[The complex prophylaxis of thromboembolism in oncourologic patients].

One of the major complications in oncourological patients in the hospital is the development of thromboembolic complications. This article is devoted to analysis of the results of the comprehensive prevention of thromboembolic complications in 1006 patients that have received surgical treatment in the Scientific research institute of urology in the period 2009-2011. Carried out the comparative estimation of efficiency of elastic bandaging and elastic compressive knitted wear as a means of non-medicamental prevention of thromboembolic complications in of oncourology.

[The role of low-field strength magnetic resonance imaging in bladder cancer staging].

This article shows the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in complex diagnostics of urinary bladder cancer. The paper analyzes the authors' own data of urinary bladder MRI in 40 patients with histologically proven bladder cancer. This study demonstrates the additional capacities of low-field strength MRI with enhanced technique including conventional T1-, T2-weighted images along with FLAIR and PD images.

[Heterotopic urine derivation in females with urinary bladder extrophy].

Fifteen females aged from 17 to 31 years with bladder extrophy (the condition after ureterosygmostomy) have undergone heterotopic urine derivation with creation of a cutaneous urine-retention catheter mechanism. Surgery was indicated in progressive decline of renal function in the presence of renal reflux, total urine incontinence in the failure of pelvic floor muscles and rectal sphyncter apparatus. Creation of cutaneous urine-retention catheter mechanism was made by the following techniques: heterotopic plastic repair from the ileocecal angle by Mainz pouch I (11 patients, 73.

[Efficacy of detection of specific nuclear protein of matrix 22 in the urine in diagnosis of urinary bladder cancer].

The method is based on enzyme immunoassay for definition of nuclear matrix proteins forming part of the cell nuclear capsule. Quantity of these proteins increase 20-80 times in cancer of the bladder. A total of 83 patients participated in the trial.

[Oncology and urology: relations between specialities].

The article presents the analysis of present-day medical care for patients with urogenital cancer (UGC) in the Russian Federation (RF). In 2004 cancer treatment service in the RF has 8 Research Cancer and Radiological Institutes, 110 inpatient and 7 outpatient cancer clinics. According to the statistics for 1998, UGC patients are treated in 32 specialized departments in 24 regions.

[Endoscopic operations in invasive cancer of the urinary bladder].

Long-term results of conservative treatment of 153 patients with invasive cancer of the urinary bladder were studied retrospectively. The patients had stage T2 (n=121, 79.1%), T3 (n=26, 17%), T4 (n=6, 3.

[Application of principles of evidence-based medicine in cancer of the urinary bladder].

Meta-analysis has been made to answer the question whether a proven advantage exists of chemotherapy of locally advanced and metastatic cancer of the urinary bladder (UB) with gemcitabine+cisplatin over the scheme M-VAC. The data for 1990-2002 obtained from the data base Medline, library of Cocrane Association, proceedings of the symposia and conferences, publications in domestic periodicals Urologiya, Voprosy Onkologii covered 3477 items on UB cancer. Nine publications were selected which seem to use significant information in terms of evidence-based medicine.

[Diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer].

The authors present a retrospective analysis of the results of transurethral conservative and radical operations in 125 patients with invasive cancer of the urinary bladder (UB) treated in the Research Institute of Urology throughout 1992-2002. Transurethral resection (TUR) of the UB was made in 72 patients. Stages pT2a, pT2b, T3 and T4 were diagnosed in 23 (31.

[Standardization and its importance in rendering medical care to patients with cancer of the bladder].

There are only as many as 31 specialized oncourological departments in 24 of 89 (27%) Federation Subjects in the Russian Federation that can render the oncourological care at the municipal and federal levels. As for other remaining 65 (73%) Subjects, the urologists are preoccupied with diagnosis and treatment of urinary-bladder cancer in them. Russian patient-care facilities have presently differing opportunities in the sphere of diagnosis and treatment of the mentioned pathology.

[Indications for one-stage and delayed urethrectomy after radical cystectomy in patients with invasive cancer of the urinary bladder].

Our aim was to determine indications for urethrectomy in patients with muscle-invasive cancer of the urinary bladder (UBC) which is essential for choice of urine derivation. A total of 51 patients with invasive UBC at the age of 33-78 years (mean age 60 years) were treated: 7 patients with pT2bN0M0, 1 patient with pT2bN1M0, 18 patients with pT3aN0M0, 3 patients with pT3aN1M0, 14 patients with pT3bN0M0, 6 patients with pT4aN0M0, 2 patients with pT4bN0M0. Urethrectomy was indicated for men with involvement of the prostatic urethra (stage t4a) and urinary bladder cervix, multiple tumors of the bladder, pelvic lymph node lesions, detection of tumor cells by instant biopsy in the free urethral edge, poor differentiation of the tumor (G3) in combination with one of the above factors, emergence of urethrorrhagia late after cystectomy; for women with involvement of the bladder cervix and Lieutaud's triangle in combination with poor differentiation of the tumor cells (G3).

[Organization of care for patients with urinary bladder cancer in the Russian Federation and approaches to its improvement based on standardization of a diagnostic and therapeutic process].

Present-day medical facilities for treating patients with cancer of the urinary bladder in the Russian Federation (RF) are insufficient. In 1998, urological cancer in RF was managed only in 31 specialized departments working in 24 of 89 (27%) administrative units of the RF. In the other 65 (73%) units only urologists deal with diagnosis and treatment of urinary bladder cancer.

[Activities of a consultation and diagnostic polyclinic for AIDS and AIDS-related infections].

The analysis of curative and diagnostic work of AIDS counselling and diagnostic units (CDU) showed that during a year and a half 15,000 people had been screened, 27 of these were identified as persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 4 persons identified at other places, were registered for followup. It was found that 51.3 percent of people were screened anonymously, reason for screening being epidemiological indications--history of blood transfusions, homosexual contacts, irregular sexual intercourse.