Genomic and Phenotypic Characterization of sp. nov., Amicetin-Producing Actinobacteria Isolated from Bamboo Rhizospheric Soil.

In our large-scale search for antimicrobial-producing bacteria, we isolated an actinomycete strain from rhizospheric soil of . The strain designated BP-8 showed noticeable antibacterial activity. BP-8 was subjected to a whole-genome analysis via a polyphasic taxonomy approach, and its antibacterial metabolite was identified by HRLS-MS.

Two Phylogenetic Cohorts of the Nucleocapsid Protein NP and Their Correlation with the Host Range of Influenza A Viruses.

Influenza A virus has a wide natural areal among birds, mammals, and humans. One of the main regulatory adaptors of the virus host range is the major NP protein of the viral nucleocapsid. Phylogenetic analysis of the NP protein of different viruses has revealed the existence of two phylogenetic cohorts in human influenza virus population.

Performing a radical trachelectomy with uterine transposition in a patient with stage IB2 cervical cancer: A case report.

We describe a case of a woman with invasive IB2 cervical cancer who desired to maintain fertility and required complex treatment. The suggested surgical approach with uterine transposition improves the existing radical trachelectomy procedure. Oncologic outcomes are encouraging, and no perioperative complications were noted.

Cervicovaginal-Microbiome Analysis by 16S Sequencing and Real-Time PCR in Patients from Novosibirsk (Russia) with Cervical Lesions and Several Years after Cancer Treatment.

Disturbed cervicovaginal-microbiome (CVM) structure promotes human papillomavirus (HPV) persistence and reflects risks of cervical lesions and cancer onset and recurrence. Therefore, microbiomic biomarkers may be useful for cervical disease screening and patient management. Here, by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and commercial PCR-based diagnostic kits, we profiled CVM in cytological preparations from 140 HPV-tested women (from Novosibirsk, Russia) with normal cytological findings, cervical lesions, or cancer and from 101 women who had recently received different cancer therapies.

Disentangling the microbial ecological factors impacting honey bee susceptibility to Paenibacillus larvae infection.

Paenibacillus larvae is a spore-forming bacterial entomopathogen and causal agent of the important honey bee larval disease, American foulbrood (AFB). Active infections by vegetative P. larvae are often deadly, highly transmissible, and incurable for colonies but, when dormant, the spore form of this pathogen can persist asymptomatically for years.

Cancer Angiogenesis and Opportunity of Influence on Tumor by Changing Vascularization.

Based on the study of recent scientific literature devoted to neovascularization and angiogenesis in malignant neoplasms, it was concluded that there are many publications on each of the problems of tumor angiogenesis and vascularization. The formation of blood vessels in a tumor and certain aspects of the prognostic value of the severity of vascularization in almost all forms of cancer are considered. Special attention is paid to the peculiarities of angiogenesis in tumors of the female reproductive system.

Differential Selection on Caste-Associated Genes in a Subterranean Termite.

Analyzing the information-rich content of RNA can help uncover genetic events associated with social insect castes or other social polymorphisms. Here, we exploit a series of cDNA libraries previously derived from whole-body tissue of different castes as well as from three behaviourally distinct populations of the Eastern subterranean termite Reticulitermes flavipes. We found that the number (~0.

Radiotherapy resistance: identifying universal biomarkers for various human cancers.

Radiotherapy (RT) is considered as a standard in the treatment of most solid cancers, including glioblastoma, lung, breast, rectal, prostate, colorectal, cervical, esophageal, and head and neck cancers. The main challenge in RT is tumor cell radioresistance associated with a high risk of locoregional relapse and distant metastasis. Despite significant progress in understanding mechanisms of radioresistance, its prediction and overcoming remain unresolved.

Deteriorating microbiomes in agriculture - the unintended effects of pesticides on microbial life.

There is emerging concern regarding the unintentional and often unrecognized antimicrobial properties of "non-antimicrobial" pesticides. This includes insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides commonly used in agriculture that are known to produce broad ranging, off-target effects on beneficial wildlife, even at seemingly non-toxic low dose exposures. Notably, these obscure adverse interactions may be related to host-associated microbiome damage occurring from antimicrobial effects, rather than the presumed toxic effects of pesticides on host tissue.

