LncRNA-HMG incites colorectal cancer cells to chemoresistance via repressing p53-mediated ferroptosis.

Upon chemotherapy, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) often lead to the production of massive lipid peroxides in cancer cells and induce cell death, namely ferroptosis. The elimination of ROS is pivotal for tumor cells to escape from ferroptosis and acquire drug resistance. Nevertheless, the precise functions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in ROS metabolism and tumor drug-resistance remain elusive.

Tailoring Interlayer Chiral Exchange by Azimuthal Symmetry Engineering.

Recent theoretical and experimental studies of the interlayer Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) have sparked great interest in its implementation into practical magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) devices, due to its capability to mediate long-range chiral spin textures. So far, experimental reports focused on the observation of interlayer DMI, leaving the development of strategies to control interlayer DMI's magnitude unaddressed. Here, we introduce an azimuthal symmetry engineering protocol capable of additive/subtractive tuning of interlayer DMI through the control of wedge deposition of separate layers and demonstrate its capability to mediate field-free spin-orbit torque (SOT) magnetization switching in both orthogonally magnetized and synthetic antiferromagnetically coupled systems.

Activation of ACLY by SEC63 deploys metabolic reprogramming to facilitate hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis upon endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Background: Tumor cells display augmented capability to maintain endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis and hijack ER stress pathway for malignant phenotypes under microenvironmental stimuli. Metabolic reprogramming is a well-known hallmark for tumor cells to provide specific adaptive traits to the microenvironmental alterations. However, it's unknown how tumor cells orchestrate metabolic reprogramming and tumor progression in response to ER stress.

Establishing biosynthetic pathway for the production of p-hydroxyacetophenone and its glucoside in Escherichia coli.

p-Hydroxyacetophenone (p-HAP) and its glucoside picein are plant-derived natural products that have been extensively used in chemical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries owing to their antioxidant, antibacterial and antiseptic activities. However, the natural biosynthetic pathways for p-HAP and picein have yet been resolved so far, limiting their biosynthesis in microorganisms. In this study, we design and construct a biosynthetic pathway for de novo production of p-HAP and picein from glucose in E.

Improving the Mechanical Properties of Damaged Hair Using Low-Molecular Weight Hyaluronate.

Chemical treatments of hair such as dyeing, perming and bleaching could cause mechanical damage to the hair, which weakens the hair fibers and makes the hair break more easily. In this work, hyaluronate (HA) with different molecular weight (MW) was investigated for its effects on restoring the mechanical properties of damaged hair. It was found that low-MW HA (average MW~42 k) could significantly improve the mechanical properties, specifically the elastic modulus, of overbleached hair.

The Systematic Analyses of RING Finger Gene Signature for Predicting the Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

RING finger (RNF) proteins are frequently dysregulated in human malignancies and are tightly associated with tumorigenesis. However, the expression profiles of RNF genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and their relations with prognosis remain undetermined. Here, we aimed at constructing a prognostic model according to RNF genes for forecasting the outcomes of HCC patients using the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program.

The Integrative Analysis of Thrombospondin Family Genes in Pan-Cancer Reveals that THBS2 Facilitates Gastrointestinal Cancer Metastasis.

Recent cancer studies have found that the thrombospondin (THBS) family, including THBS1, THBS2, THBS3, THBS4, and THBS5, play vital roles in the development and progression of human cancers. However, their relationships with tumor stage, prognosis, and tumor immunity in pan-cancer have not been systematically reported. In the present study, we employed versatile public databases to assess the expression and mutations of different THBSs in pan-cancer and performed functional experiments to analyze the roles of THBS2 in gastrointestinal cancer metastasis.

Spectral polarization camera based on ghost imaging via sparsity constraints.

A spectral polarization camera based on ghost imaging via sparsity constraints (GISC) is presented. The proposed imager modulates three-dimensional spatial and spectral information of the target into two-dimensional speckle patterns using a spatial random phase modulator and then acquires the speckle patterns at four linear polarization channels through a polarized CCD. The experimental results verify the feasibility of the system structure and reconstruction algorithm.

Sec62 promotes stemness and chemoresistance of human colorectal cancer through activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Background: Cancer stem cell (CSC)-related chemoresistance leads to poor outcome of the patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we identified the chemoresistance-relevant molecules and decipher the involved mechanisms to provide potential therapeutic target for CRC. We focused on Sec62, a novel target with significantly increased expression in chemoresistant CRC tissues, and further investigated its role in the progression of CRC.

Borane-Catalyzed Chemoselective and Enantioselective Reduction of 2-Vinyl-Substituted Pyridines.

Herein, we report that highly chemoselective and enantioselective reduction of 2-vinyl-substituted pyridines has been achieved for the first time. The reaction, which uses chiral spiro-bicyclic bisboranes as catalysts and HBpin and an acidic amide as reducing reagents, proceeds through a cascade process involving 1,4-hydroboration followed by transfer hydrogenation of a dihydropyridine intermediate. The retained double bond in the reduction products permits their conversion to natural products and other useful heterocyclic compounds by simple transformations.

