Traumatic Brain Injury Incidence, Clinical Overview, and Policies in the US Military Health System Since 2000.

Exposure to explosive armaments during Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom contributed to approximately 14% of the 352 612 traumatic brain injury (TBI) diagnoses in the US military between 2000 and 2016. The US Department of Defense issued guidelines in 2009 to (1) standardize TBI diagnostic criteria; (2) classify TBI according to mechanism and severity; (3) categorize TBI symptoms as somatic, psychological, or cognitive; and (4) systematize types of care given during the acute and rehabilitation stages of TBI treatment. Polytrauma and associated psychological and neurologic conditions may create barriers to optimal rehabilitation from TBI.

Acupuncture for treatment of insomnia in patients with traumatic brain injury: a pilot intervention study.

Objectives: : To assess the efficacy of acupuncture in treating insomnia in traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors as compared to medication, to determine whether acupuncture has fewer cognitive and affective adverse effects than does medication.

Participants: : Twenty-four adult TBI survivors, randomized to acupuncture or control arms.

Setting: : Outpatient rehabilitation clinic.