The degree of parallel/serial processing affects stimulus-driven and memory-driven attentional capture: Evidence for the attentional window account.

The issue of whether a salient stimulus in the visual field captures attention in a stimulus-driven manner has been debated for several decades. The attentional window account proposed to resolve this issue by claiming that a salient stimulus captures attention and interferes with target processing only when an attentional window is set wide enough to encompass both the target and the salient distractor. By contrast, when a small attentional window is serially shifted among individual stimuli to find a target, no capture is found.

Subscapularis Repair in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: Differences in Outcomes Based on Preoperative Quality of Subscapularis Tendon.

Purpose: This study examines the influence of preoperative fatty infiltration (FI) of the subscapularis tendon (SBS) on outcomes following reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) with SBS repair.

Methods: A cohort of 161 rTSA patients with SBS repair, followed for a mean of 45.3 months, was divided into three groups based on FI: Group A (intact upper and lower portions,  = 85), Group B (intact lower portions,  = 44), and Group C (fatty infiltrated in both portions,  = 32).

Association between body fat and bone mineral density in Korean adults: a cohort study.

Although obesity was once considered protective against osteoporosis, various factors influence the relationship between fat and bone mineral density (BMD). To establish the importance of healthy body composition in decelerating declines in BMD, we conducted a study to compare the association between body fat composition and BMD in Korean adults. Using data collected from the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study from 2012 to 2019, this cohort study compared the incidence of decreased BMD among the following four groups: normal BMI and normal adiposity (NBMI-NA), normal BMI and high adiposity (NBMI-HA), overweight, and obesity.

Arthroscopic decompression of calcific tendinitis without cuff repair.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the outcomes of arthroscopic decompression of calcific tendinitis performed without repairing the rotator cuff defect.

Methods: A total of 99 patients who underwent treatment between December 2013 and August 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores were reviewed pre- and postoperatively according to the location, size, physical characteristics, and radiological features of the calcific deposits.

The association between cotinine-measured smoking intensity and sleep quality.

Introduction: Cigarette smoking is suggested to be associated with sleep problems. This study evaluated the quantitative association between urinary cotinine-verified smoking intensity and sleep quality assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 189970 participants from the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study recruited between 2016 and 2018.

Association Between Frailty-Related Factors and Depression among Older Adults.

Objectives: We analyzed the association between individual frailty-related factors and depression in older adults.

Methods: A total of 796 older adults who underwent geriatric assessments were included in this cross-sectional study. The frailty-related factors studied were grip strength, physical activity, walking speed, weight loss, and recurrent falls.

Precontoured Plate Fixation for Incomplete Atypical Diaphyseal Fracture of Femur using Three-Dimensional Printing Rapid Prototyping: Two Cases Reports.

Background: Reconstruction intramedullary nail spanning the whole length of the femur has been the gold standard treatment for complete atypical diaphyseal fractures of the femur (ADF). However, in cases of incomplete ADF combined with severe bowing, this approach might have complications and lead to iatrogenic complete fracture. We report two cases of incomplete ADF with severe bowing using a precontoured plate (PCP) after rapid prototyping (RP) of the deformed femurs with three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology.

Object Distance Estimation Using a Single Image Taken from a Moving Rolling Shutter Camera.

This paper proposes a technique to estimate the distance between an object and a rolling shutter camera using a single image. The implementation of this technique uses the principle of the rolling shutter effect (RSE), a distortion within the rolling-shutter-type camera. The proposed technique has a mathematical strength compared to other single photo-based distance estimation methods that do not consider the geometric arrangement.

Early Experience of Direct Anterior Approach Total Hip Arthroplasty: Analysis of the First 53 Cases.

Purpose: To determine if it is feasible and safe for a surgeon to transition from using the posterolateral approach to direct anterior approach (DAA) by evaluating the first 53 cases of total hip arthroplasty using a DAA.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of 52 patients who underwent THA using a DAA between July 2017 and December 2018. Reasons for THA were: femoral neck fracture (n=34), avascular necrosis (n=13), and arthritis (n=6).

See-Through Type 3D Head-Mounted Display-Based Surgical Microscope System for Microsurgery: A Feasibility Study.

Background: The surgical microscope is used primarily for microsurgeries, which are more complicated than other surgical procedures and require delicate tasks for a long time. Therefore, during these surgical procedures, surgeons experience back and neck pain. To solve this problem, new technology, such as wearable displays, is required to help surgeons maintain comfortable postures and enjoy advanced functionality during microsurgery.

Association between urinary incontinence and physical frailty in Korea.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between urinary incontinence (UI) and physical frailty (PF).

Methods: The study participants (n = 404) who visited the geriatric clinic were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of UI based on questionnaire results. We analysed the relationship between each factor associated with PF and the risk of UI according to the number of factors associated with PF.

The Validation of Ultrasound-Guided Target Segment Identification in Thoracic Spine as Confirmed by Fluoroscopy.

