Prediction models for diagnosis and prognosis of the colonization or infection of multidrug-resistant organisms in adults: a systematic review, critical appraisal, and meta-analysis.

Background: Prediction models help to target patients at risk of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) colonization or infection and could serve as tools informing clinical practices to prevent MDRO transmission and inappropriate empiric antibiotic therapy. However, there is limited evidence to identify which among the available models are of low risk of bias and suitable for clinical application.

Objectives: To identify, describe, appraise, and summarise the performance of all prognostic and diagnostic models developed or validated for predicting MDRO colonization or infection.