[Clinical classification of incomitant strabismus].

Based on study of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical course, results of treatment of 489 patients aged from 1 till 73 years old with incomitant strabismus and integration of literature data clinical classification of incomitant strabismus was developed. Classification considers type and degree of extraocular muscle impairment (paralysis, palsy, pseudoparalysis, atypical forms), localization of damage (III, IV, VI cranial nerves, concurrent nerve damage), level of damage (cranial, orbital, combined), etiology and pathogenesis (local or systemic disease), age of manifestation (congenital, early and lately acquired), clinical manifestations (direction of globe deviation, forced head position, amblyopia, orbital fractures and soft tissue entrapment), presence of binocular diplopia (in primary or all gaze directions, in secondary gaze directions, without diplopia).

[Clinical picture and treatment of diplopia].

A total of 203 patients with stable binocular diplopia were observed. Examinations included coordimetry, analysis of double images, and investigation of the doubling field in the gaze field. All examinations were performed using an original method with a serial computer.

[Visual function of automobile drivers during the workday].

Peculiarities of drivers' work require visual strain. The studies prove considerable changes in accommodation (value of absolute and resources of relative accommodation), muscular balance, visual performance in correction test, that prove visual fatigue of automobile drivers, especially aged 20 to 30.

[State of binocular vision and comparative assessment of methods of its study in motor vehicle drivers].

Ophthalmologic study covered 100 truck drivers (categories C and E according to International Classification) aged 21 to 50 and with length of service from 2 to 25 years. Comparative evaluation of various methods studying deep and stereoscopic vision proved that professional drivers have high values of deep and stereoscopic vision. Those values appeared to correlate strongly and positively (r = 0.

[Ophthalmologic causes of traffic accidents].

The review deals with association of traffic accidents and visual state of drivers. The study in healthy professional drivers covered influence of visual defect patterns (short sight, lower visual acuity, unilateral amblyopia and single eye) on quality of car driving. The driving quality appeared to be influenced by factor causing lower visual acuity (changes in refraction and opacity of transparent eye structures).

[Morphofunctional status of the small intestine after disruption of its extrinsic innervation].

Within 6 months after decentralization of the rat and dog intestine, signs of reinnervation appear. Hypersecretion of the intestine juice, a decrease in the acetylcholine and noradrenaline contents, reduction of the invertase and alkaline phosphatase activity in the juice and homogenate of the small intestine occur during first weeks. The activating effect of the food on transmitter-enzymatic processes weakens whereas activity of the enteral nervous system is enhanced.

[Cholinergic and hormonal correlations in the regulation of the secretory function of the small intestine].

Chronic experiments in dogs with isolated loop of the small intestine and acute experiments in rats revealed specific interrelationships between the gastrin and the cholinergic activity: pentagastrin potentiated its effects by activation of cholinergic processes in the intestinal mucosa (increasing the acetylcholin content and the cholinesterase activity). The hormone activates the intestinal juice and enzyme secretion as well. The invertase and alkaline phosphatase activities intensify in the dense portion of the juice and in the tissue homogenate.