Radiologic Imaging of Traumatic Bowel and Mesenteric Injuries: A Comprehensive Up-to-Date Review.

Diagnosing bowel and mesenteric trauma poses a significant challenge to radiologists. Although these injuries are relatively rare, immediate laparotomy may be indicated when they occur. Delayed diagnosis and treatment are associated with increased morbidity and mortality; therefore, timely and accurate management is essential.

[Analysis of the Rate of Discrepancy between Preliminary Reports by Radiology Residents and Final Reports by Certified Radiologists for Emergency Radiology Studies in a University Hospital].

Purpose: In the adult emergency department of a university hospital, we investigated the frequency of major discrepancies between the preliminary reports by radiology residents and the final reports by certified radiologists.

Materials And Methods: Based on CT and MRI scans obtained between December 2016 and November 2019, we selected cases with diagnoses or treatment plans that could be changed due to discrepancies between preliminary and final reports and classified them by the type of discrepancy. We also examined the distributions of the major discrepancies and stratified them by residents' working time zone, experience, and subspecialty.

Role of Dedicated Subspecialized Radiologists in Multidisciplinary Team Discussions on Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers.

Objective: To determine the impact of dedicated subspecialized radiologists in multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussions on the management of lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract malignancies.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 244 patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 61.7 ± 11.

The feasibility of deep learning-based synthetic contrast-enhanced CT from nonenhanced CT in emergency department patients with acute abdominal pain.

Our objective was to investigate the feasibility of deep learning-based synthetic contrast-enhanced CT (DL-SCE-CT) from nonenhanced CT (NECT) in patients who visited the emergency department (ED) with acute abdominal pain (AAP). We trained an algorithm generating DL-SCE-CT using NECT with paired precontrast/postcontrast images. For clinical application, 353 patients from three institutions who visited the ED with AAP were included.

Can endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) improve the accuracy of clinical T staging by computed tomography (CT) for gastric cancer?

Introduction: With the introduction of new therapeutic options for gastric cancer treatment, more precise preoperative staging of gastric cancer is needed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for improving the accuracy of clinical T staging by computed tomography (CT) for gastric cancer.

Materials And Methods: A total of 2636 patients underwent stomach protocol CT (S-CT) and EUS, followed by gastrectomy for primary gastric adenocarcinoma between September 2012 and February 2018 at Seoul National University Hospital.

Coronary Artery Lumen Segmentation Using Location-Adaptive Threshold in Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography: A Proof-of-Concept.

Objective: To compare the lumen parameters measured by the location-adaptive threshold method (LATM), in which the inter- and intra-scan attenuation variabilities of coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) were corrected, and the scan-adaptive threshold method (SATM), in which only the inter-scan variability was corrected, with the reference standard measurement by intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS).

Materials And Methods: The Hounsfield unit (HU) values of whole voxels and the centerline in each of the cross-sections of the 22 target coronary artery segments were obtained from 15 patients between March 2009 and June 2010, in addition to the corresponding voxel size. Lumen volume was calculated mathematically as the voxel volume multiplied by the number of voxels with HU within a given range, defined as the lumen for each method, and compared with the IVUS-derived reference standard.

Normal and Abnormal Postoperative Imaging Findings after Gastric Oncologic and Bariatric Surgery.

Surgical resection remains the primary choice of treatment and the only potentially curative option for gastric carcinoma, and is increasingly performed laparoscopically. Gastric resection represents a challenging procedure, with a significant morbidity and non-negligible postoperative mortality. The interpretation of imaging after gastric surgery can be challenging due to significant modifications of the normal anatomy.

Infected cyst in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: Analysis of computed tomographic and ultrasonographic imaging features.

Purpose: To investigate the imaging features of cyst infection in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) patients using computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography (US).

Materials & Methods: The institutional review board approved this retrospective study. Fifty-one episodes with proven cyst infection in forty-three ADPKD patients were included.

