Value-based health care for Aboriginal peoples with chronic conditions in the Northern Territory: a cohort study.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate associations between patient activation, healthcare use and clinical outcomes for Aboriginal peoples living with a chronic condition in remote Northern Territory (NT) communities.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was undertaken between 2 April 2020 and 1 April 2022 to measure activation and its associations with chronic conditions secondary prevention treatment targets and healthcare usage: hospitalisations, potentially preventable hospitalisations and patient travel. All Aboriginal peoples enrolled at NT Government health services, who had one or more preventable chronic conditions and were prescribed one or more oral chronic condition medications identified in the Primary Care Information System, were included in the study.

The role of heparan sulfate in enhancing the chemotherapeutic response in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Breast cancer, one of the most common forms of cancer, is associated with the highest cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. In comparison to other types of breast cancer, patients diagnosed with the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype have the worst outcome because current therapies do not produce long-lasting responses. Hence, innovative therapies that produce persisting responses are a critical need.

Clinical outcomes of early-stage triple-negative breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy according to HER2-low status☆.

Background: The impact of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on outcomes in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (eTNBC) is unclear. Using a large, multi-institutional cohort, we evaluated outcomes by HER2 IHC status in patients with eTNBC who received neoadjuvant therapy (NAT).

Patients And Methods: Patients with stage I-III TNBC who received NAT and underwent surgery from January 2016 to June 2019 were identified from three databases.

Gender Differential Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity, Hypertension and Diabetes in South India: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: India is facing triple epidemic of Non communicable diseases (NCDs) including high body mass index (BMI), high blood pressure and high blood glucose, contributing to more than half of deaths of all mortality, however, information in different demographics is limited, especially, in India. The aim of the study is to compare the prevalence of overweight, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes, along with the occurrence of multi-morbidity, across gender-specific populations in rural, suburban, and urban regions of India.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, population-based study including adults aged 20 and above in rural, suburban, and urban areas near Coimbatore, India.

The survival benefit of adjuvant trastuzumab with or without chemotherapy in the management of small (T1mic, T1a, T1b, T1c), node negative HER2+ breast cancer.

There is limited data regarding the added benefit of adjuvant systemic therapy in the management of small, node-negative, HER2+ breast cancer. In a multi-institutional retrospective analysis using the American Society of Clinical Oncology CancerLinQ database, we compared survival outcomes among T1a-c N0 HER2+ patients diagnosed between 2010 to 2021 who received locoregional therapy alone or in combination with adjuvant trastuzumab (+/- chemotherapy). Primary outcomes were invasive disease-free survival (iDFS) and overall survival (OS).

Real-world treatment patterns of adjuvant endocrine therapy and ovarian suppression in premenopausal HR+/HER2+ breast cancer.

Background: The optimal adjuvant endocrine therapy (ET) in hormone receptor positive (HR+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2+) premenopausal breast cancer (BC) remains unclear. Moreover, the benefit and clinical indications of ovarian suppression (OS) is poorly elucidated. We described real-world patterns surrounding choice of ET and clinicopathologic features which predicted treatment with OS in a contemporary cohort of premenopausal women with HR+/HER2+ BC.

Potent Estrogen Receptor β Agonists with Inhibitory Activity , Fail to Suppress Xenografts of Endocrine-Resistant Cyclin-dependent Kinase 4/6 inhibitor-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells.

Objective: Seventy percent of newly diagnosed breast cancers are estrogen receptor-α positive and HER2/neu negative [1]. First-line treatments incorporate endocrine therapy and cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors [2]. However, therapy resistance occurs in most patients [3-5].

Evaluation of Microbial Adherence on Antibacterial Suture Materials during Intraoral Wound Healing: A Prospective Comparative Study.

Aim: To assess the efficacy of antiseptic-coated silk sutures with triclosan-coated polyglactin 910 suture in reducing bacterial colonization after oral surgical procedures.

Materials And Methods: The patients who required multiple sutures after surgical procedures in the mandible were the study subjects. The sites of suturing were divided into three groups.

A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Ultrasonography as a Diagnostic Screening Tool in Maxillofacial Fractures: A Prospective Study.

Aim: The aim of the study was to estimate the diagnostic efficacy of high-resolution ultrasonography (USG) in the diagnosis of maxillofacial fractures.

Materials And Methods: A descriptive diagnostic evaluation study was carried out on 30 patients with suspected maxillofacial fractures, out of which 26 were male (86.7%) and 4 were female (13.

An Observational Study on Cystic Alterations in Normal Dental Follicles Associated with Impacted Lower Third Molar for Early Intervention.

Aim: To evaluate the cystic changes in the radiographically normal dental follicle associated with impacted mandibular third molar.

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted on 80 patients. Samples were selected using a convenient sampling technique from the patients who had impacted mandibular third molars in Pell and Gregory's positions B and C, with follicular space less than 2.

