Association between grip strength, walking pace and incident peripheral artery disease: A prospective study of 430,886 UK biobank participants.

Background And Aims: Patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) presented overall muscle weakness and reduced physical performance. Previous study focused on the impact of muscle weakness on outcomes of established PAD, however the relationship between compromised muscle function and incident PAD remained unclear.

Methods: A prospective study involving 430,886 participants aged 40-69 y from UK biobank was conducted.

CYLD induces high oxidative stress and DNA damage through class I HDACs to promote radiosensitivity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Abnormal expression of Cylindromatosis (CYLD), a tumor suppressor molecule, plays an important role in tumor development and treatment. In this work, we found that CYLD binds to class I histone deacetylases (HDAC1 and HDAC2) through its N-terminal domain and inhibits HDAC1 activity. RNA sequencing showed that CYLD-HDAC axis regulates cellular antioxidant response via Nrf2 and its target genes.

ScaffoldGVAE: scaffold generation and hopping of drug molecules via a variational autoencoder based on multi-view graph neural networks.

In recent years, drug design has been revolutionized by the application of deep learning techniques, and molecule generation is a crucial aspect of this transformation. However, most of the current deep learning approaches do not explicitly consider and apply scaffold hopping strategy when performing molecular generation. In this work, we propose ScaffoldGVAE, a variational autoencoder based on multi-view graph neural networks, for scaffold generation and scaffold hopping of drug molecules.

Clinical Evaluation of Cystic Renal Masses With Bosniak Classification by Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound and Contrast-Enhanced Computer Tomography.

Objectives: The study aims to compare retrospectively three clinically applied methods for the diagnostic performance of cystic renal masses (CRMs) by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and contrast-enhanced computer tomography (CECT) with Bosniak classification system.

Methods: A total of 52 cases of Bosniak II-IV CRMs in 49 consecutive patients were diagnosed from January 2013 to July 2022 and their data were analyzed. All patients had been subjected to CEUS and CECT simultaneously.

LS-MolGen: Ligand-and-Structure Dual-Driven Deep Reinforcement Learning for Target-Specific Molecular Generation Improves Binding Affinity and Novelty.

Deep learning-based molecular generative models have garnered considerable interest in the field of de novo drug design. However, most extant models focus on either ligand-based or structure-based strategies, thereby failing to effectively harness the combined knowledge derived from both ligands and the structure of the binding target. In this article, we introduce LS-MolGen, a novel ligand and structure-integrated molecular generative model.

Sestrin2 provides cerebral protection through activation of Nrf2 signaling in microglia following subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a neurological emergency characterized by dysfunctional inflammatory response. However, no effective therapeutic options have been reported so far. Microglia polarization has been proposed to exert an essential role in modulating inflammatory response after SAH.

Conduction Mechanism in Graphene Oxide Membranes with Varied Water Content: From Proton Hopping Dominant to Ion Diffusion Dominant.

Proton conductors, particularly hydrated solid membranes, have various applications in sensors, fuel cells, and cellular biological systems. Unraveling the intrinsic proton transfer mechanism is critical for establishing the foundation of proton conduction. Two scenarios on electrical conduction, the Grotthuss and the vehicle mechanisms, have been reported by experiments and simulations.

Exploring the pathological relationships between adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma and contiguous structures with tumor origin.

Purpose: Identifying relationships between craniopharyngiomas (CPs) and contiguous structures, and tumor origin are crucial for treatments. This study attempted to explore the relationships and tumor origin.

Methods: CPs that underwent endoscopic surgeries were enrolled.

The ω scaling of the vibrational density of states in quasi-2D nanoconfined solids.

The vibrational properties of crystalline bulk materials are well described by Debye theory, which successfully predicts the quadratic ω low-frequency scaling of the vibrational density of states. However, the analogous framework for nanoconfined materials with fewer degrees of freedom has been far less well explored. Using inelastic neutron scattering, we characterize the vibrational density of states of amorphous ice confined inside graphene oxide membranes and we observe a crossover from the Debye ω scaling to an anomalous ω behaviour upon reducing the confinement size L.

Universal dynamical onset in water at distinct material interfaces.

Interfacial water remains liquid and mobile much below 0 °C, imparting flexibility to the encapsulated materials to ensure their diverse functions at subzero temperatures. However, a united picture that can describe the dynamical differences of interfacial water on different materials and its role in imparting system-specific flexibility to distinct materials is lacking. By combining neutron spectroscopy and isotope labeling, we explored the dynamics of water and the underlying substrates independently below 0 °C across a broad range of materials.

MicroRNA-25 promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion in glioma by directly targeting cell adhesion molecule 2.

Numerous microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) have been demonstrated to serve oncogenic or suppressive roles in glioma. Exploration of the underlying molecular mechanism of miRNAs in the development and progression of glioma is beneficial for the identification of novel therapeutic targets. In the present study, the function of miR-25 in glioma progression, as well as its underlying mechanism, were investigated.

Amorphous Redox-Rich Polysulfides for Mg Cathodes.

The lack of appropriate cathodes is restraining the advances of Mg batteries. Crystalline cathode materials suffer from sluggish reaction kinetics and low-capacity delivery. The finite type of crystalline structure further confines the rational design of cathode materials.

Amorphous anion-rich titanium polysulfides for aluminum-ion batteries.

The strong electrostatic interaction between Al and close-packed crystalline structures, and the single-electron transfer ability of traditional cationic redox cathodes, pose challenged for the development of high-performance rechargeable aluminum batteries. Here, to break the confinement of fixed lattice spacing on the diffusion and storage of Al-ion, we developed a previously unexplored family of amorphous anion-rich titanium polysulfides (a-TiS , = 2, 3, and 4) (AATPs) with a high concentration of defects and a large number of anionic redox centers. The AATP cathodes, especially a-TiS, achieved a high reversible capacity of 206 mAh/g with a long duration of 1000 cycles.

MMP12 is a potential therapeutic target for Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma: Conclusions from bioinformatics analysis and experiments.

Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) is considered a benign intracranial tumor, but it can also exhibit aggressive characteristics. Due to its unique location in the suprasellar, which brings it close to important nerves and vascular structures, ACP can often lead to significant neuroendocrine diseases. The current treatments primarily include surgical intervention, radiation therapy or a combination of the two, but these can lead to serious complications and adversely affect the quality of life of patients.

miR-25-3p promotes glioma cell proliferation and migration by targeting FBXW7 and DKK3.

MicroRNAs (miRs) serve important roles in glioma. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of miR-25 in glioma progression remains largely unknown; therefore, it was investigated in the present study. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that miR-25 expression levels were markedly increased in human glioma tissue and glioma cell lines compared with normal brain tissues and normal human astrocytes, respectively.

Direct Experimental Characterization of Contributions from Self-Motion of Hydrogen and from Interatomic Motion of Heavy Atoms to Protein Anharmonicity.

One fundamental challenge in biophysics is to understand the connection between protein dynamics and its function. Part of the difficulty arises from the fact that proteins often present local atomic motions and collective dynamics on the same time scales, and challenge the experimental identification and quantification of different dynamic modes. Here, by taking lyophilized proteins as the example, we combined deuteration technique and neutron scattering to separate and characterize the self-motion of hydrogen and the collective interatomic motion of heavy atoms (C, O, N) in proteins on the pico-to-nanosecond time scales.