Wearable Temperature Sensor Enhanced Volatilomics Technique for Swift and Convenient Detection of Latrogenic Botulism.

Accurately assessing potential side effects following botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injection remains a formidable challenge. To address this issue, an innovative approach is developed that combines a wearable temperature sensor with a sophisticated volatilomics technique, aimed at facilitating the rapid and convenient prediction of potential physical discomfort related to latrogenic botulism. The investigation identifies five volatile organic compounds (VOCs)-acetone, styrene, ethanol, 2-pentanone, and n-butano-as promising markers indicative of BoNT poisoning.

A lanthanide-based high-sensitivity fluorescence method for the on-site rapid detection of thermostable direct hemolysin of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a common foodborne pathogen in seafood, which often causes seafood borne bacterial gastroenteritis or food poisoning. Thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) is considered to be one of the main virulence factors involved in this pathogen. The most clinical V.

A Thermostable Dissolving Microneedle Vaccine with Recombinant Protein of Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype A.

Background: As a Class A bioterrorism agent, botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) carries the risk of being used by terrorists to cause mass poisoning. The microneedle (MN) patch has a great potential for application as a novel vaccine delivery method. The aim of this study is to develop a thermally stable, dissolving microneedle patch for the delivery of a recombinant protein vaccine using a recombinant C-terminal heavy chain of BoNT/A (Hc of BoNT/A, AHc) to prevent botulism.

[Microneedle-based percutaneous immunity: a review].

Microneedle percutaneous immunization is achieved by puncturing the stratum corneum of the skin with microneedles so that the vaccine is efficiently recognized by antigen-presenting cells to induce a specific immune response. Due to the advantages of efficient induction of immune response, low pain and easy storage, transdermal immunization by microneedles has been widely used for immunization of various vaccines in recent years. This review summarizes the materials of microneedles, application for transcutaneous immunization, as well as the challenges that need to be addressed.

A Self-Driven Microfluidic Chip for Ricin and Abrin Detection.

Ricin and abrin are phytotoxins that can be easily used as biowarfare and bioterrorism agents. Therefore, developing a rapid detection method for both toxins is of great significance in the field of biosecurity. In this study, a novel nanoforest silicon microstructure was prepared by the micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technique; particularly, a novel microfluidic sensor chip with a capillary self-driven function and large surface area was designed.

Platinum-Based Nanocomposite Pt@BSA as an Efficient Electrochemical Biosensing Interface for Rapid and Ultrasensitive Determination of Folate Receptor-Positive Tumor Cells.

Developing a cytosensing strategy based on electrochemical approaches has attracted wide interest due to the low cost, rapid response, and simple instrumentation. In this work, an electrochemical cytosensor employing the Pt@BSA nanocomposite as the biosensing substrate along with the covalent cross-linking of targeting molecules folic acid (FA) was constructed for highly sensitive determination of folate receptor (FR)-positive tumor cells. The prepared Pt@BSA nanocomposite revealed excellent biocompatibility for cell adhesion and proliferation, which was confirmed by cell viability evaluation using thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric methods.

Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Progressive and Non-progressive Coronavirus Disease 2019: Evidence From 365 Hospitalised Patients in Honghu and Nanchang, China.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has swept around the globe and led to a worldwide catastrophe. Studies examining the disease progression of patients with non-severe disease on admission are scarce but of profound importance in the early identification of patients at a high risk of deterioration. To elucidate the differences in clinical characteristics between patients with progressive and non-progressive COVID-19 and to determine the risk factors for disease progression.

Development and Validation of a Deep Learning-Based Model Using Computed Tomography Imaging for Predicting Disease Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is sweeping the globe and has resulted in infections in millions of people. Patients with COVID-19 face a high fatality risk once symptoms worsen; therefore, early identification of severely ill patients can enable early intervention, prevent disease progression, and help reduce mortality. This study aims to develop an artificial intelligence-assisted tool using computed tomography (CT) imaging to predict disease severity and further estimate the risk of developing severe disease in patients suffering from COVID-19.

Development and validation of the HNC-LL score for predicting the severity of coronavirus disease 2019.

