Int J Gynaecol Obstet
November 2024
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted virus, whose persistent infection is the main reason for invasive cervical cancer (ICC), which is the fourth most common type of cancer in women, with more than 500 000 new cases every year. After infection, various alterations occur in the host, facilitating the virus's evasion of immune system clearance and promoting its proliferation. Oral probiotic consumption can influence the whole body's immunity, inflammatory reflection, neural, endocrine humoral, metabolic pathways and other organs by adjusting the components of gut microbiota (GM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGrowing evidence has highlighted that mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to drug-induced toxicities and leads to drug attrition and post-market withdrawals. The acetylation or deacetylation of mitochondrial proteins can affect mitochondrial functions as the cells adapt to various cellular stresses and other metabolic challenges. SIRTs act as critical deacetylases in modulating mitochondrial function in response to drug toxicity, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and energy metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFvar. angustifolia Thw. (Annonaceae), is a famous traditional medicinal plant in Asia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The development of new vasculatures (angiogenesis) is indispensable in supplying oxygen and nutrients to fuel tumor growth. Epigenetic dysregulation in the tumor vasculature is critical to colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. Sirtuin (SIRT) enzymes are highly expressed in blood vessels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe previously reported that breast milk from women with (W) or without (WO) vaginal yeast infection during pregnancy differs in its immunological and antimicrobial properties, especially against pathogenic vaginal sp.. Here, we investigated the differences in microbiota profiles of breast milk from these groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this study was to investigate the different immunological and antimicrobial properties of breast milk from women with (W) or without (WO) vaginal yeast infections during pregnancy in 85 lactating women (W, n = 43; WO, n = 42). Concentrations of IL-10, IgA, IgM, IgG, EGF, and TGF-α were similar in both groups. However, breast milk of women aged below 31 years old from the W-group showed higher concentration of EGF than the WO-group ( = 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer is the second leading cause of mortality globally which remains a continuing threat to human health today. Drug insensitivity and resistance are critical hurdles in cancer treatment; therefore, the development of new entities targeting malignant cells is considered a high priority. Targeted therapy is the cornerstone of precision medicine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Pancreatic cancer is the most aggressive cancer type. Gemcitabine is the first line chemo-drug used for pancreatic cancer but exerts a broad spectrum of organ toxicities and adverse effects in patients.
Aim: To evaluate the anti-tumour activity and toxicological effects of extract formulation (ID: C5EOSEW5050ESA trademarked as Nuva-static), and gemcitabine combination on pancreatic xenograft model.
Efforts in precision medicine to combat aberrant epigenome have led to the development of epigenetic targeting drugs. We have previously reported the capability of the BZD9L1 epigenetic modulator to impede colorectal tumour growth in vitro and in vivo through sirtuin (SIRT) inhibition. Although most benzimidazole derivatives are commonly less toxic, their effects on SIRTs and cytochrome P450 (CYP) regulations have not been explored alongside toxicity assessments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfection by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) causes genetic alterations in host cervical cells with consequent changes in gene expression affecting downstream molecular pathways, leading to the development of cervical cancer. In this exploratory study, we aimed to identify the perturbed cellular pathways during the various stages of cervical carcinogenesis. Total RNA was extracted from three formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples each of normal cervix, HPV-infected low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), high-grade SIL (HSIL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe previously reported on the effects of a lactobacilli probiotic (SynForU-HerCare; two capsules/day of 9.5 log CFU/capsule) in improving symptoms of vaginal irritation, discharge and burning in pregnant women with vaginal candidiasis upon administration for 8 weeks, accompanied by improved emotional and social quality of life parameters. Thus, the present study aimed to analyse vaginal microbiota and inflammatory changes in hope to better understand the improved clinical symptoms as observed previously.