Early childhood adiposity, lifestyle and gut microbiome are linked to steatotic liver disease development in adolescents.

Background/objectives: To examine the relationship between early childhood adiposity, adolescent lifestyles, gut microbiota and steatotic liver disease (SLD) development in adolescents using data from a prospective, longitudinal cohort study.

Methods: We included 69 adolescents (14-17 years old) with SLD and 69 adolescents without SLD, matched for BMI-z scores, sex, and age, from the 13-year longitudinal cohort the "Growth and Obesity Cohort Study". Anthropometric data between the ages of 4 and 17 and lifestyle parameters (including diet and physical activity) at 14-17 years old were evaluated.

Impact of postpartum physical activity on maternal depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To examine the influence of postpartum exercise on maternal depression and anxiety.

Design: Systematic review with random effects meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Data Sources: Online databases up to 12 January 2024, reference lists, recommended studies and hand searches.

Age-related alterations in vortex veins on indocyanine green angiography.

To determine age-related alterations in vortex veins in healthy subjects. A total of 228 healthy subjects (aged 4 to 86 years) were recruited and divided into four groups (G1, <21 years; G2, 21-40 years; G3, 41-60 years; and G4, 61-86 years). The clinical characteristics of the participants were recorded, and parameters including the number of vortex vein roots (NVVR), the central vortex vein diameter (CVVD), the mean root area of the vortex vein (MRAVV), and the weighted mean of the thickest branch diameter (WMTBD) were obtained by marking the vortex veins on indocyanine green angiography (ICGA).

Forte: A suite of advanced multireference quantum chemistry methods.

Forte is an open-source library specialized in multireference electronic structure theories for molecular systems and the rapid prototyping of new methods. This paper gives an overview of the capabilities of Forte, its software architecture, and examples of applications enabled by the methods it implements.

Structure-based design of non-hypertrophic apelin receptor modulator.

Apelin is a key hormone in cardiovascular homeostasis that activates the apelin receptor (APLNR), which is regarded as a promising therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease. However, adverse effects through the β-arrestin pathway limit its pharmacological use. Here, we report cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of APLNR-G complexes bound to three agonists with divergent signaling profiles.

Mutagenesis of Odorant Receptor Coreceptor Reveals the Odorant-Detected Behavior of the Predator .

The successful mating of the hoverfly and the search for prey aphids are of great significance for biological control and are usually mediated by chemical cues. The odorant receptor co-receptor () genes play a crucial role in the process of insect odor perception. However, the function of in the mating and prey-seeking behaviors of the hoverfly remains relatively unexplored.

Snapshot of the cannabinoid receptor 1-arrestin complex unravels the biased signaling mechanism.

Cannabis activates the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), which elicits analgesic and emotion regulation benefits, along with adverse effects, via G and β-arrestin signaling pathways. However, the lack of understanding of the mechanism of β-arrestin-1 (βarr1) coupling and signaling bias has hindered drug development targeting CB1. Here, we present the high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of CB1-βarr1 complex bound to the synthetic cannabinoid MDMB-Fubinaca (FUB), revealing notable differences in the transducer pocket and ligand-binding site compared with the G protein complex.

Prognostic value and immune landscapes of immunogenic cell death-associated lncRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma.

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) has been demonstrated to activate T cells to kill tumor cells, which is closely related to tumor development, and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are also involved. However, it is not known whether ICD-related lncRNAs are associated with the development of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We downloaded ICD-related genes from GeneCards and the transcriptome statistics of LUAD patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and subsequently developed and verified a predictive model.

Membrane metalloendopeptidase (MME) is positively correlated with systemic lupus erythematosus and may inhibit the occurrence of breast cancer.

Background: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have a lower risk of breast cancer (BRCA) than the general population. In this study, we explored the underlying molecular mechanism that is dysregulated in both diseases.

Methods: Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was executed with the SLE and BRCA datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) website and identified the potential role of membrane metalloendopeptidase (MME) in both diseases.

Prognostic value and immune landscapes of immunogenic cell death-related lncRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Both immunogenic cell death (ICD) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are strongly associated with tumor development, but the mechanism of action of ICD-associated lncRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear.

Methods: We collected data from 365 HCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We formulated a prognostic signature of ICD-associated lncRNAs and a nomogram to predict prognosis.

Near-ultraviolet irradiation to stimulate unmodified polyether ether ketone to achieve stable and sustainable antibacterial activity.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the cytotoxicity and sustainable antibacterial activity of unmodified PEEK under specific wavelength light treatment (365 nm), and its antibacterial mechanism was also preliminarily discussed.

