In vivo MRS study of long-term effects of traumatic intracranial injection of a culture medium in mice.

Orthotopic transplantation of glioblastoma cells in the brain of laboratory mice is a common animal model for studying brain tumors. It was shown that 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) enables monitoring of the tumor's occurrence and its development during therapy based on the ratio of several metabolites. However, in studying new approaches to the therapy of glioblastoma in the model of orthotopic xenotransplantation of glioma cells into the brain of mice, it is necessary to understand which metabolites are produced by a growing tumor and which are the result of tumor cells injection along the modeling of the pathology.

INDICATORS OF DENTAL HEALTH AND LOCAL IMMUNITY IN YOUNG ADULTS WHO HAVE SUFFERED FROM CORONAVIRUS INFECTION.

Objective: The aim: To determine the dental status and state of local immunity in young adults who have suffered from the coronavirus disease.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The main group consisted of 30 people aged 20-22 years, who suffered from the coronavirus infection Covid19 6.1±1.

CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE COURSE OF CARIES IN YOUNG PEOPLE WHO HAVE SUFFERED A CORONAVIRUS INFECTION.

Objective: The aim: To establish the clinical and immunological features of the course of caries in young people who have suffered from the coronavirus disease.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The main group consisted of 30 people aged 20,6±2,4 years who suffered from the Covid19 coronavirus infection 6,1±1,2 months ago. All patients underwent a dental and immunological examination.

Discovering Glioma Tissue through Its Biomarkers' Detection in Blood by Raman Spectroscopy and Machine Learning.

The most commonly occurring malignant brain tumors are gliomas, and among them is glioblastoma multiforme. The main idea of the paper is to estimate dependency between glioma tissue and blood serum biomarkers using Raman spectroscopy. We used the most common model of human glioma when continuous cell lines, such as U87, derived from primary human tumor cells, are transplanted intracranially into the mouse brain.

Label-free laser spectroscopy for respiratory virus detection: A review.

Infectious diseases are among the most severe threats to modern society. Current methods of virus infection detection based on genome tests need reagents and specialized laboratories. The desired characteristics of new virus detection methods are noninvasiveness, simplicity of implementation, real-time, low cost and label-free detection.

A Rat Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome Causes Phenotype-Associated Morphological Changes and Hypofunction of the Adrenal Gland.

Background: Rats exposed to chronic predator scent stress mimic the phenotype of complex post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in humans, including altered adrenal morphology and function. High- and low-anxiety phenotypes have been described in rats exposed to predator scent stress (PSS). This study aimed to determine whether these high- and low-anxiety phenotypes correlate with changes in adrenal histomorphology and corticosteroid production.

Cellular effects of terahertz waves.

Significance: An increasing interest in the area of biological effects at exposure of tissues and cells to the terahertz (THz) radiation is driven by a rapid progress in THz biophotonics, observed during the past decades. Despite the attractiveness of THz technology for medical diagnosis and therapy, there is still quite limited knowledge about safe limits of THz exposure. Different modes of THz exposure of tissues and cells, including continuous-wave versus pulsed radiation, various powers, and number and duration of exposure cycles, ought to be systematically studied.

Malignant and benign thyroid nodule differentiation through the analysis of blood plasma with terahertz spectroscopy.

The liquid and lyophilized blood plasma of patients with benign or malignant thyroid nodules and healthy individuals were studied by terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy and machine learning. The blood plasma samples from malignant nodule patients were shown to have higher absorption. The glucose concentration and miRNA-146b level were correlated with the sample's absorption at 1 THz.

Terahertz radiation and the skin: a review.

Significance: Terahertz (THz) radiation has demonstrated a great potential in biomedical applications over the past three decades, mainly due to its non-invasive and label-free nature. Among all biological specimens, skin tissue is an optimal sample for the application of THz-based methods because it allows for overcoming some intrinsic limitations of the technique, such as a small penetration depth (0.1 to 0.

Terahertz spectroscopy of diabetic and non-diabetic human blood plasma pellets.

Significance: The creation of fundamentally new approaches to storing various biomaterial and estimation parameters, without irreversible loss of any biomaterial, is a pressing challenge in clinical practice. We present a technology for studying samples of diabetic and non-diabetic human blood plasma in the terahertz (THz) frequency range.

Aim: The main idea of our study is to propose a method for diagnosis and storing the samples of diabetic and non-diabetic human blood plasma and to study these samples in the THz frequency range.

Offensive Behavior, Striatal Glutamate Metabolites, and Limbic-Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Responses to Stress in Chronic Anxiety.

Variations in anxiety-related behavior are associated with individual allostatic set-points in chronically stressed rats. Actively offensive rats with the externalizing indicators of sniffling and climbing the stimulus and material tearing during 10 days of predator scent stress had reduced plasma corticosterone, increased striatal glutamate metabolites, and increased adrenal 11-dehydrocorticosterone content compared to passively defensive rats with the internalizing indicators of freezing and grooming, as well as to controls without any behavioral changes. These findings suggest that rats that display active offensive activity in response to stress develop anxiety associated with decreased allostatic set-points and increased resistance to stress.