Background: Information regarding risk factors associated with severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is limited. This study aimed to develop a model for predicting COVID-19 severity.

Methods: Overall, 690 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were recruited between 1 January and 18 March 2020 from hospitals in Honghu and Nanchang; finally, 442 patients were assessed.

Highly sensitive electrochemical impedance spectroscopy immunosensor for the detection of AFB1 in olive oil.

Aflatoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus are commonly found in olive and its derivatives. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a predominant toxin detected abundantly and has been implicated in the etiology of human hepatocellular carcinoma. This study proposes a sensitive and convenient electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method for determining AFB1 by MWCNTs/RTIL composite films-based immunosensor.

Enzyme-labeled Pt@BSA nanocomposite as a facile electrochemical biosensing interface for sensitive glucose determination.

Electrocatalytic reactions of glucose oxidation based on enzyme-labeled electrochemical biosensors demand a high enzymatic activity and fast electron transfer property to produce the amplified signal response. Through a "green" synthesis method, Pt@BSA nanocomposite was prepared as a biosensing interface for the first time. Herein we presented a convenient and effective glucose sensing matrix based on Pt@BSA nanocomposite along with the covalent adsorption of glucose oxidase (GOD).

Sensitive ECL immunosensor for detection of retinol-binding protein based on double-assisted signal amplification strategy of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and Ru(bpy)3(2+) doped mesoporous silica nanospheres.

A novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) strategy based on the sandwich-type immunosensor for sensitive detection of retinol-binding protein (RBP) was developed. The primary antibody anti-RBP was immobilized onto multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), which have large surface area and high electrical conductivity. The RBP antigen and Ru-Nafion@SiO2-labeled secondary antibody were then successively conjugated to form sandwich-type immunocomplexes through the specific interaction between antigen and antibody.

Improved EIS performance of an electrochemical cytosensor using three-dimensional architecture Au@BSA as sensing layer.

An ultrasensitive electrochemical cytosensor for quantitative determination of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-positive tumor cells was developed using three-dimensional (3D) architecture Au@BSA microspheres as sensing layer with the conjugation of targeting molecule monoclonal anti-CEA antibody (anti-CEA). The prepared Au@BSA microspheres exhibited satisfactory biocompatibility for cell proliferation via evaluation from thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, providing a suitable platform for cell adhesion study. Attributed to the excellent electroconductivity of Au@BSA, amplified electrochemical signals could be obtained and resulted in the greatly enhanced detection sensitivity.

A novel solid-state electrochemiluminescence sensor for melamine with Ru(bpy)3(2+)/mesoporous silica nanospheres/Nafion composite modified electrode.

A novel melamine electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor was developed based on mesoporous SiO(2) nanospheres/Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)/Nafion modified electrodes. The homogeneous mesoporous silica nanospheres, synthesized using modified Stöber sol-gel process, were characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The ECL and electrochemistry of the modified electrodes were investigated with tri-n-propylamine (TPA) as the coreactant.

Ag@BSA core/shell microspheres as an electrochemical interface for sensitive detection of urinary retinal-binding protein.

The level of urinary retinol-binding protein (RBP) can be estimated as a significant index of renal tubular injury. In this work, we used Ag@BSA microspheres as a sensing interface to cross-link RBP monoclonal antibody (RBP mAb) via glutaraldehyde for sensitive detection of RBP. The Ag@BSA microspheres covered on a Au electrode could provide a larger surface area and multifunctional substrate for the effective immobilization of RBP mAb, and the outside BSA layer acted as a biocompatible support to maintain the bioactivity and stability of immobilized immunogen.

Bio-mimetically synthesized Ag@BSA microspheres as a novel electrochemical biosensing interface for sensitive detection of tumor cells.

The use of a novel cytosensor, comprised of bio-mimetically synthesized Ag@BSA composite microspheres, for the detection of KB cells (a model system) is described. The Ag@BSA composite microspheres were immobilized on Au electrodes via Au-thiol bonds. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed that the Ag@BSA were well-dispersed microspheres with an average diameter of 500 nm, including the monolayer of BSA.