[Gastroesophageal reflux disease and respiratory apparatus pathology: the evidence of interrelation and unsolved problems].

The article deals with interrelation between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and bronchial asthma (BA), presenting the results of the examination of 37 patients, who underwent 24-hour intraesophageal ph-metry and bronchial passability in addition to standard tests, used in patients with BA. Concomitant GERD was revealed in 45.94% of the patients with BA, and esophagitis signs--in 5.

[Physiotherapy with rotating pulse magnetic field in combined therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

Rationale and technique are proposed and clinical trial has been made of efficacy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatment with impacts of rotating impulse magnetic field (RIMF) from the device Polyus-VIEM (two fields, induction 48-72 mTe, reversive rotation, 4-6 s reversion duration, 20-30 Hz, 7-10 min exposure of each field, 7-10 procedures). The addition of RIMF in combined treatment of COPD improves treatment and shortens its duration.

[Glucocorticoid adrenal function and clinical implications of hydrocortisone metabolism tests in patients with bronchial asthma].

A glucocorticoid adrenal function was studied in 42 perimenopausal women with bronchial asthma (BA) by radioimmunoassay estimation of blood hydrocortisone levels, free and conjugated fractions of urinary hydrocortisole, 24-h excretion of overall 17-OCS and hydrocortisone metabolism index. Replacement estrogens inhibit processes of microsomal hydroxylation and reduce clearance of the introduced steroids. Replacement therapy with sex hormones conducted to correct menopause had no negative influence on hydrocortisone blood levels and its metabolism.

[Macro- and trace elements of blood in elderly patients with bronchial asthma].

Using the method of roentgen fluorescent analysis a study was carried out on the content of macro- and trace elements (ferrum, zink, sulfur, potassium, calcium) in whole blood and serum of 62 women with bronchial asthma (BA) depending on severity of the disease and performed therapy. The study revealed a disrupted content of studied chemical elements in serum and whole blood of patients having BA of various severity: reduction in the level of sulfur and potassium and increase of ferrum and zink proportionally to the severity of process. At the same time calcium ions redistributed from serum to blood cells.

[Integrative study of bronchial asthma in perimenopausal women].

The paper presents results of complex study of the specific features of the course of bronchial asthma (BA) in the peri- and early postmenopausal periods, including investigations of hormonal and immunological statuses, bone tissue mineral density and blood lipids, and evaluates the effects of peri- and early postmenopause and climacteric syndrome of varying severities on the course of BA. A drug test using estrogens has been developed to evaluate their effects on bronchial airflow. It has been shown that estrogens do not negatively affect bronchial airflow in most patients with BA in the peri- and early postmenopausal periods.

[Immune and interferon system in patients with bronchial asthma].

We studied the levels of acute inflammation phase proteins (AIPP), production of alpha, gamma and serum interferons, the activity of epsilon-receptors of T-lymphocytes in 39 patients with bronchial asthma (BA). Correlations were made with the process severity and basic therapy. We discovered imbalance of immunoregulatory mechanisms: enhanced AIPP synthesis, low production of induced alpha and gamma interferons, elevated concentrations of poor-differentiated T-lymphocytes.

[Treatment of arterial hypertension in patients with bronchial asthma].

Treatment of arterial hypertension in patients with concurrent chronic obstructive diseases of the lungs has limits in prescription of antihypertensive drugs. STAMLO--long-acting calcium antagonist--is proposed for monotherapy of mild and moderate hypertension in patients with bronchial asthma. The drug decreases hypertension in the greater and lesser circulation, improves bronchial permeability.

[Early diagnosis of ischemic heart disease in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases].

Aim: To study incidence rate, course features, principles of diagnosis and therapy of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD).

Materials And Methods: Standard clinical examinations, ECG, chest x-ray, echo-CG, 24-h Holter monitoring, coronarography were performed in 60 patients over 40 years of age with bronchial asthma or chronic obstructive bronchitis. Autopsy data were analyzed for 20 patients who died of COPD.

[Specific aspects of the course of bronchial asthma therapy in perimenopausal period].

Bronchial asthma (BA) course and menopausal features were studied in 58 perimenopausal women. Effects of menopause on BA clinical manifestations were considered. 19 patients on climonorm therapy were examined immunologically.

[Problems of psychosomatics and somatopsychiatrics in internal medicine].

