Tobacco advertising exposure and product use among young adults: An ecological momentary assessment approach.

Introduction: Tobacco-related content is prevalent on social media, yet many methods of measuring exposure are inadequate due to the personalized nature of online marketing. The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between exposure to pro-tobacco messages (both industry-sponsored and user-generated) and the use of tobacco products, as reported via ecological momentary assessment (EMA).

Methods: Young adults (n = 175) were instructed to record all sightings of marketing (both in-person and online) related to tobacco for 28 days.

Restricting Tobacco Retail Outlets Around Middle and High Schools as a Way to Reduce Tobacco Marketing Disparities: A Simulation Study.

Introduction: Communities with more people of color and economically disadvantaged residents are disproportionately exposed to tobacco marketing from tobacco companies. This study examined if banning tobacco retail outlets (TROs) within 1000 ft of schools would reduce these marketing disparities through a greater reduction in the amount of tobacco advertising around schools in these communities.

Methods: Data from objectively audited advertisement data from 106 convenience stores and gas stations around 42 middle and high schools located in the four major metropolitan areas of Texas were linked with schools' enrollment data.

Age of initiation of cigarillo use among young adults: Findings from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study, 2013-2017.

Significance: Young adults, especially those who identify as racial/ethnic minorities, are legal targets of the tobacco industry. Cigarillo initiation is a risk among these vulnerable groups. Estimating the age of initiation of cigarillo use among young adults may inform the timing of prevention interventions.

Mobile Text Messaging for Tobacco Risk Communication Among Young Adult Community College Students: Randomized Trial of Project Debunk.

Background: The use of new and emerging tobacco products (NETPs) and conventional tobacco products (CTPs) has been linked to several alarming medical conditions among young adults (YAs). Considering that 96% of YAs own mobile phones, SMS text messaging may be an effective strategy for tobacco risk communication.

Objective: Project Debunk is a community-based randomized trial aiming to identify specific types of messages that effectively improve perceived NETP and CTP risk among YAs in community colleges.

Exploring Transgender and Gender Diverse Young Adult Tobacco Use.

Aside from prevalence estimates and comparisons to heterosexual and presumed cisgender (i.e., not transgender) samples, little is known about transgender and gender diverse (TGD) young adult tobacco use.

Rising vape pod popularity disrupted declining use of electronic nicotine delivery systems among young adults in Texas, USA from 2014 to 2019.

Aims: To examine the longitudinal trajectory of young Texan (US) adults' electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use from 2014 to 2019, and to determine if there are changes in the trajectory among younger and older young adults post-2017, when vape pods surged in popularity in the United States.

Design: Nine-wave longitudinal study, with 6 months between each of the first eight waves and 1 year between the last two waves. Discontinuous, or piecewise, growth curve models were used to test the hypotheses that (a) the overall current/past 30-day ENDS use trajectory would decline from 2014 to spring 2017 but then increase from fall 2017 to 2019, and (b) the increasing trajectory from 2017 to 2019 would occur only for younger participants, but not older participants.

Longitudinal trajectories of E-cigarette use among adolescents: A 5-year, multiple cohort study of vaping with and without marijuana.

E-cigarette use harms adolescent health, yet it continues to escalate rapidly among teens nationwide. This longitudinal study sought to identify and differentiate between developmental trajectories of past 30-day e-cigarette use with and without marijuana (i.e.

Prospective estimation of the age of initiation of cigarettes among young adults (18-24 years old): Findings from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) waves 1-4 (2013-2017).

Objectives: To prospectively estimate the age of cigarette initiation among young adults (18-24 years old) who were never cigarette users at their first wave of adult study participation overall, by sex, and by race/ethnicity given recent increases in cigarette initiation occurring in young adulthood.

Methods: Secondary analyses were conducted using the PATH restricted-use adult datasets among young adult never users of cigarettes in waves 1-3 (2013-2016) with outcomes followed-up in waves 2-4 (2014-2017). Interval censoring survival methods were used to estimate the age of initiation of (i) ever, (ii) past 30-day, and (iii) fairly regular cigarette use.