Optimal hyperosmotic agents for tissue immersion optical clearing in terahertz biophotonics.

In this work, a thorough analysis of hyperosmotic agents for the immersion optical clearing (IOC) in terahertz (THz) range was performed. It was aimed at the selection of agents for the efficient enhancement of penetration depth of THz waves into biological tissues. Pulsed spectroscopy in the frequency range of 0.

Hexobarbital Sleep Test for Predicting the Susceptibility or Resistance to Experimental Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

Hexobarbital sleep test (HST) was performed in male Wistar rats (hexobarbital 60 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 days prior to stress exposure.

From Allostatic Load to Allostatic State-An Endogenous Sympathetic Strategy to Deal With Chronic Anxiety and Stress?

The concepts of allostatic load and overload, i. e., a dramatic increase in the allostatic load that predisposes to disease, have been extensively described in the literature.

Terahertz spectroscopy of gelatin-embedded human brain gliomas of different grades: a road toward intraoperative THz diagnosis.

We applied terahertz (THz)-pulsed spectroscopy to study ex vivo the refractive index and absorption coefficient of human brain gliomas featuring different grades, as well as perifocal regions containing both intact and edematous tissues. Glioma samples from 26 patients were considered and analyzed according to further histological examination. In order to fix tissues for the THz measurements, we applied gelatin embedding, which allows for sustaining their THz response unaltered, as compared to that of the freshly excised tissues.

Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy for non-invasive assessment of water content in biological samples.

We apply terahertz time-domain spectroscopy for the quantitative non-invasive assessment of the water content in biological samples, such as tree leaves and pork muscles. The developed experimental terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system operates both in transmission and reflection modes. The Landau-Looyenga-Lifshitz-based model is used for the calculation of the water concentration within the samples.

Nanoantenna-assisted plasmonic enhancement of IR absorption of vibrational modes of organic molecules.

Nanoantenna-assisted plasmonic enhancement of IR absorption and Raman scattering was employed for studying the vibrational modes in organic molecules. Ultrathin cobalt phthalocyanine films (3 nm) were deposited on Au nanoantenna arrays with specified structural parameters. The deposited organic films reveal the enhancement of both Raman scattering and IR absorption vibrational modes.

Effects of Intraperitoneal Administration of Mifepristone on Glucocorticoid Status of Experimental Animals.

We studied the content of corticosterone and its precursors in the adrenal glands, corticosterone in blood serum and daily urine of rats, and activity of first and second isoforms of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the liver and kidneys of rats after 15 daily intraperitoneal injections of 0.9% NaCl or glucocorticoid receptor blocker mifepristone in 0.9% NaCl.

Native fluorescence spectroscopy of blood plasma of rats with experimental diabetes: identifying fingerprints of glucose-related metabolic pathways.

We present the results of a native fluorescence spectroscopy study of blood plasma of rats with experimental diabetes. It was shown that the fluorescence emission band shape at 320 nm excitation is the most indicative of hyperglycemia in the blood plasma samples. We provide the interpretation of this fact based on the changes in reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate concentration due to glucose-related metabolic pathways and protein fluorescent cross-linking formation following nonenzymatic glycation.

Activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the adrenal glands, liver, and kidneys of rats with experimental diabetes.

We studied activity of the key enzyme of the pre-receptor metabolism of glucocorticoid hormones, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, in rat adrenal glands, renal cortex and liver in the course of development of alloxan diabetes (9, 20, and 28 day). The enzyme activity was increased 3-4 fold in the adrenal glands throughout the experiment. At the same time, according to the adrenal gland level of corticosterone, its precursor 11-deoxycorticosterone and reversible metabolite 11-dehydrocorticosterone, activity of the second isoform of the enzyme dominated at the early stages of diabetes, and that of the first isoform, at later stages.

[Adrenocortical and renin-angiotensin systems in dynamics of experimental diabetes].

Components of the adrenocortical system (adrenal and blood corticosteroid hormones and hepatic and renal 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity) and also activity of the most important enzyme of the renin-angiotensin system, tissue and blood angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) have been investigated in dynamics of alloxan diabetes. The study has shown that the initial period of diabetes is characterized by activation of synthesis and secretion of adrenocortical hormones into blood. High blood glucose and glucocorticoid honnones increase activity of the renin-angiotensin system in lungs and decrease ACE secretion into blood.

Effects of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate on the conversion of corticosterone into 11-dehydrocorticosterone in stress: a regulatory scheme.

In male rats, repeated but not single exposures to stress increased the conversion of corticosterone (CS) to 11-dehydrocorticosterone (11-DHCS), particularly on the background of administration of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS). Naltrexone given 20 min before DHEAS at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg, at which it selectively blocks mu opioid receptors, prevented this effect of DHEAS, which is evidence that it is mediated by mu opioid receptors.

Functional state of adrenocortical system in rats with manifest alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus.

In the adrenals of male rats with manifest form of alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus (blood glucose >20 mmol/liter), the content of progesterone was higher by 1.6 times, deoxycorticosterone by 2.5 times, corticosterone by 3.