New germline mutations in BRCA1, ATM, MUTYH, and RAD51D genes in Tuvans early-onset breast cancer patients.

Background: In Russia, more than 50,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) every year. Russia is a multinational country - about 200 ethnic groups live on its territory. Khakass, Buryats, Tuvans and other ethnic groups show higher rate of increase in BC incidence and a younger age of first diagnosed BC compared to Caucasian ethnicities.

No obvious transcriptome-wide signature of indirect selection in termites.

The evolution of sterile helper castes in social insects implies selection on genes that underlie variation in this nonreproductive phenotype. These focal genes confer no direct fitness and are presumed to evolve through indirect fitness effects on the helper's reproducing relatives. This separation of a gene's phenotypic effect on one caste and its fitness effect on another suggests that genes for this and other forms of reproductive altruism are buffered from selection and will thus evolve closer to the neutral rate than genes directly selected for selfish reproduction.

Lactobacillus spp. attenuate antibiotic-induced immune and microbiota dysregulation in honey bees.

Widespread antibiotic usage in apiculture contributes substantially to the global dissemination of antimicrobial resistance and has the potential to negatively influence bacterial symbionts of honey bees (Apis mellifera). Here, we show that routine antibiotic administration with oxytetracycline selectively increased tetB (efflux pump resistance gene) abundance in the gut microbiota of adult workers while concurrently depleting several key symbionts known to regulate immune function and nutrient metabolism such as Frischella perrera and Lactobacillus Firm-5 strains. These microbial changes were functionally characterized by decreased capped brood counts (marker of hive nutritional status and productivity) and reduced antimicrobial capacity of adult hemolymph (indicator of immune competence).

Gene-regulatory context of honey bee worker sterility.

The highly organized societies of the Western honey bee Apis mellifera feature a highly reproductive queen at the center of attention and a large cohort of daughters that suppress their own reproduction to help rear more sisters, some of whom become queens themselves. This reproductive altruism is peculiar because in theory it evolves via indirect selection on genes for altruism that are expressed in the sterile workers but not in the reproductive queens. In this study we attempt to situate lists of genes previously implicated in queenright worker sterility into a broader regulatory framework.

Fertility-Sparing Surgery Using Knitted TiNi Mesh Implants and Sentinel Lymph Nodes: A 10-Year Experience.

Objectives: The aim of this cohort study is to improve the procedure of fertility-sparing surgery and to assess oncological and reproductive follow-up outcomes after radical trachelectomy (RT) for cervical cancer (TNM).

Methods: We have suggested the method combining sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) and cervicoisthmic cerclage using a superelastic knitted TiNi mesh (KTNM) implant to facilitate the primary biomechanical/retention function of the uterus. Sixty-eight consented patients, who underwent fertility-sparing surgery using both transabdominal and laparoscopic route from 2009 through 2019, were recruited in the study and prospectively followed for a mean of 69 months.

Novel probiotic approach to counter Paenibacillus larvae infection in honey bees.

American foulbrood (AFB) is a highly virulent disease afflicting honey bees (Apis mellifera). The causative organism, Paenibacillus larvae, attacks honey bee brood and renders entire hives dysfunctional during active disease states, but more commonly resides in hives asymptomatically as inactive spores that elude even vigilant beekeepers. The mechanism of this pathogenic transition is not fully understood, and no cure exists for AFB.

Integral Hematologic Indices in the Evaluation of the Immunologic Reactivity of the Organism in a Patient With Complication of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case of Diabetic Retinopathy After Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplant.

The search continues for pathogenetically effective measures in autoimmune processes for a number of complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus, in particular, diabetic retinopathy. However, there are few studies of the prognostic and therapeutic values of the systemic autoimmune response in this pathology after transplant of autologous mesenchymal stem cells. Here, we present a 40-year-old patient with complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus (diabetic retinopathy) after mesenchymal stem cell transplant.

From gene list to gene network: Recognizing functional connections that regulate behavioral traits.

The study of social breeding systems is often gene focused, and the field of insect sociobiology has been successful at assimilating tools and techniques from molecular biology. One common output from sociogenomic studies is a gene list. Gene lists are readily generated from microarray, RNA sequencing, or other molecular screens that typically aim to prioritize genes based on the differences in their expression.

Molecular targets for the therapy of cancer associated with metabolic syndrome (transcription and growth factors).