Language Gap in Reach of "The Real Cost": Examination of a Federal Mass Media Campaign From 2017 to 2019.

Introduction: Approximately 25% of youth in the United States speak a language other than English at home. These youth may have less exposure to English-speaking media, including public smoking prevention initiatives such as the FDA's "The Real Cost" campaign. Research is needed to explore potential gaps in the reach of "The Real Cost" campaign among bilingual youth.

Age at Initiation of Cigarette Use in a Nationally Representative Sample of US Youth, 2013-2017.

Importance: Cigarettes are still a commonly used tobacco product among youth despite recent declines in cigarette use.

Objective: The aim of this study was to prospectively estimate the age of cigarette use initiation among youth (aged 12-17 years) overall, by sex, and by race/ethnicity.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study used data from waves 1 through 4 of the nationally representative Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study, conducted from September 12, 2013, to January 3, 2018.

Digital marketing of smokeless tobacco: A longitudinal analysis of exposure and initiation among young adults.

Objectives: This study examines the relationships between recall of exposure to digital marketing of smokeless tobacco, via the internet and social media, and subsequent initiation of smokeless tobacco use at one-year follow-up, among young adult never users of smokeless tobacco in Texas.

Methods: Data were from waves 6 (Spring 2017) and 7 (Spring 2018) of the Marketing and Promotions Across Colleges in Texas Study (Project M-PACT); a longitudinal study of two- and four-year Texas college students. Participants were 2731 young adult never smokeless tobacco users (ages 20-32) with complete data at both assessment periods.

PROSPECTIVELY ESTIMATING THE AGE OF INITIATION OF E-CIGARETTES AMONG U.S. YOUTH: FINDINGS FROM THE POPULATION ASSESSMENT OF TOBACCO AND HEALTH (PATH) STUDY, 2013-2017.

Context: There is a lack of research that prospectively estimates the age of initiation of electronic cigarette use in U.S. youth.

Prospective estimation of the age of initiation of hookah use among youth: Findings from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study waves 1-4 (2013-2017).

Objective: This study reports the prospectively estimated age of initiation of susceptibility to, ever, past 30-day, and fairly regular hookah use.

Design: Secondary data analyses of the first four waves (2013-2017) of the PATH study, a nationally representative longitudinal cohort study of US youth (ages 12-17).

Methods: Youth who were never hookah users at their first wave of participation were identified (n = 16,678; N = 31,136,834).

Exposure to cigar Point-of-Sale marketing and use of cigars and cigarettes among young adults.

Introduction: Few studies examine the impact of objective exposure to point-of-sale (POS) marketing for cigars including little cigars and cigarillos (LCCs) on tobacco use. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between exposure to LCC marketing at the POS and current and future use of LCCs and cigarettes among young adult college students.

Method: Data on LCC and cigarette use from 4201 young adult students (mean age = 22.

Multiple tobacco product use among cigarette smokers: a longitudinal examination of menthol and non-menthol smokers during young adulthood.

Background: Multiple tobacco product (MTP) use is common among young adults. Most MTP users are combustible cigarette smokers that use one or more other tobacco products. This study aims to explore menthol as a risk factor for MTP use among a cohort of young adult cigarette smokers.

Tobacco Magazine Advertising Impacts Longitudinal Changes in the Number of Tobacco Products Used by Young Adults.

Purpose: The present study examined the longitudinal associations between exposure to tobacco advertisements in magazines popular among young adults and changes in the number of tobacco products used by young adults.

Methods: Participants were 4,824 students from 24 Texas colleges participating in a longitudinal study. Tobacco advertisements in 11 magazines, collected from 2015 to 2017, were objectively assessed and young adults self-reported the frequency of reading each magazine on five biannual surveys from 2015 to 2017.

The Future of Substance Abuse Now: Relationships among Adolescent Use of Vaping Devices, Marijuana, and Synthetic Cannabinoids.

Substances that can be vaped include nicotine, marijuana, cocaine, heroin, and a range of synthetic drugs called new psychoactive substances (NPS). Due to the rising popularity of vaping among adolescents, it is crucial to understand the relationships between vaping and illicit drug use. This paper examined the prevalence and trends of using vaping devices, marijuana vaping, marijuana products, synthetic cannabinoids and mist contents among youth.

