ML385, an Nrf2 Inhibitor, Synergically Enhanced Celastrol Triggered Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Lung Cancer Cells.

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death. Celastrol is a natural product that has shown anticancer activity but has not yet been applied in clinical settings due to its narrow therapeutic window. In this study, we discovered that celastrol stimulates an abnormal rise in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in lung cancer cells and that the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) could counteract the cell death caused by celastrol.

Antidepressants account for the causal effect of major depressive disorder on type 2 diabetes.

Background: Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) face an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the contribution of the disease itself versus the side effects of antidepressants to this increased risk remains unclear.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the overall and independent effects of MDD and exposure to antidepressants on T2D risk.

Electronic communications between active sites on individual metallic nanoparticles in catalysis.

Catalytic activity of metal particles is reported to originate from the appearance of nonmetallic states, but conductive metallic particles, as an electron reservoir, should render electron delivery between reactants more favorably so as to have higher activity. We present that metallic rhodium particle catalysts are highly active in the low-temperature oxidation of carbon monoxide, whereas nonmetallic rhodium clusters or monoatoms on alumina remain catalytically inert. Experimental and theoretical results evidence the presence of electronic communications in between vertex atom active sites of individual metallic particles in the reaction.

Single-cell RNA transcriptomic analyses of tumor microenvironment of ovarian metastasis in gastric cancer.

Purpose: Ovarian metastasis of gastric cancer (GC), commonly referred to as Krukenberg tumors, leads to a poor prognosis. However, the cause of metastasis remains unknown. Here, we present an integrated single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) analysis of the immunological microenvironment of two paired clinical specimens with ovarian metastasis of GC.

TRIM24 Cooperates with Ras Mutation to Drive Glioma Progression through snoRNA Recruitment of PHAX and DNA-PKcs.

The factors driving glioma progression remain poorly understood. Here, the epigenetic regulator TRIM24 is identified as a driver of glioma progression, where TRIM24 overexpression promotes HRas anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) progression into epithelioid GBM (Ep-GBM)-like tumors. Co-transfection of TRIM24 with HRas also induces Ep-GBM-like transformation of human neural stem cells (hNSCs) with tumor protein p53 gene (TP53) knockdown.

Predictive significance of glycolysis-associated lncRNA profiles in colorectal cancer progression.

Background: The Warburg effect is a hallmark characteristic of colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite extensive research, the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in influencing the Warburg effect remains incompletely understood. Our study aims to identify lncRNAs that may modulate the Warburg effect by functioning as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs).

A two-step method of cyclolinopeptide (linusorb) preparation from flaxseed cake via dry-screening.

Linusorbs (LO), cyclolinopeptides, are a group of cyclic hydrophobic peptides and considered a valuable by-product of flaxseed oil due to numerous health benefits. Currently applied acetone or methanol extraction could contaminate the feedstocks for further food-grade application. Using flaxseed cake as feedstock, this study established a practical method for preparing LO from pressed cake.

Synergistic targeting of TrxR1 and ATM/AKT pathway in human colon cancer cells.

Thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) has emerged as a promising target for cancer therapy. In our previous research, we discovered several new TrxR1 inhibitors and found that they all have excellent anti-tumor activity. At the same time, we found these TrxR1 inhibitors all lead to an increase in AKT phosphorylation in cancer cells, but the detailed role of AKT phosphorylation in TrxR1 inhibitor-mediated cell death remains unclear.

Rolapitant treats lung cancer by targeting deubiquitinase OTUD3.

Background: Lung cancer is cancer with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world and poses a serious threat to human health. Therefore, discovering new treatments is urgently needed to improve lung cancer prognosis. Small molecule inhibitors targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome system have achieved great success, in which deubiquitinase inhibitors have broad clinical applications.

LINC00115 promotes chemoresistant breast cancer stem-like cell stemness and metastasis through SETDB1/PLK3/HIF1α signaling.

Background: Cancer stem-like cell is a key barrier for therapeutic resistance and metastasis in various cancers, including breast cancer, yet the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. Through a genome-wide lncRNA expression profiling, we identified that LINC00115 is robustly upregulated in chemoresistant breast cancer stem-like cells (BCSCs).

Methods: LncRNA microarray assay was performed to document abundance changes of lncRNAs in paclitaxel (PTX)-resistant MDA-MB-231 BCSC (ALDH) and non-BCSC (ALDH).

Combination of TrxR1 inhibitor and lenvatinib triggers ROS-dependent cell death in human lung cancer cells.

Lung cancer is one of the most lethal diseases in the world. Although there has been significant progress in the treatment of lung cancer, there is still a lack of effective strategies for advanced cases. Lenvatinib, a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has achieved much attention due to its antitumor properties.

Dynamic-group-aware networks for multi-agent trajectory prediction with relational reasoning.

Demystifying the interactions among multiple agents from their past trajectories is fundamental to precise and interpretable trajectory prediction. However, previous works mainly consider static, pairwise interactions with limited relational reasoning. To more comprehensively model interactions and reason relations, we propose DynGroupNet, a dynamic-group-aware network, which (i) models time-varying interactions in highly dynamic scenes; (ii) captures both pairwise and group-wise interactions; and (iii) reasons both interaction strength and category without direct supervision.

Combination therapy with HSP90 inhibitors and piperlongumine promotes ROS-mediated ER stress in colon cancer cells.