Open-label, phase II, multicenter study of lasofoxifene plus abemaciclib for treating women with metastatic ER+/HER2- breast cancer and an ESR1 mutation after disease progression on prior therapies: ELAINE 2.

Background: Acquired ESR1 mutations in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) metastatic breast cancer (mBC) drive treatment resistance and tumor progression; new treatment strategies are needed. Lasofoxifene, a next-generation, oral, endocrine therapy and tissue-specific ER antagonist, provided preclinical antitumor activity, alone or combined with a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) in ESR1-mutated mBC.

Patients And Methods: In the open-label, phase II, ELAINE 2 trial (NCT04432454), women with ESR1-mutated, ER+/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) mBC who progressed on prior therapies (including CDK4/6i) received lasofoxifene 5 mg/day and abemaciclib 150 mg b.

Retrospective cohort study of CDK4/6-inhibitor-induced alopecia in breast cancer patients.

Purpose: Dermatologic adverse events commonly result in the interruption of oncologic treatment, and targeted therapies are the most frequently interrupted class of anticancer agents. Alopecia is a common cutaneous adverse event reported with CK4/6i therapy. Though the clinical characteristics and therapeutic response of EIA have been well documented, few studies have characterized alopecia in patients treated with CDK4/6i.

Survival outcomes seen with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the management of locally advanced inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) versus matched controls.

Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) poses an ongoing challenge as rates of disease recurrence and mortality remain high compared to stage-matched controls. However, frontline therapy has evolved through the years, including the widespread use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) given the prognostic importance of pathologic complete response (pCR). Due to these sweeping changes, we need new data to assess current recurrence and survival outcomes for locally advanced IBC in the context of matched non-inflammatory controls.

Sulfatase 2 Inhibition Sensitizes Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy Through Augmentation of Extracellular ATP.

Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide. Patients diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have limited therapeutic options that produce durable responses. Hence, a diagnosis of TNBC is associated with a poor prognosis compared to other types of breast cancer.

The role of heparan sulfate in enhancing the chemotherapeutic response in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Among women worldwide, breast cancer has the highest incidence and is the leading cause of cancer-related death. Patients with the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype have an inferior prognosis in comparison to other breast cancers because current therapies do not facilitate long-lasting responses. Thus, there is a demand for more innovative therapies that induce durable responses.

The Association Between Myocardial Bridging and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Their Implications on Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Outcomes: A Retrospective Study.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a complex cardiac disorder, often associated with adverse outcomes, including sudden cardiac death. Myocardial bridging (MB), where a coronary artery segment traverses intramurally within the myocardium, complicates coronary blood flow dynamics. This retrospective study investigates the relationship between MB and HCM and their impact on percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) outcomes.

Depression, Inflammation, and Intestinal Permeability: Associations with Subjective and Objective Cognitive Functioning throughout Breast Cancer Survivorship.

About one-in-three breast cancer survivors have lingering cognitive complaints and objective cognitive impairment. Chronic inflammation and intestinal permeability (i.e.

Inflamed but not impulsive: Acute inflammatory cytokine response does not impact prepotent response inhibition.

Background: Prior evidence has linked inflammation with impulsivity, but most of this evidence is cross-sectional. In this study, we provoked an acute inflammatory cytokine response to see whether it lowered prepotent response inhibition on three cognitive tasks.

Method: This study features secondary analyses from a randomized crossover trial in which 171 postmenopausal breast cancer survivors (Stage I-IIIA) each received a typhoid capsular polysaccharide vaccination and a saline placebo injection in a random sequence at two separate visits at least one month apart.

Evaluating the Clinical Efficacy of Maxillary Labial Frenectomy Procedure Using Diode Laser (980 nm) and Conventional Scalpel: An Observational Study.

Aim: This is an era of minimally invasive and least traumatic surgical interventions being focused on. The traditional scalpel frenectomy technique offers an increase in post-operative sequelae. To unravel this scenario a comparative evaluation is carried out to find out the clinical outcomes and quality of life after maxillary labial frenectomy using a conventional scalpel and diode laser frenectomy of 980 nm.

Pressure injury incidence and impact on patients treated with prone positioning for COVID-19 ARDS.

Objective: To determine the incidence of pressure injuries (PIs) and their impact on clinical outcomes in patients treated with prone positioning for COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Method: All patients with COVID-19 ARDS who were treated with prone positioning were categorised as cases and those who were not treated with prone positioning were categorised as controls. Demographics, clinical data and confounding variables affecting outcomes were recorded.

Mortality in individuals with COPD on long-term home non-invasive ventilation.

Background: Real-world evidence regarding survival of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using chronic non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is scarce.

Research Question: How do obesity and other factors relate to mortality in patients with COPD on chronic NIV?

Study Design: and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from COPD patients enrolled in a home ventilation program between 2014 and 2018. Survival was compared between obese and non-obese groups using the Kaplan-Meier method.