Regeneration of Antifog Performance of Laser-Induced Copper-Based Micro-Nano Structured Surfaces by Rapid Thermal Treatment.

In this investigation, the laser marker ablation technique was employed on Cu-coated glass to fabricate micro-nanostructured antifog glass. The resulting surfaces exhibited a quasi-periodic micron hillock-hollow structure with dispersed nanoparticles distributed throughout, which played a role in the antifog property and superhydrophilicity. However, airborne organic pollutant deposition degraded the superhydrophilicity of ablated glass surfaces and, therefore, their antifog performance, which cannot be circumvented.

The novel function of an orphan pheromone receptor reveals the sensory specializations of two potential distinct types of sex pheromones in noctuid moth.

Sex pheromones play crucial role in mating behavior of moths, involving intricate recognition mechanisms. While insect chemical biology has extensively studied type I pheromones, type II pheromones remain largely unexplored. This study focused on Helicoverpa armigera, a representative species of noctuid moth, aiming to reassess its sex pheromone composition.

A Degree-Dependent Polynomial-Based Reciprocally Convex Matrix Inequality and Its Application to Stability Analysis of Delayed Neural Networks.

In this article, several improved stability criteria for time-varying delayed neural networks (DNNs) are proposed. A degree-dependent polynomial-based reciprocally convex matrix inequality (RCMI) is proposed for obtaining less conservative stability criteria. Unlike previous RCMIs, the matrix inequality in this article produces a polynomial of any degree in the time-varying delay, which helps to reduce conservatism.

Effect of Sonication and Ceria Doping on Nanoparticles Fabricated by Laser Marker Ablation of Ti in Water.

By employing the laser marker fast ablation technique in water, combined with the innovative inclusion of sonication, we successfully developed Ti-based nanoparticles with improved characteristics. sonication increased the nanoparticle concentration in the colloid, reduced nanoparticle size, and also narrowed size distribution. Our findings also provide valuable insights into the influence of laser parameters, such as wavelength and fluence, on nanoparticle properties.

Stability Analysis of Discrete-Time Neural Networks With a Time-Varying Delay: Extended Free-Weighting Matrices Zero Equation Approach.

This research investigates the stability of discrete-time neural networks (DNNs) with a time-varying delay by using the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF) method. Recent researches acquired some less conservatism stability criteria for time-varying delayed systems via some augmented LKFs. However, the forward difference of such LKFs resulted in high-degree time-varying delay-dependent polynomials.

Mutual interactions between α-amylase and amyloglucosidase in the digestion of starch with distinct chain-length distributions at a fully gelatinized state.

Amyloglucosidase (AMG) and α-amylase (AMY) are both involved in starch digestion in human small intestine, whereas their mutual interactions with starch molecules of distinct structures are still unknown. In the current study, starches with different amylose contents (from waxy to high amylose content) were used to investigate the starch-enzyme interactions in the starch digestibility at a fully gelatinized state. The starch chain-length distributions (CLDs) before and after digestion were obtained by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), and the digestograms with a single or combined AMY and AMG were obtained.

The Combined Use of a Non-Invasive Skin-Stretching Device and the Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy Technique in the Treatment of Postoperative Diabetic Foot.

Objective: The present study explored the effectiveness of using a non-invasive skin-stretching device (NSSD) combined with negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) for the postoperative wound repair of diabetic foot (DF) gangrene.

Methods: The treatment group in this study involved 42 patients with Wagner grade 3-4 and undergone concomitant toe amputation or debridement, who were given NPWT combined with the use of a NSSD. The control group comprised 42 patients with similar trauma areas (±20%) that were matched at a ratio of 1:1.

[Relationship between CH4 and N2O emissions and related microorganism populations in paddy soils under different water management regimes].

Methanogens, methanotrophs, nitrifiers and denitrifiers are the important microorganisms in the production and consumption of CH4 and N2O in soil. In order to understand the microbial processes related to the two greenhouse gases in paddy soil, the four bacteria groups in phaeozem (Hailun) and burozem (Shenyang) were surveyed during rice growth season by using MPN counting technique. The CH4 and N2O emissions were measured with closed chamber method.

[Methane oxidation in soil profiles of broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest in Changbai Mountain].

Samples were collected from dark-brown forest soil in different depths in the virgin broad-leaved/Korean pine mixed forest in Changbai Mountain. Laboratory study on methane oxidation of forest soil revealed the vertical profiles of methane oxidation activity. The maximum methane oxidation occurred at the horizon 5-15 cm below the soil surface.

[Advances in the research on sources and sinks of CH4 and CH4 oxidation (uptake) in soil].

Methane (CH4) is one of the main greenhouse gases contributing greenhouse effect, and its potential greenhouse effect is 21 times of CO2. Therefore, to determine the sources and sinks of atmospheric CH4 and to assess and forecast their amounts become and important focus concerning the researches on global change and greenhouse effect. This paper summarized the researches on the sources and sinks of CH4, and amplified on the influential factors (e.

[Effect of Pinus sylvestriformis seedlings density on net photosynthetic rate under elevated CO2].

The effect of Pinus sylvestriformis seedlings density on net photosynthetic rate was studied under elevated CO2. Atmospheric CO2 concentration was controlled in OTC (Open Top Chamber). The results showed that elevated CO2 not only made net photosynthetic rates (NPRs) of two Pinus sylvestriformis seedlings densities increased, but also mitigated their intra-specific competition.

[Effect of elevated CO2 concentration on carbohydrate and nitrogen contents in seedlings foliage of three tree species in Changbai mountain].

The contents of sucrose, fructose, soluble total sugar, starch and total nitrogen were analyzed in seedlings of Pinus koraiensis, Pinus sylvestriformis and Fraxinus mandshurica grown for three growing seasons in open-top chambers in Changbai mountain under elevated CO2 (700, 500 mumol.mol-1) and ambient CO2 (350 mumol.mol-1) concentrations.

[Photosynthetic characteristics of three tree species seedlings in Changbai Mountain under different CO2 concentrations].

The photosynthetic characteristics of three-year-old seedlings of coniferous Pinus koraiensis and Pinus sylvestriformis and broadleaf Fraxinus mandshurica in open-top chambers in Changbai Mountain were studied. Seedlings were planted at four different conditions respectively:elevated CO2 concentration(700 and 500 mumol.mol-1) and ambient CO2 concentration (control chamber and in open field).