RON and MET Co-overexpression Are Significant Pathological Characteristics of Poor Survival and Therapeutic Targets of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly malignant and has poor prognosis and a high mortality rate. The lack of effective therapy has spurred our investigation of new targets for treating this malignant cancer. Here, we identified RON (macrophage-stimulating 1 receptor) and MET (MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase) as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic targets for potential TNBC treatment.

Pulmonary intimal sarcoma involving the pulmonary valve and right ventricular outflow tract: A case report and literature review.

Introduction: Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma (PAIS) is a rare and highly aggressive tumor, and approximately 80% of pulmonary cases occur in the pulmonary trunk. We report herein a case of retrograde extension of the sarcoma to the pulmonary valve and right ventricle, which is an uncommon manifestation of this lethal tumor.

Patient Concerns: A 41-year-old woman was initially diagnosed with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) and transferred to our hospital.

Aberrant RON and MET Co-overexpression as Novel Prognostic Biomarkers of Shortened Patient Survival and Therapeutic Targets of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Pancreatic Cancer.

RON (recepteur d'origine nantais) and MET (hepatocyte growth factor receptor) are tyrosine kinase receptors. Various cancers have aberrant RON and MET expression and activation, which contribute to cancer cell proliferation, invasiveness, and metastasis. Here, we explored RON and MET expression in pancreatic cancer and their relationship with overall survival (OS) time, and evaluated their significance as therapeutic targets of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in pancreatic cancer.

Optimization of light fields in ghost imaging using dictionary learning.

Ghost imaging (GI) is a novel imaging technique based on the second-order correlation of light fields. Due to limited number of samplings in practice, traditional GI methods often reconstruct objects with unsatisfactory quality. To improve the imaging results, many reconstruction methods have been developed, yet the reconstruction quality is still fundamentally restricted by the modulated light fields.

Immunological microenvironment alterations in follicles of women with proven severe endometriosis undergoing in vitro fertilization.

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that different cytokine profiles may exist in the follicular fluid of endometriosis (EM) patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF), as these differences may provide insights into the pathogenesis of the disease. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the reproductive center of a medical university hospital. The study included 49 patients receiving IVF.

Therapeutic efficacy of a novel humanized antibody-drug conjugate recognizing plexin-semaphorin-integrin domain in the RON receptor for targeted cancer therapy.

Background: Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) targeting the RON receptor, a tumorigenic factor contributing to cancer malignancy, has been considered as a novel strategy for cancer therapy. Here we describe a humanized antibody recognizing the RON plexin-semaphorin-integrin (PSI) domain with increased drug delivery capability for potential clinical application.

Method: Monoclonal antibody PCM5B14 specific to the human and monkey RON PSI domain was generated and characterized by various immunological methods.

Correction to: Therapeutic efficacy, pharmacokinetic profiles, and toxicological activities of humanized antibody-drug conjugate Zt/g4-MMAE targeting RON receptor tyrosine kinase for cancer therapy.

Following publication of the original article [1], the author reported two errors in the authors affiliations.

Therapeutic efficacy, pharmacokinetic profiles, and toxicological activities of humanized antibody-drug conjugate Zt/g4-MMAE targeting RON receptor tyrosine kinase for cancer therapy.

Background: Aberrant expression of the RON receptor tyrosine kinase is a pathogenic feature and a validated drug target in various types of cancers. Currently, therapeutic antibodies targeting RON for cancer therapy are under intensive evaluation. Here we report the development and validation of a novel humanized anti-RON antibody-drug conjugate for cancer therapy.

Chaperones, Membrane Trafficking and Signal Transduction Proteins Regulate Zaire Ebola Virus trVLPs and Interact With trVLP Elements.

Ebolavirus (EBOV) life cycle involves interactions with numerous host factors, but it remains poorly understood, as does pathogenesis. Herein, we synthesized 65 siRNAs targeting host genes mostly connected with aspects of the negative-sense RNA virus life cycle (including viral entry, uncoating, fusion, replication, assembly, and budding). We produced EBOV transcription- and replication-competent virus-like particles (trVLPs) to mimic the EBOV life cycle.

Finding diseases associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a total population-based case-control study.

Objective: To investigate diseases associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by using a total population-based medical database.

Methods: This study included 705 ALS patients aged older than 15 years diagnosed from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2013, along with 14,100 controls matching in sex, age, residence, and insurance premium. Data from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) and Serious Disabling Diseases (SDD) database in Taiwan were used to conduct a total population-based case-control study.

Development and Characterization of Neutralizing Antibodies Against Zaire Ebolavirus Glycoprotein and Protein 40.

Background/aims: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are presently the most promising treatment against Ebola virus disease (EVD), and cocktail of two or more antibodies likely confers protection through complementary mechanisms. Zaire Ebolavirus (EBOV) glycoprotein (GP) and viral protein 40 (VP40) are targets for designing neutralizing antibodies. Currently, the antiviral therapeutics of mAb-cocktails are still limited solely to anti-GP antibodies，there is no Abs cocktail against Zaire EBOV GP and VP40, which both have important interactions with host cellular membrane.