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTitanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) have been proven to be potential candidates in cancer therapy, particularly photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, the application of TiO NPs is limited due to the fast recombination rate of the electron (e)/hole (h) pairs attributed to their broader bandgap energy. Thus, surface modification has been explored to shift the absorption edge to a longer wavelength with lower e/h recombination rates, thereby allowing penetration into deep-seated tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a highly angiogenic cancer. Manic fringe (MFng) is elevated in ccRCC compared to the normal kidney. However, its role in ccRCC tumour angiogenesis remains elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer and has the highest mortality rate among genitourinary cancers. Despite the advances in molecular targeted therapies to treat RCC, the inevitable emergence of resistance has delineated the need to uncover biomarkers to prospectively identify patient response to treatment and more accurately predict patient prognosis. Fringe is a fucose specific β1, 3N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase that modifies the Notch receptors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBZD9L1 was previously described as a SIRT1/2 inhibitor with anti-cancer activities in colorectal cancer (CRC), either as a standalone chemotherapy or in combination with 5-fluorouracil. BZD9L1 was reported to induce apoptosis in CRC cells; however, the network of intracellular pathways and crosstalk between molecular players mediated by BZD9L1 is not fully understood. This study aimed to uncover the mechanisms involved in BZD9L1-mediated cytotoxicity based on previous and new findings for the prediction and identification of related pathways and key molecular players.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBreast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a heterogeneous population of cells in the solid tumour microenvironment. These cells are positively linked to breast cancer progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: We aimed to determine the biological processes and pathways involved in cervical carcinogenesis associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
Materials And Methods: Total RNA was extracted from three formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples each of normal cervix, HPV-infected low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), high-grade SIL (HSIL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Transcriptomic profiling by microarrays was conducted followed by downstream Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses.
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) have attracted tremendous interest owing to their unique physicochemical properties. However, the cytotoxic effect of TiO NPs remains an obstacle for their wide-scale applications, particularly in drug delivery systems and cancer therapies. In this study, the more biocompatible nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) were successfully incorporated onto the surface of the TiO NPs resulting in a N-GQDs/TiO nanocomposites (NCs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDF() is widely consumed for its medidcinal value including anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, and diuretic properties. The present study evaluates the cytoprotective, anti-mutagenic, and anticlastogenic efficacies of standardized extract of . Normal liver cell line (WRL68) exposed to hydrogen peroxide and serum-deprived media as insults to evaluate cytoprotective and glutathione activation activities of (Et.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Minichromosome maintenance complex (MCM) proteins are essential for the process of DNA replication and cell division. This study aimed to evaluate MCM genes expression profiles and MCM2 protein in HPV-associated cervical carcinogenesis.
Methodology: MCM2, 4, 5 and 7 genes expression profiles were evaluated in three cervical tissue samples each of normal cervix, human papillomavirus (HPV)-infected low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), using Human Transcriptome Array 2.
Background: This study aims to investigate the combination effect of a novel sirtuin inhibitor (BZD9L1) with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and to determine its molecular mechanism of action in colorectal cancer (CRC).
Methods: BZD9L1 and 5-FU either as single treatment or in combination were tested against CRC cells to evaluate synergism in cytotoxicity, senescence and formation of micronucleus, cell cycle and apoptosis, as well as the regulation of related molecular players. The effects of combined treatments at different doses on stress and apoptosis, migration, invasion and cell death mechanism were evaluated through two-dimensional and three-dimensional cultures.
Pain can have a significantly negative impact on the quality of life of patients. Therefore, patients may resort to analgesics to relieve the pain. The struggle to manage pain in cancer patients effectively and safely has long been an issue in medicine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women. Infection by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main aetiology for the development of cervical cancer. Infection by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) and the integration of the HPV genome into the host chromosome of cervical epithelial cells are key early events in the neoplastic progression of cervical lesions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe development of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature is called angiogenesis. The growth of tumors depends on a network of supplying vessels that provide them with oxygen and nutrients. Pro-angiogenic factors that are secreted by tumors will trigger the sprouting of nearby existing blood vessels towards themselves and therefore researchers have developed targeted therapy towards these pro-angiogenic proteins to inhibit angiogenesis.
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