Extensive mutual influences of SMC complexes shape 3D genome folding.

Mammalian genomes are folded through the distinct actions of structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) complexes, which include the chromatin loop-extruding cohesin (extrusive cohesin), the sister chromatid cohesive cohesin and the mitotic chromosome-associated condensins. Although these complexes function at different stages of the cell cycle, they exist together on chromatin during the G2-to-M phase transition, when the genome structure undergoes substantial reorganization. Yet, how the different SMC complexes affect each other and how their interactions orchestrate the dynamic folding of the three-dimensional genome remain unclear.

A travelling-wave strategy for plant-fungal trade.

For nearly 450 million years, mycorrhizal fungi have constructed networks to collect and trade nutrient resources with plant roots. Owing to their dependence on host-derived carbon, these fungi face conflicting trade-offs in building networks that balance construction costs against geographical coverage and long-distance resource transport to and from roots. How they navigate these design challenges is unclear.

Latitudinal scaling of aggregation with abundance and coexistence in forests.

The search for simple principles that underlie the spatial structure and dynamics of plant communities is a long-standing challenge in ecology. In particular, the relationship between species coexistence and the spatial distribution of plants is challenging to resolve in species-rich communities. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of the spatial patterns of 720 tree species in 21 large forest plots and their consequences for species coexistence.

Clonal Candida auris and ESKAPE pathogens on the skin of residents of nursing homes.

Antimicrobial resistance is a public health threat associated with increased morbidity, mortality and financial burden in nursing homes and other healthcare settings. Residents of nursing homes are at increased risk of pathogen colonization and infection owing to antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and fungi. Nursing homes act as reservoirs, amplifiers and disseminators of antimicrobial resistance in healthcare networks and across geographical regions.

Berberine inhibits the tarO gene to impact MRSA cell wall synthesis.

Hospital and community-acquired infections caused by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have emerged as a significant public health challenge, highlighting the urgent need for novel antibiotics. In response, the antibacterial properties of natural products derived from traditional plants are being investigated as potential treatments for multidrug resistance. This study demonstrates the potent antibacterialimoact of Berberine (BBR), a compound derived from traditional Chinese medicine, against the community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) strain USA300 LAC.

The long noncoding RNA LUCAT1 regulates endometrial receptivity via the miR-495-3p/S100P axis.

Recently, interest in investigating the effects of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) on endometrial receptivity (ER) has increased within the field of assisted reproductive technology. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify and analyze the role of the lncRNA LUCAT1 and to elucidate its specific mechanism in regulating ER. Hub genes associated with ER are identified via Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) in two datasets downloaded from the GEO database.

Rhynchophylline alleviates cognitive deficits in multiple transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease via modulating neuropathology and gut microbiota.

Amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation, phosphorylated tau accumulation and neuroinflammation are considered as three hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Rhynchophylline (RN), the major alkaloid of a Chinese medicinal plant Uncaria rhynchophylla, has been shown to possess potent anti-AD effects. This study explored the effects of RN on Aβ pathology, tauopathy, and neuroinflammation using three AD mouse models, including TgCRND8, 3×Tg-AD, and 5×FAD, with RN treatment lasting for 4, 6, and 6 months, respectively, followed by behavioral tests and biological assays.

3D printing of micro-nano devices and their applications.

In recent years, the utilization of 3D printing technology in micro and nano device manufacturing has garnered significant attention. Advancements in 3D printing have enabled achieving sub-micron level precision. Unlike conventional micro-machining techniques, 3D printing offers versatility in material selection, such as polymers.

Structures of TGF-β with betaglycan and signaling receptors reveal mechanisms of complex assembly and signaling.

Betaglycan (BG) is a transmembrane co-receptor of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family of signaling ligands. It is essential for embryonic development, tissue homeostasis and fertility in adults. It functions by enabling binding of the three TGF-β isoforms to their signaling receptors and is additionally required for inhibin A (InhA) activity.

Assessing individual differences in grouping strategy in visual working memory.

Visual working memory is highly limited. Fortunately, we can use various strategies to improve performance. For example, we can make use of grouping cues, such as an illusory shape (Kanizsa figure), to optimize encoding and storage of information.

The involvement of auxin response factor OsARF7 in positively regulating root development by mediating the expression of OsCRL1 in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

The root is one of the most important organs that determines the final grain yield in rice. Auxin is essential for root development in plants. Rice auxin response factor7 (OsARF7), belonging to the ARF family, is a key regulator of root development.

Anion Adsorption at the Inner-Helmholtz Plane Directs Cathode Electrolyte Interphase Formation.

Constructing a stable cathode-electrolyte-interphase (CEI) on cathode surface constitutes the foundation of realizing high-voltage Li-ion batteries, yet its formation, a highly heterogeneous process involving irreversible reactions between electrolyte components and cathode materials, remains poorly understood. Herein, combining multiple in situ/operando interfacial characterization techniques, we establish the correlation between interfacial structure and interphasial chemistry, and reveal the key role played by adsorptive behavior of various electrolyte components in the inner-Helmholtz plane during CEI formation. Quartz crystal microbalance equipped with dissipation modification detects that difluorooxalatoborate (DFOB) anion preferentially adsorbed on LiCoO tends to expel carbonate solvents from the adsorption layer, thus suppressing their electrochemical decomposition at high voltages and leading to a more compact CEI derived from anions with limited contribution from organic ingredients.