The past 2 decades in our country has been marked by the population's poorer health status, the obvious tendency for the incidence of many somatic and mental diseases to increase. The problem of somatogenic mental diseases and disorders diagnosed in the presence of a somatic disease merits particular attention. The paper considers the background of psychosomatics and somatopsychiatrics, presents the authors' own findings of the mental status in patients with chronic lung diseases.

[Effect of transcutaneous stimulation of diaphragm on systemic and central hemodynamics in patients with chronic bronchitis].

25 males and 5 females suffering from chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB) underwent transcutaneous diaphragmatic electrostimulation (TDE). As shown by central intrapulmonary hemodynamics, those patients who had no circulatory decompensation benefited from TDE. There was a decrease in the pulmonary hypertension, intensification of general hemodynamics, reduced tonicity of the pulmonary arteriolar bed, improvement of right ventricular function.

[Study of myocardial morphology in chronic obstructive bronchitis complicated by pulmonary hypertension based on the results of endomyocardial biopsy].

Endomyocardial biopsy along with right heart catheterization was first performed in 12 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis complicated by transient or sustained pulmonary hypertension. Light and electron microscopic findings showed signs of severe myocardial dystrophy in 7 patients and prevalent hypertrophy in the remaining patients. Endomyocardial biopsy provided valuable information on the state of the myocardium, yielding evidence for the heretogeneous nature of right ventricular myocardial changes.

[Hemodynamics and myocardial contractile function in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis complicated by pulmonary hypertension].

Eighty patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis complicated by stable pulmonary hypertension were examined for the general, central, intracardial hemodynamics and myocardial contractile function. In addition to the general clinical examination, use was made of tetrapolar rheography, rheography of the pulmonary artery, radiocardiography, radionuclide ventriculography. The majority of the examined manifested hemodynamic disorders both in the pulmonary and greater circulation together with abnormalities of myocardial contractile function of the right and left ventricles.

[Myocardium in chronic obstructive lung diseases].

The analysis of endomyocardial biopsies (10 specimens) and clinical observations suggests the conclusion: myocardial lesions in OPD patients with pulmonary hypertension are due to metabolic and hemodynamic disturbances. In addition to myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial dystrophy contributes to development of cor pulmonale.

[Pulmonary hypertension in chronic lung diseases].

The article provides data on the pathogenesis, hemodynamics and the contractile function of the myocardium in chronic diseases of the lungs aggravated with pulmonary hypertension. The data were based on complex clinical and instrumental examinations, including catheterization of the right segments of the heart with endomyocardial biopsy, rheography of the pulmonary artery, radiocardiography, radionuclide ventriculography. A three-stage stratification of pulmonary hypertension was proposed.

[Radiocardiography and rheography of the pulmonary artery in the diagnosis of disorders of hemodynamics and right-ventricular contractility in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis].

Radiocardiography and rheography of the pulmonary artery were used to examine impairments in hemodynamics and contractile function of the right ventricle in 40 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis complicated with persistent hypertension. Right ventricular hemodynamic and contractile impairments were shown to be not equivalent with similar clinical and functional signs of pulmonary hypertension. This fact indicates that the use of special techniques is of practical value in the determination of right ventricular hemodynamics and myocardial contractility in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis.

[Clinical and pathophysiologic aspects of pulmonary hypertension].

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complicated, yet poorly studied problem of modern medicine. A combined clinico-instrumental study of clinical and pathophysiologic aspects of the PH syndrome of varying origins has substantiated nosological independence of primary PH. PH associated with vasculitis, primarily affecting the lungs, is described.

[Principles and methods of the treatment of pulmonary hypertension in chronic nonspecific lung diseases].

A critical review of medication to control pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic nonspecific pulmonary diseases is presented along with the authors' own experience with the use of long-acting nitrates and calcium antagonists, suggesting that such drugs are warranted as a long-term treatment in combination with agents controlling bronchial obstruction.

[Central hemodynamic status and left ventricular contractile function in patients with chronic obstructive lung diseases and stable pulmonary hypertension (based on data from radionuclide study methods)].

Systemic, central and intracardiac hemodynamics and left-ventricular contractility were studied radiocardiographically and radioventriculographically in 22 patients with stable pulmonary hypertension, developing in the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. A tendency to increased circulating blood volume, significantly elevated end diastolic and end systolic indices, reduced total ejection fraction, and a tendency to decreased segmental ejection fractions were demonstrated. A significant reduction of the speed and percentage of left-ventricular myocardial circular fibre contraction is another evidence of incompetent left-ventricular contractility, in addition to the reduced ejection fraction.