Colon cancer is a major cause of cancer-related death. Despite recent improvements in the treatment of colon cancer, new strategies to improve the overall survival of patients are urgently needed. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is widely recognized as a promising target for treating various cancers, including colon cancer.

Targeting TRIM24 promotes neuroblastoma differentiation and decreases tumorigenicity via LSD1/CoREST complex.

Purpose: High-risk neuroblastoma (NB) still has an unfavorable prognosis and inducing NB differentiation is a potential strategy in clinical treatment, yet underlying mechanisms are still elusive. Here we identify TRIM24 as an important regulator of NB differentiation.

Methods: Multiple datasets and clinical specimens were analyzed to define the role of TRIM24 in NB.

Collaborative Uncertainty Benefits Multi-Agent Multi-Modal Trajectory Forecasting.

In multi-modal multi-agent trajectory forecasting, two major challenges have not been fully tackled: 1) how to measure the uncertainty brought by the interaction module that causes correlations among the predicted trajectories of multiple agents; 2) how to rank the multiple predictions and select the optimal predicted trajectory. In order to handle the aforementioned challenges, this work first proposes a novel concept, collaborative uncertainty (CU), which models the uncertainty resulting from interaction modules. Then we build a general CU-aware regression framework with an original permutation-equivariant uncertainty estimator to do both tasks of regression and uncertainty estimation.

Tailored Dynamic Viscoelasticity of Polyurethanes Based on Different Diols.

The development of damping and tire materials has led to a growing need to customize the dynamic viscoelasticity of polymers. In the case of polyurethane (PU), which possesses a designable molecular structure, the desired dynamic viscoelasticity can be achieved by carefully selecting flexible soft segments and employing chain extenders with diverse chemical structures. This process involves fine-tuning the molecular structure and optimizing the degree of micro-phase separation.

Ozone micro-bubble aeration using the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane with superior oxidation performance for 2, 4-D elimination.

Micro-bubble aeration is an efficient way to promote ozonation performance, but the technology is challenged by extensive energy cost. Here, a ceramic ultrafiltration membrane was used to achieve ozone micro-bubble (0-80 µm) aeration in a simple way at gaseous pressures of 0.14-0.

Simultaneous passivation on both A and X sites of halogen perovskite with magnesium benzoate.

Surface modification engineering is a well-known effective passivation method for making efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, to our knowledge, little attention has been paid to simultaneously passivating the A and X sites of halogen perovskites. Herein, we introduced an organometallic salt (CHCOO)Mg (MgBEN) as a passivator, and as a result, the CHCOOMg passivates the A site and CHCOO the X site on the perovskite layer, significantly reducing the trap-state density and nonradiative recombination.

The Relationships of Creative Coping and College Students' Achievement Emotions and Academic Stress: The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital.

Creative coping is the use of creativity as a positive strategy when facing stress. The existing empirical investigation of creative coping is scarce, particularly in the field of educational psychology. The present study aims to explore the relationships of college students' creative coping and their achievement emotions and academic stress as well as the underlying mechanism.

A Three-Genes Signature Predicting Colorectal Cancer Relapse Reveals LEMD1 Promoting CRC Cells Migration by RhoA/ROCK1 Signaling Pathway.

Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients that experience early relapse consistently exhibit poor survival. However, no effective approach has been developed for the diagnosis and prognosis prediction of postoperative relapsed CRC.

Methods: Multiple datasets from the GEO database and TCGA database were utilized for bioinformatics analysis.

Aqueous extract of Paeoniae Radix Alba (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) ameliorates DSS-induced colitis in mice by tunning the intestinal physical barrier, immune responses, and microbiota.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic non-specific intestinal inflammatory disease, the pathogenesis of which is strongly associated with the compromised intestinal barrier. Paeoniae Radix Alba (PRA), the root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and an adaptogen used in Hozai, exhibiting appreciable anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity.

Glaucocalyxin B Attenuates Ovarian Cancer Cell Growth and Cisplatin Resistance In Vitro via Activating Oxidative Stress.

Ovarian cancer is one of the fatal gynecological cancers around the world. Cisplatin is the first-line chemotherapy drug for the clinical treatment of ovarian cancer. However, many patients with ovarian cancer are still suffering from resistance to cisplatin.

Corrigendum: Fatty Acid Metabolism-Related lncRNAs Are Potential Biomarkers for Predicting the Overall Survival of Patients With Colorectal Cancer.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.

VLX1570 regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of human lung cancer cells through modulating ER stress and the AKT pathway.

The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) possesses unique functions in tumorigenesis and has great potential for targeting tumours. The effectiveness of inhibitors targeting UPS in solid tumours remains to be studied. We screened a library of inhibitors targeting the ubiquitination system and found the highly potent, low-concentration inhibitor molecule VLX1570 that specifically killed lung cancer cells.

Fatty Acid Metabolism-Related lncRNAs Are Potential Biomarkers for Predicting the Overall Survival of Patients With Colorectal Cancer.

Abnormal metabolism, including abnormal fatty acid metabolism, is an emerging hallmark of cancer. The current study sought to investigate the potential prognostic value of fatty acid metabolism-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in colorectal cancer (CRC). To this end, we obtained the gene expression data and clinical data of patients with CRC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.