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is one of the leading risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes mellitus and reproductive system diseases. Currently, not only cardiovascular disease and reproductive history risks related with MS are frequently discussed, but it has been also shown that MS is associated with increased risk of some common cancers (endometrial cancer, postmenopausal breast cancer, colorectal cancer, biliary tract cancers and liver cancer for men). Further studies are required to understand the mechanisms of the involvement of MS components in the pathogenesis of malignant neoplasms.

[Optimization of the extent of surgery in organ- preserving treatment for invasive cervical cancer (the role of sentinel lymph nodes study)].

The study included 44 patients with Stage Ia₁ - lb₁ cervi- cal cancer who underwent organ-preserving surgery (transab- dominal trachelectomy). To visualize sentinel lymph nodes - lymphoscintigraphy with injection of radioactive lymphotropic isotope - (99m)Tc-labelled nanocolloid was injected a day before surgery. Intraoperative identification of sentinel lymph nodes using gamma probe was carried out to assess, which lymph nodes had taken up the radionuclide.

[Serum adipokines and their receptors in endometrial and colon cancer patients: relationship with tumor invasion and metastasis].

The aim of the study was to investigate the serum adipokine levels and expression of adipokine receptors (AdipoR1, AdipoR2) in patients with endometrial and colon cancer in relation with the main clinical morphological parameters (tumor invasion, lymph node involvement). The study included 60 endometrial cancer patients with I-II Stage and 31 patients with colon cancer (T2-4N0-2M0). Serum adipokine levels, the level of soluble form of the leptin receptor (sOb-R) and AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 expression were evaluated with ELISA.

[Chymotripsin-like activity and subunit composition of proteasomes in human cancers].

Activity of the proteasome, polyfunctional enzymatic complex, is known to undergo changes during cancer development. This phenomenon is, probably, caused by the changes in subunit composition of proteasomes. In present work, we studied chymotrypsin-like activity of proteasomes, subunit composition and their association in breast cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, endometrial cancer, renal cancer, bladder cancer, stomach cancer and colorectal cancer.

No genetic tradeoffs between hygienic behaviour and individual innate immunity in the honey bee, Apis mellifera.

Many animals have individual and social mechanisms for combating pathogens. Animals may exhibit short-term physiological tradeoffs between social and individual immunity because the latter is often energetically costly. Genetic tradeoffs between these two traits can also occur if mutations that enhance social immunity diminish individual immunity, or vice versa.

[Relationship between the expression levels of PAPP-A metalloproteinase and growth and transcriptional factors in endometrial cancer].

We have examined for the first time the relationship between the expression of PAPP-A metalloproteinase and insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I, IGF-II, VEGF) and transcription factors (NF-kappaB, HIF-1) playing an important role in pathogenesis of cancer. We also demonstrated a positive association between the level of PAPP-A metalloproteinase and the level of growth (VEGF and IGF-I) and transcription factors (NF-kappaB p50, NF-kappaB p65, HIF-1alpha). The current findings suggest an important role of PAPP-A in regulation of bioavailability of IGF-I, VEGF, activated forms of NF-kappaB, and alpha-subunits of HIF-1 in endometrial tumors.

[Specifics of hormonal and energy balance in patients with hyperplasia and endometrial neoplasia with metabolic syndrome in the background].

We conducted a comparative investigation of the hormonal status (LH, FSH, estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, prolactin, SHBG), energy status (leptin, ghrelin, insulin), and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients with endometrial hyperplasia and neoplasia (168 patients) with or without metabolic syndrome in the background. Patients with metabolic syndrome had a high frequency of elevated estrogen (72%), testosterone (65%), insulin (81%), leptin (68%). There was a marked increase in the basal level of luteinizing hormone, prolactin, index, LH/FSH, but decrease in FSH and progesterone.

Proteasome activity and their subunit composition in endometrial cancer tissue: correlations with clinical morphological parameters.

The development of endometrial cancer is related to the status of the intracellular proteasome system. Total proteasome activity and pools 26S and 20S activities are higher in tumor tissue than in intact endometrium, and their composition is different. The expression of α1α2α3α5α6α7 is lower in endometrial cancer tissue in comparison with intact endometrium and the content of immune subunits LMP7, LMP2, and PA28β is increased.