A practical toolbox for the effective transition of adolescents and young adults with asthma and allergies: An EAACI position paper.

Introduction: Adolescence is a critical stage of rapid biological, emotional and social change and development. Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with asthma and allergies need to develop the knowledge and skills to self-manage their health independently. Healthcare professionals (HCP), parents and their wider network play an essential role in supporting AYA in this process.

Perceptions of adolescents and young adults with allergy and/or asthma and their parents on EAACI guideline recommendations about transitional care: A European survey.

Background: The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology has developed a guideline to provide evidence-based recommendations for healthcare professionals to support the transitional care of adolescents and young adults (AYA) with allergy and/or asthma. The goal of this work was to ensure that the draft recommendations are also important for patients.

Methods: We surveyed patients aged 11-25 years with allergy and/or asthma and their parents across Europe between 17 February and 16 March 2020.

Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in the British Isles.

Background: Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a delayed type of food allergy, most often seen in infancy. We aimed to estimate its incidence, to describe common food triggers and the patient journeys of this rare but serious condition.

Design: We undertook a prospective epidemiological survey of FPIES using the British Paediatric Surveillance Unit.

EAACI guidelines: Anaphylaxis (2021 update).

Anaphylaxis is a clinical emergency which all healthcare professionals need to be able to recognize and manage. The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Anaphylaxis multidisciplinary Task Force has updated the 2014 guideline. The guideline was developed using the AGREE II framework and the GRADE approach.

Current transition management of adolescents and young adults with allergy and asthma: a European survey.

Background: Transition from parent-delivered to self-management is a vulnerable time for adolescents and young adults (AYA) with allergy and asthma. There is currently no European guideline available for healthcare professionals (HCPs) on transition of these patients and local/national protocols are also mostly lacking.

Methods: European HCPs working with AYA with allergy and asthma were invited to complete an online survey assessing challenges of working with these patients, current transition practices and access to specific healthcare resources.

Anaphylaxis Refractory to intramuscular adrenaline during in-hospital food challenges: A case series and proposed management.

Background: Anaphylaxis is a severe, systemic hypersensitivity reaction that can be potentially life-threatening. Anaphylaxis during oral food challenge is not uncommon and can usually be effectively managed with intramuscular adrenaline as first line treatment. Although very rare, fatal anaphylaxis during in-hospital food challenge has been reported.

Diagnosing, managing and preventing anaphylaxis: Systematic review.

Background: This systematic review used the GRADE approach to compile evidence to inform the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology's (EAACI) anaphylaxis guideline.

Methods: We searched five bibliographic databases from 1946 to 20 April 2020 for studies about the diagnosis, management and prevention of anaphylaxis. We included 50 studies with 18 449 participants: 29 randomized controlled trials, seven controlled clinical trials, seven consecutive case series and seven case-control studies.

EAACI Guidelines on the effective transition of adolescents and young adults with allergy and asthma.

Adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients need additional support, while they experience the challenges associated with their age. They need specific training to learn the knowledge and skills required to confidently self-manage their allergies and/or asthma. Transitional care is a complex process, which should address the psychological, medical, educational and vocational needs of AYA in the developmentally appropriate way.

EAACI Allergen Immunotherapy User's Guide.

Allergen immunotherapy is a cornerstone in the treatment of allergic children. The clinical efficiency relies on a well-defined immunologic mechanism promoting regulatory T cells and downplaying the immune response induced by allergens. Clinical indications have been well documented for respiratory allergy in the presence of rhinitis and/or allergic asthma, to pollens and dust mites.

The effectiveness of interventions to improve self-management for adolescents and young adults with allergic conditions: A systematic review.

Background: This systematic review aimed to review the literature on interventions for improving self-management and well-being in adolescents and young adults (11-25 years) with asthma and allergic conditions.

Methods: A systematic literature search was undertaken across eight databases. References were checked by two reviewers for inclusion.

Understanding the challenges faced by adolescents and young adults with allergic conditions: A systematic review.

Background: Adolescence represents a vulnerable time for individuals with asthma and allergic conditions. They suffer an unexpected degree of morbidity. This systematic review aimed to understand the challenges faced by adolescents and young adults with these conditions.

Primary prevention of asthma in high-risk children using HDM SLIT: Assessment at age 6 years.

Treatment of high-risk infants with HDM SLIT during early life resulted in a trend for reduction in asthma rates mid-childhood. This may be a viable preventative therapy for childhood asthma.

Fifteen-minute consultation: A structured approach to the management of chronic cough in a child.

Coughing is a primary pulmonary defence mechanism that enhances clearance of secretions and particles from the airways and protects against aspiration of foreign materials. Coughing may affect 30% of children at any given time (1). Many are healthy children but some may have serious underlying disease.

RAD18-independent ubiquitination of proliferating-cell nuclear antigen in the avian cell line DT40.

Ubiquitination of proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) at K164 by RAD6/RAD18 has a key role in DNA damage tolerance in yeast. Here, we report on the first genetic study of this modification in a vertebrate cell. As in yeast, mutation of K164 of PCNA to arginine in the avian cell line DT40 results in sensitivity to DNA damage but, by contrast, the DT40 pcnaK164R mutant is more sensitive than the rad18 mutant.