Multi-directional pathways of tobacco and marijuana use, including comorbid use, among a population-based cohort of adolescents in Texas: A six-wave cross-lagged model.

Purpose: Past 30-day tobacco and marijuana use commonly occur among adolescents. It is unclear whether use of one product precedes the other, especially given the new climate surrounding marijuana legalization and the increasing popularity of e-cigarettes.

Methods: Six-panel cross-lagged regression models, with six months between each panel/Wave (2014-17), were used to model stability paths, bi-directional paths, and comorbid paths (i.

A Simulation of the potential impact of restricting tobacco retail outlets around middle and high schools on tobacco advertisements.

Objective: To examine (1) if tobacco retail outlets (TROs) closer to middle and high schools have more tobacco advertisements than TROs farther away and (2) the potential impact of two place-based tobacco control strategies on tobacco advertisements: a simulated ban of TROs (1) within 1000ft of schools and (2) within 500 ft of other TROs.

Methods: TROs within half-mile of 53 middle and high schools in the four largest Metropolitan areas in Texas were audited for all tobacco marketing. ArcGIS was used for mapping and grouping TROs by distance from the schools and simulating the ban.

Age of initiation of cigarillos, filtered cigars and/or traditional cigars among youth: Findings from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study, 2013-2017.

Significance: Early age of initiation of tobacco use is associated with sustained tobacco use and lower rates of smoking cessation. Although much is known about age of initiation of cigarette use, much less is known about the age of initiation of cigar product use among youth.

Methods: Survival analyses of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health youth annual datasets (ages 12-17) from 2013 to 2017 were conducted for any cigar product use, cigarillos or filtered cigars, and traditional cigars across four cigar use outcomes, age of initiation of: susceptibility to use, ever use, past 30-day use and "fairly regular" use.

The Recalled Age of Initiation of Multiple Tobacco Products among 26-34 Year Olds: Findings from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study Wave 1 (2013-2014).

Unlabelled: This study examined the recalled age of initiation of seven different tobacco products (TPs) and explored potential influences of sex, race/ethnicity, and cigarette-smoking status on tobacco use initiation among adults 26-34 years old using the PATH study.

Methods: Secondary analyses were conducted in the adult restricted PATH wave 1 (2013-2014) dataset. Weighted statistics are reported using the balanced repeated replication method and Fay's correction to account for PATH's complex study design.

Reactions to targeted tobacco control messaging: Transgender and gender diverse young adult perspectives.

Introduction: Tobacco interventions specifically created for transgender and gender diverse young adults appear almost non-existent. The Food and Drug Administration's This Free Life is the first large scale campaign specifically designed to address the smoking disparities of sexual and gender minority (SGM) young adults. The purpose of this study was to gauge the reactions and receptivity to This Free Life from a gender diverse young adult sample using interviews conducted in spring and summer 2018.

A Longitudinal Examination of Behavioral Transitions among Young Adult Menthol and Non-Menthol Cigarette Smokers Using a Three-State Markov Model.

Introduction: Young adult cigarette smoking behaviors are complex and dynamic. Emerging research suggests a growing rate of switching from non-menthol to menthol cigarettes. Transitions across cigarette smoking states are not well understood.

Multidirectional Pathways of Tobacco and Marijuana Use, Including Comorbid Use, Among Young Adults (Aged 18-25 Years) in Texas: A Six-Wave Cross-Lagged Model.

Purpose: Prevalence of past 30-day tobacco and marijuana use are highest among young adults in the U.S., and comorbid use of these products is common.

Characterizing the polytobacco behaviors of sexual minority young adult college students.

Introduction: Polytobacco use is a growing concern; users are exposed to cumulatively more nicotine, increasing their risk for dependence and long-term use. More sexual minority (SM) young adults report polytobacco use than their heterosexual peers, yet no studies explore how their tobacco patterns vary across the diverse product landscape. The purpose of this study was to characterize SM young adults' patterns of tobacco use and nicotine dependence, and explore co-occurring risk factors for polytobacco use.