Sub-millisievert CT colonography: effect of knowledge-based iterative reconstruction on the detection of colonic polyps.

Objectives: To assess the feasibility of ultra-low dose computed tomography colonography (CTC) using knowledge-based iterative reconstruction (IR) and to determine its effect on polyp detection.

Methods: Forty-nine prospectively-enrolled patients underwent ultra-low dose CTC in the supine (100 kVp/20 mAs) and prone positions (80 kVp/20 mAs), followed by same-day colonoscopy. Thereafter, images were reconstructed using filtered back projection (FBP) and knowledge-based IR (IMR; Philips Healthcare, Best, Netherlands) algorithms.

Frequency, outcome, and risk factors of contrast media extravasation in 142,651 intravenous contrast-enhanced CT scans.

Objective: To evaluate the frequency, outcome, and risk factors of intravenous contrast media (CM) extravasation during contrast-enhanced CT scans in a large population.

Methods: After institutional review board approval, 142,651 patients (72,976 males and 69,675 females; mean age, 59.9 ± 13.

Critical Test Result Notification via Mobile Phone-Based Automated Text Message System in the Radiologic Field: Single Institutional Experience.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of sharing critical test result (CTR) notifications (CTRNs) via automated text messaging.

Materials And Methods: CTRNs via automated text messaging was used to notify physicians of CTRs in a tertiary hospital with 1,786 beds. From June 2016 to September 2016, notifications for 545 CTRs were given via a CTRN system.

Preoperative tumor restaging and resectability assessment of gastric cancers after chemotherapy: diagnostic accuracy of MDCT using new staging criteria.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of preoperative MDCT for tumor restaging and determination of resectability in gastric cancers after chemotherapy using new staging criteria.

Methods: This retrospective study was approved by our institutional review board and the requirement for informed consent was waived. Thirty-seven patients with initially unresectable gastric cancers who had received chemotherapy followed by surgery were included.

One-mSv CT colonography: Effect of different iterative reconstruction algorithms on radiologists' performance.

Purpose: To analyze the effect of different reconstruction algorithms on image noise and radiologists' performance at ultra-low dose CT colonography (CTC) in human subjects.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study had institutional review board approval, with waiver of the need to obtain informed consent. CTC and subsequent colonoscopy were performed at the same day in 28 patients.

Efficacy of Gastric Balloon Dilatation and/or Retrievable Stent Insertion for Pyloric Spasms after Pylorus-Preserving Gastrectomy: Retrospective Analysis.

Purpose: We retrospectively investigated the feasibility and clinical efficacy of balloon dilatation and subsequent retrievable stent insertion, when necessitated, for pyloric spasms after pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (PPG).

Materials And Methods: Forty-five patients experiencing pyloric spasms after PPG underwent fluoroscopic balloon dilations to alleviate obstructive symptoms due to delayed gastric emptying. Patients showing poor response to balloon dilation underwent subsequent retrievable stent insertion.

Portomesenteric vein thrombosis after gastric surgery.

Background: Postoperative portomesenteric venous thrombosis (PMVT) is a rare but potentially serious complication of gastric surgery. This study analyzed the incidence, characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of PMVT following gastric surgery.

Methods: Medical records of patients who underwent gastric surgery between January 2007 and December 2012 were reviewed retrospectively.

Differentiation of intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma from hepatocellular carcinoma on gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MR imaging.

Objectives: To determine the different imaging features of intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma (IMCC) from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: This retrospective study was institutional review board approved and the requirement for informed consent was waived. Patients who underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI with histologically confirmed IMCCs (n = 46) or HCCs (n = 58) were included.

CT differentiation of poorly-differentiated gastric neuroendocrine tumours from well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours and gastric adenocarcinomas.

Purpose: To evaluate the differential CT features of gastric poorly-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours (PD-NETs) from well-differentiated NETs (WD-NETs) and gastric adenocarcinomas (ADCs) and to suggest differential features of hepatic metastases from gastric NETs and ADCs.