Background: The role of ultrasound in the thoracic spine has been underappreciated, partly because of the relative efficacy of the landmark-guided technique and the limitation of imaging through the narrow acoustic windows produced by the bony framework of thoracic spine. The aim of this study was to make a comparison between the 12th rib and the spinous process of C7 as a landmark for effective ultrasound-guided target segment identification in the thoracic spine.

Methods: Ultrasonography of 44 thoracic spines was performed and the same procedure was carried out 1 week later again.

The Association between Frailty and Cognition in Elderly Women.

Background: Frailty refers to the loss of physiologic complexity and the associated decline in ability to withstand stressors as one gets older. It is defined as unintentional weight loss, exhaustion, weakness, slow walking speed, and low physical activity. According to several western studies, frailty is associated with cognitive impairment, but there have been few studies about the relationship between frailty and cognitive impairment in Korea.

Effect on smoking quit rate of telling smokers their health risk appraisal in terms of health age: a randomized control trial.

Background: We evaluated whether providing health risk appraisal for Koreans (KHRA) in terms of 'health age' during smoking cessation program would effectively help smokers quit smoking or not.

Materials And Methods: A total of 332 male smokers aged between 30-65 years old, registered for a smoking cessation program in a public health center in a city, were recruited and underwent a baseline survey from January 2010 to February 2011. They were then prospectively randomized to a conventional counseling group (n=165) or a KHRA group (n=167), and received conventional counseling or KHRA-based counseling for six months.

Effects of brief smoking cessation education with expiratory carbon monoxide measurement on level of motivation to quit smoking.

Background: Smoking rates among Korean adult males is still high despite multifaceted efforts to reduce it. In Korea, there have been several studies on the effectiveness of smoking cessation education for inpatients, health check-ups, and smoking cessation clinics. However, there haven't been any studies on the effectiveness of smoking cessation education conducted outside the hospital.

Association of nephrolithiasis with metabolic syndrome and its components.

Objective: Both metabolic syndrome (MetS) and nephrolithiasis (NL) are common and clinically important disorders. Therefore, we conducted this study to assess the association of MetS and NL.

Materials/methods: Data were obtained from 116,536 individuals who underwent health screening tests between January 2010 and December 2010 at a health promotion center in Seoul, Korea.

Socioeconomic Indicators Associated with Initiation and Cessation of Smoking among Women in Seoul.

Background: While smoking prevalence in Korean men has been decreasing, it is increasing in Korean women. Little is known about women's smoking inequalities in Korea. This study was conducted to investigate the association of socioeconomic indicators with the initiation and cessation of smoking among Korean women.

Association of Serum Total Bilirubin with Serum High Sensitivity C-reactive Protein in Middle-aged Men.

Background: It has been suggested that bilirubin has an inverse association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to its antioxidant properties. However, there are few data regarding the relationship between serum total bilirubin (sTB) and risk factors for CVD in Koreans. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between sTB and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), which is an independent risk factor for CVD.

Expression and purification recombinant human dentin sialoprotein in Escherichia coli and its effects on human dental pulp cells.

Dentin sialoprotein (DSP) is cleaved from dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and most abundant dentinal non-collagenous proteins in dentin. DSP is believed to participate in differentiation and mineralization of cells. In this study, we first constructed recombinant human DSP (rhDSP) in Escherichia coli (E.

Prevalence of chronic widespread pain and fibromyalgia syndrome: a Korean hospital-based study.

This study was conducted to estimate the point prevalence of chronic widespread pain (CWP) and fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) in a primary care center of a hospital in Korea. CWP was defined as pain lasting more than 3 months involving all the classified pain sites (axial, left and right, above and below waist). FMS was diagnosed by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and also by clinical judgment of a physician.

Odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells stimulated by the calcium phosphate porous granules.

Effects of three-dimensional (3D) calcium phosphate (CaP) porous granules on the growth and odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were examined for dental tissue engineering. hDPSCs isolated from adult human dental pulps were cultured for 3-4 passages, and populated on porous granules. Cell growth on the culture dish showed an ongoing increase for up to 21 days, whereas the growth on the 3D granules decreased after 14 days.

Detection of human parechoviruses in children with gastroenteritis in South Korea.

Human parechoviruses (HPeVs) are associated with gastroenteritis (GE), although their etiologic role is uncertain. The purpose of this study was to detect HPeVs in children with GE in Korea. A total of 348 stool samples that were negative for common enteric viruses were screened for HPeV using RT-PCR.

Emergence of norovirus GII-4/2008 variant and recombinant strains in Seoul, Korea.

Recently, the emergence of a new NoV GII-4 variant strain every 2 or 3 years has been reported. One hundred seventeen NoV GII strains were detected by RT-PCR in children with AGE between August 2008 and February 2010. In phylogenetic analyses, GII-4 and GII-3 were the most frequently detected strains.

Genetic characterization of rotavirus in children in South Korea from 2007 to 2009.

Rotavirus is the most important etiological agent in children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE). The recent implementation of a rotavirus vaccine in Korea requires the monitoring of prevailing rotavirus strains in order to control the infection. One hundred thirty-nine rotavirus strains were detected in children hospitalized with AGE in Seoul, Korea from 2007 to 2009.