Youth Assets, Neighborhood Factors, Parental Income, and Tobacco Use: A Longitudinal Study of Health Disparities.

This study aimed to assess how the relationship between youth assets and future no-tobacco use among youth might differ according to race/ethnicity, neighborhood factors and socio-economic status. Five waves of annual data were collected from 1111 youth/parent pairs living in Oklahoma, USA who were randomly selected to participate in the Youth Asset Study (YAS). A marginal logistic regression model using all five waves of no-tobacco use, demographics, and their interaction was used to compare the change in tobacco use over time.

Demographic Factors Predict Disparities in Number of Assets Youth Possess.

Objectives: This study's purpose was to determine if youth race/ethnicity, youth age and sex, parent income and education, household wealth, family poverty, and family structure were prospectively associated with youth assets in a community-based sample of racially/ethnically and economically-diverse youth and their parents.

Methods: Five waves of data were collected annually (2003 to 2008) from youth (N = 1111; Mean age = 14.4 years, SD = 1.

Local Learning Collaboratives to Improve Quality for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): From Four Regional Practice-based Research Networks (PBRNs).

Background: Four practice-based research networks (PBRNs) participated in a project to increase the diffusion of evidence-based treatment guidelines for chronic kidney disease (CKD). A multicomponent organizational intervention engaged regionally proximal primary care practices in a series of facilitated meetings, referred to as local learning collaboratives (LLCs).

Methods: The 2-wave strategy began with 8 practices in each PBRN receiving practice facilitation and subsequently joining an LLC.

Team Science Approach to Developing Consensus on Research Good Practices for Practice-Based Research Networks: A Case Study.

Using peer learning strategies, seven experienced PBRNs working in collaborative teams articulated procedures for PBRN Research Good Practices (PRGPs). The PRGPs is a PBRN-specific resource to facilitate PBRN management and staff training, to promote adherence to study protocols, and to increase validity and generalizability of study findings. This paper describes the team science processes which culminated in the PRGPs.

Practice-based Research Network Research Good Practices (PRGPs): Summary of Recommendations.

Introduction: Practice-based research networks (PBRNs) conduct research in community settings, which poses quality control challenges to the integrity of research, such as study implementation and data collection. A foundation for improving research processes within PBRNs is needed to ensure research integrity.

Methods: Network directors and coordinators from seven U.

Prospective association between negative life events and initiation of sexual intercourse: the influence of family structure and family income.

Objectives: We examined the prospective association between negative life events and time to initiation of sexual intercourse and the influence of family structure and family income on this association.

Methods: We followed up a randomly selected sample (n=649) of ethnically diverse parents and their children aged 12 to 17 years over a 5-year period. We conducted Cox proportional hazards regression analysis to examine the relation between negative life events and time to initiation of sexual intercourse.

Leveraging practice-based research networks to accelerate implementation and diffusion of chronic kidney disease guidelines in primary care practices: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Four practice-based research networks (PBRNs) participated in a study to determine whether networks could increase dissemination, implementation, and diffusion of evidence-based treatment guidelines for chronic kidney disease by leveraging early adopter practices.

Methods: Motivated practices from four PBRNs received baseline and periodic performance feedback, academic detailing, and weekly practice facilitation for 6 months during wave I of the study. Each wave I practice then recruited two additional practices (wave II), which received performance feedback and academic detailing and participated in monthly local learning collaboratives led by the wave I clinicians.

Prospective Associations Among Assets and Successful Transition to Early Adulthood.

Objectives. We investigated prospective associations among assets (e.g.

Prospective associations between negative life events and youth tobacco use.

Objective: To examine the prospective associations between commonly-occurring negative life events (NLEs) and adolescent tobacco use.

Methods: NLEs were examined prospectively over 4 years from 1111 adolescents (mean age = 15.17 years).

The influence of assets and environmental factors on gender differences in adolescent drug use.

For adolescents, illicit drug use remains a significant public health problem. This study explored prospectively the differential effects of 17 youth assets and 5 environmental factors on drug use in adolescent males and females (Youth Asset Study - a 5-wave longitudinal study of 1117 youth/parent pairs). Baseline analyses included 1093 youth (53% female).

Implementing asthma guidelines using practice facilitation and local learning collaboratives: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Guideline implementation in primary care has proven difficult. Although external assistance through performance feedback, academic detailing, practice facilitation (PF), and learning collaboratives seems to help, the best combination of interventions has not been determined.

Methods: In a cluster randomized trial, we compared the independent and combined effectiveness of PF and local learning collaboratives (LLCs), combined with performance feedback and academic detailing, with performance feedback and academic detailing alone on implementation of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Asthma Guidelines.

The predictive influence of family and neighborhood assets on fighting and weapon carrying from mid- to late adolescence.

Using a developmental, social-ecological approach to understand the etiology of health-risk behavior and inform primary prevention efforts, we assess the predictive effects of family and neighborhood social processes on youth physical fighting and weapon carrying. Specifically, we focus on relationships among youth and their parents, family communication, parental monitoring, as well as sense of community and neighborhood informal social control, support, concerns, and disorder. This study advances knowledge through its investigation of family and neighborhood structural factors and social processes together, employment of longitudinal models that estimate effects over adolescent development, and use of self-report and observational measures.

A longitudinal study of youth assets, neighborhood conditions, and youth sexual behaviors.

