Religious Leaders' Perspectives on Rural Communities' Responses During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the USA.

The COVID-19 pandemic posed risks to the health and wellness of individuals and communities. Qualitative interviews based on the health belief model were conducted to gain insight into the perspectives of 17 leaders serving in rural Christian, Catholic, Jewish, and Muslim communities in the USA regarding their communities' responses during the pandemic. Nine themes emerged from the narrative data using phenomenological thematic analysis: Some people are more susceptible, Test of faith, Fear and anxiety, Staying connected, Will people follow the protocols? Science and faith can co-exist, Responsibility to self and others, We've had to adjust, and We've had to dispense of that.

A Qualitative Exploration of the Experience of Child Feeding Among Ukrainian Refugee and Immigrant Mothers During Escape and Relocation.

Introduction: With the continued armed conflict impacting Ukrainian families, it is important to understand the influence of escape, displacement, and relocation on the disruption to daily life, particularly on young child feeding.

Method: A phenomenological study explored 16 refugee mothers' experiences and perceptions of feeding young children since the onset of the conflict and following relocation to America or Israel.

Results: Four themes were identified from the narratives: culturally-based perceptions of young child nutrition; breastfeeding during the conflict and relocation; challenges with accessing nutritious food during the conflict and relocation; and food adaptation on relocation.

Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding in Israel during the COVID-19 pandemic: a subset of the IMAgiNE EURO cross-sectional study.

Background: Evidence has shown that restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic have negatively affected breastfeeding support and outcomes in hospitals in many countries. The aims of the study were to describe exclusive breastfeeding rates and identify factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge among women who gave birth during the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel.

Methods: A cross-sectional online anonymous survey based on WHO standards for improving quality of maternal and newborn care in health facilities was conducted among a sample of women who gave birth to a healthy singleton infant in Israel during the pandemic (between March 2020 and April 2022).

Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding at discharge during the COVID-19 pandemic in 17 WHO European Region countries.

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is the optimal infant nutrition, providing infants immunoprotection against many diseases including SARS-CoV-2 infection. Restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic may have negatively affected breastfeeding practices in maternity care facilities. The aims of the study were to examine exclusive breastfeeding rates at discharge over time and to identify factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding during the pandemic.

Pregnant Women's Perception of Secondhand Smoke Exposure.

Background: Birth outcomes including low birth weight, preterm birth, and delayed infant neurodevelopment are associated with secondhand smoke exposure while pregnant. The purpose of the study was to explore pregnant women's perspectives on secondhand smoke exposure to understand their experience and inform recommendations.

Study Design And Methods: Qualitative semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 secondhand smoke-exposed pregnant women in the United States.

Development and Interrater Reliability of the Lactation Assessment Care Tool.

Background: There have been no comprehensive predictive measurement instruments published that account for the dynamic interaction between maternal, infant, and functional factors related to breastfeeding difficulty. The Lactation Care Assessment Tool (LACT) was developed by the authors as a predictive measure of lactation acuity to identify families at risk for breastfeeding difficulty and facilitate access to the most effective level of care.

Research Aim: To describe the development, content validation, and interrater reliability of the LACT.

COVID-19 Pediatric Vaccination Attitudes Among Parents in Ohio.

Introduction: This study aimed to examine factors associated with parental intention to vaccinate children against COVID-19 in Ohio following pediatric vaccine approval in October 2021.

Method: Online anonymous surveys were distributed between November 2021 and January 2022 to parents in Ohio.

Results: Surveys were completed by 581 parents of whom 43.

Association between place of birth and timely breastfeeding initiation among Cambodian women: a population-based study.

Background: Enhancing timely breastfeeding initiation within the first hour postpartum is a goal the WHO's Early Essential Newborn Care (EENC) and Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) aim to achieve globally. However, many health professionals and facilities have yet to adopt these guidelines in Cambodia, impeding timely initiation progress and maternal-infant health goals.

Methods: This secondary data analysis used the 2014 Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey (CDHS) data of 2,729 women who gave birth in the two years preceding the survey to examine the association between place of birth and timely breastfeeding initiation.

Association Between a History of Hookah Use and Breastfeeding Duration.

There is limited evidence on the relationship between hookah use and breastfeeding. This study examines the association between a history of hookah use and breastfeeding duration among women in the United States. This cross-sectional study examined 96,392 women from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System (PRAMS) 2016-2019 data.

Association Between Influenza Vaccination During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Duration.

Prenatal vaccination and breastfeeding are both health promotional behaviors. The benefits of breastfeeding are widely investigated and well established, as well as the effectivity and the safety of the influenza vaccination. This study aimed to investigate the association between the prenatal health behavior of influenza vaccination and breastfeeding duration for at least 3 months in the United States.

Emergency and disaster response strategies to support mother-infant dyads during COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic has produced an unprecedented global health crisis. Vulnerable populations, such as breastfeeding mother-infant dyads, are in a particularly delicate situation. Before, during, and after birth mothers and their infants could be exposed to the virus.

