Deep learning enhanced quantum holography with undetected photons.

Unlabelled: Holography is an essential technique of generating three-dimensional images. Recently, quantum holography with undetected photons (QHUP) has emerged as a groundbreaking method capable of capturing complex amplitude images. Despite its potential, the practical application of QHUP has been limited by susceptibility to phase disturbances, low interference visibility, and limited spatial resolution.

Reinforcement learning-trained optimisers and Bayesian optimisation for online particle accelerator tuning.

Online tuning of particle accelerators is a complex optimisation problem that continues to require manual intervention by experienced human operators. Autonomous tuning is a rapidly expanding field of research, where learning-based methods like Bayesian optimisation (BO) hold great promise in improving plant performance and reducing tuning times. At the same time, reinforcement learning (RL) is a capable method of learning intelligent controllers, and recent work shows that RL can also be used to train domain-specialised optimisers in so-called reinforcement learning-trained optimisation (RLO).

Self-Assembled Interlayer Enables High-Performance Organic Photovoltaics with Power Conversion Efficiency Exceeding 20.

Interfacial layers (ILs) are prerequisites to form the selective charge transport for high-performance organic photovoltaics (OPVs) but mostly result in considerable parasitic absorption loss. Trimming the ILs down to a mono-molecular level via the self-assembled monolayer is an effective strategy to mitigate parasitic absorption loss. However, such a strategy suffers from inferior electrical contact with low surface coverage on rough surfaces and poor producibility.

What is cooking in your kitchen: seeing "invisible" with time-resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy.

Cooking oil is a critical component of human food and its main component, lipid, is influential to health, but assessing its authenticity and quality can be challenging due to its complex chemical composition. In this study, we introduce a novel application of time-resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (T-CARS) spectroscopy for detecting adulteration and understanding the mechanisms of lipid oxidation in various cooking oils. Our research surpasses the limitations of conventional spontaneous Raman spectroscopy, demonstrating that intra-molecular interactions from unsaturated bonds in triglycerides significantly influence vibrational dephasing time.

Quantum Induced Coherence Light Detection and Ranging.

Quantum illumination has been proposed and demonstrated to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in light detection and ranging (LiDAR). When relying on coincidence detection alone, such a quantum LiDAR is limited by the timing jitter of the detector and suffers from jamming noise. Inspired by the Zou-Wang-Mandel experiment, we design, construct, and validate a quantum induced coherence (QuIC) LiDAR which is inherently immune to ambient and jamming noises.

Improving the profile and reliability of cytoplasmic proteins from M. tuberculosis using biomimetic affinity chromatography coupled with LC-MS/MS analysis.

M. tuberculosis is the most successful intracellular pathogen and remains a major threat to human health. It is crucial to investigate the profile of cytoplasmic proteins from M.

Measuring Zak phase in room-temperature atoms.

Cold atoms provide a flexible platform for synthesizing and characterizing topological matter, where geometric phases play a central role. However, cold atoms are intrinsically prone to thermal noise, which can overwhelm the topological response and hamper promised applications. On the other hand, geometric phases also determine the energy spectra of particles subjected to a static force, based on the polarization relation between Wannier-Stark ladders and geometric Zak phases.

Enhanced Chemical Sensing with Multiorder Coherent Raman Scattering Spectroscopic Dephasing.

Molecular vibrational spectroscopy is widely used in various sensing and imaging applications, providing intrinsic information at the molecular level. Nonlinear optical interactions using ultrashort laser pulses facilitate the selective coherent excitation of molecular vibrational modes by focusing energy into specific molecular bonds, boosting the signal level for multiple orders of magnitude. The dephasing of such coherence, which is susceptible to the local molecular environment, however, is often neglected.

Targeting effect of berberine on type I fimbriae of Salmonella Typhimurium and its effective inhibition of biofilm.

As a primary cause of food contamination and human diseases, Salmonella Typhimurium can easily form a biofilm that is difficult to remove from food surfaces, and often causes significant invisible threats to food safety. Although berberine has been widely used as an anti-infective drug in traditional medicine, some basic principles underlying its mechanism, especially the interaction between berberine and type I fimbriae genes, has not been verified yet. In this study, two strains of major fimbrial gene mutants (ΔfimA and ΔfimH) were constructed to demonstrate the possible action of berberine on type I fimbriae genes.

Flagellar Motility Is Critical for Serovar Typhimurium Biofilm Development.

The food-borne pathogen serovar Typhimurium ( Typhimurium) causes self-limiting gastroenteritis in humans and is not easily eradicated because it often attaches to suitable surfaces to form biofilms that have high resistance to disinfectants and antimicrobials. To develop an alternative strategy for the treatment of biofilms, it is necessary to further explore the effects of flagellar motility on the development process of biofilms. Here, we constructed flagella mutants (Δ and Δ) to systematically study this process.