Purpose: To prospectively determine whether individual, family, and community assets help youth to delay initiation of sexual intercourse (ISI); and for youth who do initiate intercourse, to use birth control and avoid pregnancy. The potential influence of neighborhood conditions was also investigated.

Methods: The Youth Asset Study was a 4-year longitudinal study involving 1,089 youth (mean age = 14.

Interpreting the psychometric properties of the components of primary care instrument in an elderly population.

Objective: To determine the psychometric properties of the Components of Primary Care Instrument (CPCI) in a patient population aged 65 or older.

Materials And Methods: 795 participants in the OKLAHOMA Studies, a longitudinal population-based study of predominantly Caucasian, elderly patients, completed the CPCI. Reliability analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were done to provide psychometric properties for this elderly sample.

Does patient assessment of the quality of the primary care they receive predict subsequent outcomes?: An Oklahoma Physicians Resource/Research Network (OKPRN) study.

Background: We analyzed data from a cohort of 782 older patients assembled in 1999 to 2000 to determine whether their baseline assessments of the quality of their primary care measured using the Components of Primary Care Index (CPCI) were associated with subsequent changes in health-related quality of life and/or survival.

Methods: Longitudinal growth curve models were used to analyze changes in Quality of Well-Being scores over an average of 2.07 years.

Impact of a Wellness Portal on the delivery of patient-centered preventive care.

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the impact of the Wellness Portal--a novel, web-based patient portal that focuses on wellness, prevention, and longitudinal health--on the delivery of patient-centered preventive care by examining the behavior and experiences of both patients and primary care clinicians and the degree to which recommended services were individualized and provided.

Methods: We conducted a 3-year, systematic portal development and testing study, which included a 6-month feasibility and acceptability pilot in 2 primary care practices followed by a 12-month cluster randomized controlled trial in 8 clinician practices (4 in each study group). Descriptive and bivariate analyses were conducted to compare service delivery between intervention and control arms.

School-related assets and youth risk behaviors: alcohol consumption and sexual activity.

Background: Two risk behaviors, alcohol consumption and early initiation of sexual intercourse (ISI), can have devastating consequences for youth. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of school connectedness and school-related behaviors (eg, academic performance, skipping school, getting into trouble at school) with these 2 risk behaviors.

Methods: The Youth Asset Survey (YAS) was administered to 1117 youth/parent pairs in their homes using Computer-Assisted Personal/Self-Interviewing (CAPI/CASI).

Parental youth assets and sexual activity: differences by race/ethnicity.

Objectives: To examine how the relationship between parental-related youth assets and youth sexual activity differed by race/ethnicity.

Methods: A random sample of 976 youth and their parents living in a Midwestern city participated in the study. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted for 3 major ethnic groups controlling for the other demographics.

Does patient assessment of the quality of the primary care they receive predict subsequent outcomes? An Oklahoma Physicians Resource/Research Network (OKPRN) study.

Introduction: We analyzed data from a cohort of 782 older patients assembled in 1999 to 2000 to determine whether baseline patient assessments of the quality of the primary care services they had received, measured using the Components of Primary Care Index (CPCI), were associated with subsequent changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and/or survival.

Methods: Longitudinal growth curve models were used to analyze changes in Quality of Well-Being (QWB-SA) scores over an average (S.D.

Associations between youth assets and sexual intercourse by household income.

Purpose: Evaluate youth assets or potential strengths and sexual intercourse associations by household income.

Design: Data consisted of youth and parent responses from randomly selected households from a cross-sectional study and wave one of a longitudinal extension of that study. Youth assets and sexual intercourse were compared for four income categories.

Quality improvement as a tool for translating evidence based interventions into practice: what the youth violence prevention community can learn from healthcare.

Health care has been working for the past 2 decades to improve the translation of evidence based practice (EBPs) into care. The strategies used to facilitate this, and lessons learned, can provide useful models for similar work taking place in youth violence prevention. This article discusses the history of evidence translation in health care, reviews key strategies used to support translation of evidence based practice into care, and suggests lessons learned that may be useful to similar efforts in youth violence prevention and intervention services.

Engaging patients and clinicians through a wellness portal to improve the health of Oklahomans.

Patient-centeredness is one of the key dimensions of the patient-centered medical home model, yet it is still not uniformly understood. A goal-directed care approach that incorporates active preparation and comprehensive patient visits has been suggested to empower patients and improve health outcomes by various resources, including patient-side health IT (e.g.

Development of an obesity counseling model based on a study of determinants of intentional sustained weight loss.

Background: Overweight and obesity are at epidemic proportions. This study examines the attitudes and actions of Oklahoma clinicians in obesity treatment, and the characteristics and perceptions of a subset of their patients who lost weight and were able to maintain weight loss.

Methods: Our study was a small mixed method study involving both surveys and interviews.

Reliability and validity of the youth asset survey: an update.

Purpose: Improve and expand an existing youth asset scale.

Design: Consisted of seven steps: (1) review of poorer-performing items and constructs, (2) literature review for relevant new asset constructs/items, (3) review of revised instrument by panel of experts, (4) qualitative review through focus group research, (5) pilot-test of instrument, (6) evaluation of the performance of the instrument in a longitudinal study, and (7) conduct of test-retest analysis.

Subjects/setting: Youth (N = 1111) recruited through canvassing of randomly selected census tracts and blocks.