[Ploidometric diagnosis of melanocytic skin neoplasms].

Differential diagnostic criteria of the tumors of the melanocytic genesis are established (73 cases). Average ploidy of typical cells of a simple nevus is 2.9 +/- 0.

[Computer-assisted microtelephotometric study of dysplasia and adenocarcinoma of the large intestine in patients with chronic nonspecific colitis].

Computer-aided microtelephotometry showed that the mean size of the nuclei gradually increases and their shape changes, and the total content of Feulgen DNA increases in patients with nonspecific ulcerative colitis in proportion to the severity of dysplasia and malignant degeneration of the mucosal epithelium of the large intestine. In first-degree dysplasia the value os 2.8, in second degree 5.

[Morphologic diagnosis of myogenous uterine tumors].

102 myogenous tumours and 12 unchanged areas of the uterine wall were studied histologically, morphometrically, stereometrically, microspectrophotometrically and electron microscopically. The differential-diagnostic importance of the mitotic activity, nuclear DNA content, volume proportion of the myofibrillar material in comparison with the cell density and volume proportion of nuclei is shown.

[The current statistical structure of the autopsy and biopsy material incoming per pathologist].

A statistical analysis of 431 records with the information concerning the work of a pathologist in the regional, republican, city and central hospitals and in the oncological dispensaries during one year is performed. The structure of the necropsy and biopsy material according to the nosology in the above hospitals is described.

[Secretion of immunoglobulins in malignant melanoma of the skin].

The study was concerned with the dynamics of correlations between IgA, IgM and IgG levels involved in pigmented neoplasm development in 154 cancer patients and 75 healthy subjects. The dynamics was found to represent stages of tumor development rather than changes in absolute indexes of serum immunoglobulin concentrations. The nature of changes in the structure of correlations suggested a possible switch from IgM to IgG and IgM to IgA secretion, i.

[Acral melanoma].

Basing on 18 observations, histological features of malignant melanomas on the soles and the terminal phalanges of the toes were revealed and described in detail. A specific character of melanomas with such localization is evident from the histological pattern and clinical manifestations. It is suggested to distinguish the described acral lentiginous melanoma as a separate clinico-morphologic form of melanoma.

[Morphological changes in laryngeal cancer after preoperative radiation treatment under different oxygen regimens].

A comparative histological investigation of laryngeal cancer following preoperative irradiation in high pressure oxygenation chamber and under standard conditions established a relatively higher effectiveness of the former procedure. In the zone of exposure, foci of "continued" growth attributed by the authors to the clonal composition to tumor as well as foci of "newly-developed" carcinoma in situ accounted for by multicentricity of cancer in the larynx were observed against the background of highly-pronounced radiation injuries. Discrepancies in evaluating the effectiveness of radiation treatment in clinic and by histological procedures were established: an unjustified clinical diagnosis of malignancy in cases of "dead" tumor proved to be as high as 38%.

[Function-sparing surgery of laryngeal cancer after radiotherapy].

Economical sparing surgery following radiation treatment was carried out in 284 cases of laryngeal cancer. Application of a complex of diagnostic procedures for determining tumor boundaries before and during surgery as well as some improved preoperative radiation treatment (irradiation in a high-pressure oxygen chamber) and surgical methods showed that sparing surgery gives good results, as far as function of the treated organ and patient's survival are concerned.

[Lentiginous melanocytic dysplasia as a precursor of malignant melanoma].

Precursors of malignant melanoma are special pigment spots characterized by proliferation of atypical melanocytes accompanied by reactive lymphoplasmocytic infiltration of the derma designated as lentiginous melanocytic dysplasia (LMD), a variant of Dubreuilh melanosis. The material of the study of 53 cases of LMD and the time course of its progress suggest LMD to be not a distinct nosological entity but the beginning of the development of malignant melanoma.

[Spontaneous regression of malignant melanoma].

Malignant melanomas are known to be prone to undergo spontaneous regression (spontaneous resorption). The morphological picture of this process similar to that in spontaneous regressions of nevuses (halo-nevus), pigmentous spots (Dubreille melanosis) and superficially spreading melanoma is described. Six observations of spontaneously regressing melanomas are presented.