Materials And Methods: Our study population was comprised of 36 patients with gastric NETs (18 WD-NETs, 18 PD-NETs) and 38 patients with gastric ADCs who served as our control group. Multiple CT features were assessed to identify significant differential CT findings of PD-NETs from WD-NETs and ADCs.

CT findings suggesting anastomotic leak and predicting the recovery period following gastric surgery.

Objective: To assess diagnostic performance of routine CT for detecting anastomotic leak after gastric surgery, and analyse the relationship between recovery period and CT findings.

Methods: We included 179 patients who underwent immediate CT and fluoroscopy after gastric surgery. Two reviewers retrospectively rated the possibility of leak on CT using a five-point scale focused on predefined CT findings.

Usefulness of a metal artifact reduction algorithm for orthopedic implants in abdominal CT: phantom and clinical study results.

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of a metal artifact reduction (MAR) algorithm for orthopedic prostheses in phantom and clinical CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS.

Effect of different reconstruction algorithms on computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) performance in ultra-low dose CT colonography.

Purpose: To assess the effect of different reconstruction algorithms on computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) performance in ultra-low-dose CT colonography (ULD CTC).

Materials And Methods: IRB approval and informed consents were obtained. Thirty prospectively enrolled patients underwent non-contrast CTC at 120 kVp/10 mAs in supine and 100 kVp/10 mAs in prone positions, followed by same-day colonoscopy.

High liver fibrosis index FIB-4 is highly predictive of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B carriers.

Unlabelled: Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is clinically important given that its early detection has remarkable survival benefits. We investigated the possible role of FIB-4, a recently developed noninvasive marker for liver fibrosis based on routine laboratory tests, as a clinical indicator for predicting future HCC among hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers. Our retrospective cohort study involved 986 Korean HBsAg carriers 40 years of age or older who visited Seoul National University Hospital for a health checkup.

Diagnostic performance of gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MR imaging in the detection of HCCs and allocation of transplant recipients on the basis of the Milan criteria and UNOS guidelines: correlation with histopathologic findings.

Purpose: To determine whether hepatobiliary phase ( HBP hepatobiliary phase ) imaging can improve the diagnostic performance of gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the detection of hepatocellular carcinomas ( HCC hepatocellular carcinoma s) and to investigate the accuracy of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging in the allocation of transplant recipients on the basis of the Milan criteria and United Network for Organ Sharing ( UNOS United Network for Organ Sharing ) guidelines.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study had institutional review board approval; the requirement for informed consent was waived. Between June 2008 and June 2011, 63 patients who underwent liver transplantation (LT) were included.

Ultra-low peak voltage CT colonography: effect of iterative reconstruction algorithms on performance of radiologists who use anthropomorphic colonic phantoms.

Purpose: To analyze the effect of a decrease in computed tomographic (CT) colonographic voltage, from 100 and 120 kVp to 80 kVp and reconstructed with filtered back projection ( FBP filtered back projection ), on radiation dose, image noise, and diagnostic performance in anthropomorphic phantoms and to assess the effect of iterative reconstruction ( IR iterative reconstruction ) algorithms on radiologists' performance for 80-kVp CT colonography.

Materials And Methods: Seven colon phantoms with 68 simulated polyps (≥6 mm) were scanned at three peak voltage settings (80, 100, 120 kVp) and 10 mAs. Images were reconstructed by using FBP filtered back projection , hybrid statistic-based IR iterative reconstruction , and knowledge-based IR iterative reconstruction algorithms.

CT findings of gallbladder metastases: emphasis on differences according to primary tumors.

Objective: To describe computed tomography (CT) features of metastatic gallbladder (GB) tumors (MGTs) from various primary tumors and to determine whether there are differential imaging features of MGTs according to different primary tumors.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-one patients who had pathologically confirmed MGTs and underwent CT were retrospectively enrolled. Clinical findings including presenting symptoms, type of surgery, and interval between primary and metastatic tumors were recorded.