: Patients having undergone a primary 1-level to 3-level lumbar fusion at a single institution were allocated into 5 groups based on the time from preoperative antibiotic administration to incision (group A, 0-15 minutes; group B, 16-30 minutes; group C, 31-45 minutes; group D, 46-60 minutes; and group E, 61+ minutes). Timing of antibiotic administration as a continuous variable was also analyzed.

Trends in Leadership at Pediatric Orthopaedic Fellowships.

Background: Pediatric orthopaedic fellowship directors (FDs) have a valuable impact on the education of trainees and future leaders in the field. There is currently no research on the characteristics of pediatric orthopaedic FDs.

Methods: Programs were identified using the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America fellowship directory.

Overview of Traumatic Brain Injury in American Football Athletes.

Objective: The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and treatment of traumatic brain injury in collision athletes, particularly those participating in American football.

Data Sources: A literature search was conducted using the PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases for publications between 1990 and 2019. The following search phrases were used: "concussion," "professional athletes," "collision athletes," "mild traumatic brain injury," "severe traumatic brain injury," "management of concussion," "management of severe traumatic brain injury," and "chronic traumatic encephalopathy.

Characteristics and Trends of the Most Cited Spine Publications.

Study Design: Bibliometric literature review.

Objective: The aim of this study was to recognize and analyze the most frequently cited manuscripts published in the journal Spine.

Summary Of Background Data: Although the journal Spine is considered a premiere location for distributing influential spine research, no previous study has evaluated which of their publications have had the most impact.

Hepatitis C Virus Infection as a Predictor of Complications and Increased Costs Following Primary Lumbar Fusion Surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify whether hepatitis C virus (HCV) diagnosis influences in-hospital lengths of stay (LOS), postoperative complications, readmission rates, or costs following primary posterior lumbar fusions in an elective setting.

Summary Of Background Data: Although joint arthroplasty literature has shown increased complication rates and costs for patients seropositive with HCV without liver disease compared to those without HCV, this comorbidity has not been explored in the spine literature.

Impact of preoperative weakness and duration of symptoms on health-related quality-of-life outcomes following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion.

Background Context: The majority of patients with preoperative upper extremity weakness show improvements in motor function after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Although numerous studies have examined both the extent and time course to which motor function can be expected to improve, few have shown that these improvements in motor function translate to improved health related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of preoperative weakness and duration of symptoms on HRQOL outcomes in patients who underwent ACDF.

Trends in Leadership at Orthopedic Surgery Adult Reconstruction Fellowships.

Background: Fellowship directors (FDs) in adult reconstruction have a profound impact on current and future trainees within orthopedics. Our group sought to evaluate the shared characteristics among current adult reconstruction FDs to provide a framework for those aspiring to achieve this position and identify possible areas of improvement.

Methods: Fellowship programs were identified using the American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons Directory.