Methods: A near-ultraviolet source with a wavelength of 365 nm and a power of 5 W were selected. The irradiation time was 30 min, and the distance was 100 mm.

Construction and validation of a model based on immunogenic cell death-associated lncRNAs to predict prognosis and direct therapy for kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.

Background: Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is an important part of the antitumor effect, yet the role played by long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) remains unclear. We explored the value of ICD-related lncRNAs in tumor prognosis assessment in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) patients to provide a basis for answering the above questions.

Methods: Data on KIRC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, prognostic markers were identified, and their accuracy was verified.

The orexinergic system mediates the excitatory effects of caffeine on the arousal and sympathetic activity.

Objective: Caffeine is a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist with pro-arousal and pro-sympathetic nervous system excitatory effects, and these pharmacological effects fit well with the physiological functions of orexin. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the orexinergic nervous system in the pharmacological effects of caffeine.

Methods: An animal model of sleepiness caused by adenosine accumulation was established by sleep deprivation, and caffeine's effects on the spontaneous activity and sympathetic nervous system of the model animals were evaluated by using the open-field experiment and gastrointestinal peristaltic observation, respectively, and the intervention of orexin receptor antagonists on the pharmacological effects of caffeine was also observed.

Vortex vein engorgement and different shapes of venous drainage systems in polypoid choroidal vasculopathy vs. age‑related macular degeneration on indocyanine green angiography.

There are differences in vortex vein engorgement and appearance in polypoid choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and healthy eyes. The present study aimed to use indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) to find a simple, clinically meaningful method for evaluating the filling degree of vortex veins in various eye diseases. Participant clinical characteristics were recorded.

Current Research Trends, Hotspots, and Frontiers of Physical Activity during Pregnancy: A Bibliometric Analysis.

Purpose: Physical activity (PA) during pregnancy has been proven beneficial to pregnant women, with a significant effect on ameliorating many severe gestational complications. This work aimed to reveal current research trends, hotspots, and future frontiers in PA during pregnancy.

Methods: Software CiteSpace was used to perform a bibliometric analysis with 1415 publications in the Web of Science Core Collection.

Auto-Segmentation Ultrasound-Based Radiomics Technology to Stratify Patient With Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study.

Background: An increasing proportion of patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has been observed among incident hemodialysis patients in large cities, which is consistent with the continuous growth of diabetes in the past 20 years.

Purpose: In this multicenter retrospective study, we developed a deep learning (DL)-based automatic segmentation and radiomics technology to stratify patients with DKD and evaluate the possibility of clinical application across centers.

Materials And Methods: The research participants were enrolled retrospectively and separated into three parts: training, validation, and independent test datasets for further analysis.

Physical activity before and during pregnancy and maternal mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Objective: To examine the influence of physical activity before and during pregnancy on maternal mental health outcomes.

Methods: Ten electronic databases were searched up to May 11, 2021. Studies of all observational designs (except case studies and reviews) were included, which contained information on the relevant population (women before and or during pregnancy), exposures (objective or subjective measures of physical activity), comparator (low or no physical activity), and outcomes (diagnosis and symptom severity of depression or anxiety, quality of life scores, stress and emotions).

Leisure-Time Physical Activity before and during Pregnancy Is Associated with Improved Insulin Resistance in Late Pregnancy.

A total of 83 third trimester pregnant women were recruited to examine the role of pre-pregnancy versus late-pregnancy physical activity on maternal insulin resistance. Principal component analysis plots demonstrated a distinction between the high and low Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) groups. The variation was driven primarily by exercise prior to and during pregnancy.

Effects of prenatal artificial sweeteners consumption on birth outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To examine the influence of prenatal artificial sweetener (AS) consumption on birth outcomes.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Setting: Online databases (Medline, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, FSTA - the food resource database, and ClinicalTrials.

A Diversified Dietary Pattern Is Associated With a Balanced Gut Microbial Composition of Faecalibacterium and Escherichia/Shigella in Patients With Crohn's Disease in Remission.

Background And Aims: Crohn's disease [CD] is associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and function. The present controlled-intervention study investigated the relationship between patterns of dietary intake and baseline gut microbiota in CD patients in remission and examined the effects of a dietary intervention in patients consuming a non-diversified diet [NDD].

Methods: Forty outpatients with quiescent CD were recruited in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.