Maternal Self-Confidence and Breastfeeding after Participating in a Program about Infant Prone Positioning.

Purpose: Maternal self-confidence facilitates infant growth and new mother role development. Infant ability to breastfeed and maternal breastfeeding self-confidence are imperative to helping mothers meet their breastfeeding goals. Consistent opportunity for infant movement in the prone position has been shown to improve breastfeeding ability; however, families report a lack of knowledge of how to safely support this activity.

Association between acculturation and sociodemographic factors and cardiovascular disease among immigrants to the United States.

Objective: This study investigated relationships among acculturation, sociodemographic, and health characteristics of adult U.S. immigrants and cardiovascular disease.

Illicit drug use and sexually transmitted infections among young adults in the US: evidence from a nationally representative survey.

Young people aged 15-24 years account for half of all new sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the United States. The aim of this study was to examine the cross-sectional associations of factors linked to STIs among US young adults (18-25 years). This study used the 2015-2018 pooled National Survey on Drug Use and Health data on 55,690 young adults.

Perceived risk of infection and smoking behavior change during COVID-19 in Ohio.

Objective: The recent COVID-19 pandemic may catalyze smoking behavior modification. The purpose of the study was to examine factors associated with reducing smoking exposure during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Design: Cross-sectional design using the Health Belief Model to develop an online survey distributed throughout Ohio early during the outbreak.

The Relationship Between Place of Birth and Early Breastfeeding Initiation in Indonesia.

Background: In many countries, hospital-based births are associated with the early initiation of breastfeeding, within the first hour postpartum, especially where the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative guidelines have been adopted. While Indonesia has adopted the guidelines, there is a relatively low rate of early breastfeeding initiation in the country.

Research Aim: To determine the relationship between place of birth and early breastfeeding initiation in Indonesia.

Incidence rates and clinical characteristics of primary gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a population study.

Background & Aims: After the rise of lymphoma incidence in the 1990's, there is a paucity of epidemiologic studies describing the characteristics of primary gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (PGIL). This epidemiologic survey aims to identify recent trends in PGIL.

Methods: A retrospective, population-based study describing adult patients with PGIL in the Israeli Negev region between 1998 and 2013.

Development and Psychometric Testing of the Maternal Nipple Shield Satisfaction Scale.

Background And Purpose: Nipple shield use is common among breastfeeding mothers, yet no instrument measures maternal satisfaction. The new Maternal Nipple Shield Satisfaction Scale (MNSSS) was evaluated for reliability and validity.

Methods: The MNSSS for was tested in two phases: women ( = 128) using nipple shields in the previous 6 months and the second, women, ( = 57) within the first 3 weeks postpartum.

Association Between Exclusive Breastfeeding and Infant Health Outcomes in Pakistan.

Purpose: The infant mortality rate in Pakistan is one of the highest in the world with most cases attributed to diarrheal or respiratory diseases. Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life is recommended by the World Health Organization to achieve optimal growth and health, however, in Pakistan the rate of exclusive breastfeeding by mothers is <40%. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of exclusive breastfeeding, diarrhea, acute respiratory infections and fever among infants under the age of 6 months.

Association Between Prenatal Smoking and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: To evaluate whether there is an association between prenatal smoking and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: We conducted a secondary data analysis using data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System from 2009 to 2015. Outcome measures included self-reported GDM and change in smoking status during pregnancy (nonsmoker, quit smoking, reduced the amount smoked, smoked the same or more).

Combined Influence of Gestational Diabetes and Gestational Weight Gain on Exclusive Breastfeeding.

Over half of pregnant women in the United States do not meet the recommended gestational weight gain (GWG). In addition, the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing. We examined the combined influence of GDM and GWG on breastfeeding practices on exclusive breastfeeding during the neonatal period and at 3 months postpartum.

Perspectives on Barriers and Facilitators in Caring for Women with Gestational Diabetes in Rural Appalachia.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore perspectives of healthcare providers in rural Appalachia who care for pregnant women with gestational diabetes, including management facilitators and barriers.

Study Design And Methods: Qualitative study with interviews and thematic analysis. Thematic analysis was conducted using the sort and sift method after inductive content analysis with open coding, identifying categories, and abstraction.

Association Between Stressful Life Events and Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Mothers in the United States.

Despite the known benefits of breastfeeding, many women in the United States do not exclusively breastfeed for the recommended 6 months due to various factors. Limited studies have examined the association between prenatal stressful life events and exclusive breastfeeding duration. The aim of this study was to examine the association between prenatal stressful life events and exclusive breastfeeding duration for 3 months among mothers in the United States.

Factors That Modify the Association of Maternal Postpartum Smoking and Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates.

Background And Objective: Maternal postpartum smoking increases the risk for poor infant health outcomes, while exclusive breastfeeding has been shown to support infant health. Limited population-based research has been published on the interaction between maternal smoking and exclusive breastfeeding. The objective of this study was to examine factors modifying the association between maternal postpartum smoking and exclusive breastfeeding among women in the United States.