[Use of plasmapheresis-based extracorporeal hemocorrection in the treatment of endogenic uveitis and autoimmune eye diseases].

The paper gives the methods of plasmapheresis-based extracorporeal exposure to blood and its components to correct hemostatic disorders. Afferent methods, as well as quantum hemotherapy methods are outlined. The immunomodulating mechanism of their action, which favors a prompter elimination of inflammation, increases ocular functions, and reduces recurrences, is revealed.

[Organizational aspect of medical care rendered to children with abnormal refraction under the conditions of school education].

The main purpose of the case study was to investigate the efficiency of different-method treatment of children with abnormal refraction. One hundred and fifty children were examined and shared between 3 experimental and one control groups. Routine ophthalmic examination methods were made use of; they are: visometry, autorefractometry, ophthalmobiometry, determination of the scope of relative accommodation, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy; additional examinations, like rheoencephalography and consultation by neurologist, were also used.

[New clinical forms and diagnosis of ophthalmic chlamydiosis].

The paper deals with new clinical forms of ophthalmoclamidiosis involving lesions to the choroids, retina, optic nerve and cornea. Uveitis and scleritis were found in 73.5% and 26.

[Comparative analysis of the efficacy of some methods of conservative treatment of accomodation spasms and myopia in children].

A study was carried out of short- and long-term results in treatment of accommodation spasms and myopia of mild and moderate degrees in children with equipment having different operating mechanism. 171 patients aged 6-15 years were examined (30 persons made up a control group). Electrostimulation, laser stimulation and treatment on "Ambliokor" equipment were used.

[Clinical and immunological criteria for predicting the course of uveitis].

Clinical and immunological parameters are studied in 205 patients with uveites of different etiology in order to define the criteria permitting the prediction of uveitis course and relapses. The prognosis is unfavorable for autoimmune conditions, including peripheral, systemic, syndromal, tuberculous uveites and mixed infections. Clinical cure is unstable in diffuse inflammatory changes, persistent cellular infiltration of the vitreous body, formation of cyclic membranes in it, in cataract complications, and exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinitis.

[Method of prevention and treating the accommodation cramp and progressive myopia in children].

A new method for treating the accommodation cramp and progressive myopia in children consists in transferring the glance from a close TV screen to a far one. One of the tasks of this method is to turn a computer game from a factor deteriorating the accommodation into a factor improving it. The picture is automatically transferred from one TV to the other every 10 seconds.

[Results of therapy of children with amblyopia by scanning stimulating laser].

A new effective method for the treatment of amblyopia was used in 113 children: stimulation with ophthalmological SLSO-208A scanning laser by two methods differing by the transmission coefficient and scanning pattern. Good results were attained, the best when laser exposure was combined with traditional therapy for amblyopia and in the patients with the central fixation. The results were assessed by the main parameters of visual functions and the stability of the effect.

[Use of transconjunctival electroimpulse therapy in diseases of the optic nerve].

Seventy-one patients with optic nerve abnormalities of different origin were treated using transconjunctival electrostimulation of the eyeball with electrodes positioned in the ciliary body projection. A positive effect was attained, particularly manifest in the acute period of optic nerve diseases (neuritis, anterior ischemic neuropathy) and in involvement of the optic nerve in glaucoma patients. The results were assessed from the principal parameters of visual function, intraocular pressure, data of hydrodynamic and electrophysiological studies.

[Pseudodysfunction of oblique muscles].

The authors offer a hypothesis on the possibility of development of vertical components of deviation in concomitant eso- or exotropia as a result of specific functioning of horizontal muscles in subjects with oblique palpebral fissure. Such a vertical deviation clinically corresponds to dysfunction (imbalance) of oblique muscles in its symmetrical variant and is therefore termed by the authors "pseudodysfunction of oblique muscles". Differential diagnostic basis for differentiation between true and false dysfunction of oblique muscles in concomitant strabismus is formulated.

[The potential for the occurrence of sympathetic ophthalmia after chemical burns].

The authors describe in detail the possibility of sympathetic ophthalmia development after chemical burns. They emphasize that pathogenetically and etiologically based methods should be included in the treatment of sympathetic ophthalmia. Exchange plasmapheresis with laser irradiation of the blood and antilympholin may be referred to effective immunomodulators.

[Low-intensity helium-neon laser irradiation in multimodal treatment of corneal injuries].

He-Ne laser stimulation was used in multiple-modality treatment of 512 patients with various corneal conditions: 217 with perforating wounds, 75 with chemical and thermal burns, 48 with ulcers of various origins, and 162 with endothelial-epithelial dystrophy resulting from cataract extraction with implantation of the intraocular lens. A course of treatment consisted of 6 to 10 daily 3 min exposures at radiation power density of 50-100 micro W/cm2 on the cornea. The effect achieved by laser stimulation was significantly superior to that of routine methods of treatment used in the reference groups.

[Immuno-correcting therapy of sympathetic ophthalmia].

Exchange plasmapheresis was used in correction of the immune homeostasis in 5 patients with sympathetic ophthalmia. The inflammatory process ceased in all the cases. Exchange plasmapheresis resulted in improvement of the blood supply to ocular vessels, of intraocular vessel function, and of metabolic processes in the external layers of the retina.

[A crystallographic method of examining the lacrimal fluid in the diagnosis of various eye diseases].

The authors analyze the results of examinations of the lacrimal fluid by the crystallographic method in 123 patients with inflammatory, dystrophic, and tumor diseases of the eyes and orbit and in 20 healthy controls. The examinations have revealed essential changes in the lacrimal fluid crystallograms of normal subjects and patients with various ocular and orbital diseases, which fact recommends this method as one of the tools for the differential diagnosis of diseases of the organ of vision.

[Exchange plasmapheresis in combined treatment of severe uveitis].

Exchange plasmapheresis (EP) has been employed in multiple-modality therapy of 15 patients suffering from severe uveitis. The traditional therapy has yielded but a short-term effect and failed to stabilize the process in these patients. EP has resulted in improvement in all the patients: the injection has reduced, as well as the number of precipitates and oracities in the vitreous body; hemorrhages in the fundus oculi have resolved, and the vision acuity has considerably improved in 11 of the 15 patients; no cases of the deterioration of the vision acuity have been recorded.

[Radiation therapy of malignant eyelid tumors].

The authors presented the short- and long-term results of brachytherapy and combined radiotherapy in 348 patients with malignant eyelid neoplasms localized in the lower eyelid in 187 patients, in the upper eyelid in 99, in both eyelids in 4, in the inner angle of the eye in 39 and in the outer angle of the eye in 10 patients. A single focal dose was 1.5-2.