What Causes Bilateral Pleural Effusion: A Case Report.

Background: Tuberculous pericarditis begins with fibrinous and hemorrhagic pericarditis, followed by pericardial effusion, then pericardial hypertrophy, which may turn into subacute or chronic stage, and partly develop into pericarditis. Early diagnosis and treatment have very important clinical significance.

Case Summary: We present a case of an 82-year-old man with a known history of hypertension who was admitted for pleural effusion.

Teaching the Technology: Evaluating a Video-Based PACS Curriculum for Radiology Residents.

Rationale And Objectives: Picture archiving and communication system (PACS) is integral to radiology, yet effective training to master PACS viewer tools remains challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a video-based curriculum on radiology residents' PACS confidence and technical proficiency.

Materials And Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary academic institution during 2022-2023, enrolling first-year (R1) and second-year (R2) radiology residents.

Enhancing Precursor Supply and Engineering Efflux Systems to Improve Abscisic Acid Production and Secretion in .

Abscisic acid is a sesquiterpene phytohormone with extensive applications in agriculture and human health. Currently, it is produced through fermentation of , a plant pathogenic filamentous fungus. The process requires morphology controls, which complicates production and strain optimization.

New-onset Bipolar Disorder in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Patients: A Multi-center, Propensity-score-matched Cohort Study.

Background/aim: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) may be linked to an elevated risk of bipolar disorder, though the precise mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated the likelihood of bipolar disorder in patients with HS.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed the electronic health records of 60,850 patients with HS and 60,850 matched controls from the TriNetX network, excluding those with a prior bipolar disorder diagnosis.

A Dosimetric Comparison of HyperArc Therapy Planning and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy Planning in Treating Patients With Glioblastoma Multiforme.

Background/aim: This study aimed at evaluating the potential benefit of automatic non-coplanar volumetric arc therapy (VMAT) (hyperarc, HA) technique in treating glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).

Patients And Methods: Twenty-seven patients with GBM who received coplanar VMAT (C-VMAT) were selected in this study. HA and non-coplanar VMAT (NC-VMAT) plans were generated with the same prescriptions and constraints.

Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA) as a Data Analysis Method Identifying Potential Hematological Parameters for Early Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer.

Background/aim: The present study explored the use of Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA) to analyze hematological parameters for distinguishing potential development and progression of cervical cancer. Specifically, we aimed to identify significant biomarkers capable of differentiating atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) from cervical cancer-negative and advanced conditions such as cervical adenocarcinoma.

Materials And Methods: Hematological and biochemical data were collected from patients and analyzed using data-mining algorithms available in WEKA.

Molecular Hydrogen as an Adjuvant Therapy in Severe Lupus Serositis With Heart Failure: A Case Report on Immune Modulation and Fatigue Reduction.

Background/aim: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by multi-organ inflammation and damage across multiple organs, typically managed with steroids and immunomodulators. However, prolonged use of these treatments is often associated with significant side effects, underscoring the need for adjunctive therapies that improve disease outcomes while minimizing adverse effects. Molecular hydrogen (H) has demonstrated potential as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.

Intraoperative Aberrometer Plus Image-guided System for Astigmatism Correction Compared to Standard Image-guided System for Significant Lens Opacity.

Background/aim: This study aimed to evaluate astigmatism after cataract surgery by comparing the use of an intraoperative aberrometer combined with an image-guided system (VLynk) an image-guided system alone (Verion) in patients with significant lens opacity.

Patients And Methods: The main outcomes included the corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), astigmatism, spherical equivalent (SE) status, and the predicting factors for reduced astigmatism in the two groups.

Results: In this study, 73 patients were enrolled in the study group (VLynk); 76 individuals constituted the control group (Verion).

Targeting pyroptosis reverses KIAA1199-mediated immunotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer.

Background: Despite advancements in treatment modalities, several patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unresponsive to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Pyroptosis, an inflammatory programmed cell death process, holds substantial promise for tumor immunotherapy. In this study, we explored the use of pyroptosis to overcome immunotherapy resistance in CRC.

Dietary Patterns and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) Systematic Literature Review.

Background: The 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) Third Expert Report, including studies up to 2015, determined 'limited-no conclusion' evidence on dietary patterns and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk due to insufficient data and varying pattern definitions.

Objective: This updated review synthesized literature on dietary patterns and CRC risk/mortality.

Methods: PubMed and Embase were searched through 31 March 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective cohort studies on adulthood dietary patterns.

Global, regional and national burden and trends of disease attributable to high body mass index in adolescents and young adults from 1990 to 2021.

Background: The burden of high high body mass index (BMI) in adolescent and young adults (AYA) is largely unknown. Therefore, we aim to assess this burden.

Methods: Data were extracted from GBD 2021.

SmGRAS5 acts as a positive regulator in GA-induced biosynthesis of tanshinones in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots.

GA is an important phytohormone that regulates root growth and secondary metabolism. GRAS family transcription factors (TFs) are the key regulators of GA signaling. Here, we found that SmGRAS5 was co-expressed in the root periderm with tanshinones in Salvia miltiorrhiza.