Comparisons of Various Anthropometric Indices for Incident Hypertension in Military Young Adults: The CHIEF Cohort Study.

Aim: The study aimed to compare the predictive capabilities of the traditional anthropometric indices with the novel anthropometric indices for incident hypertension.

Background: Some novel anthropometric indices, e.g.

Application of Directed Evolution and Machine Learning to Enhance the Diastereoselectivity of Ketoreductase for Dihydrotetrabenazine Synthesis.

Biocatalysis is an effective approach for producing chiral drug intermediates that are often difficult to synthesize using traditional chemical methods. A time-efficient strategy is required to accelerate the directed evolution process to achieve the desired enzyme function. In this research, we evaluated machine learning-assisted directed evolution as a potential approach for enzyme engineering, using a moderately diastereoselective ketoreductase library as a model system.

Asymmetric Synthesis of β-Hydroxyphosphonates via a Chemoenzymatic Cascade.

Chiral β-hydroxyphosphonates are essential building blocks for organophosphorus compounds. However, the asymmetric synthesis of these units remains a significant challenge. Herein, we describe a one-pot chemoenzymatic cascade process to access chiral β-hydroxyphosphonates, which combines photo-oxidative chemical reactions and bioreductions.

Does the guideline-based physical activity level for cardiovascular health also benefit periodontal health?

Abstract Background/purpose: It is unclear about whether the guideline-based physical activity (PA) level for cardiovascular health also benefits periodontal health. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the association between guideline-based PA levels and periodontitis in young adults.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which included 334 military participants, aged 18-44 years in Taiwan.

Obesity Phenotypes and Dental Calculus in Young Adults: CHIEF Oral Health Study.

Aim: The study aimed to examine the association of obesity phenotypes with dental calculus.

Background: Obesity has been recognized as a risk factor for kidney and gallbladder stones formation and periodontitis.

Objective: We have investigated the association between obesity, metabolic risk factors, and dental calculus, which is a sequela following periodontitis.

Quantitative multiphoton imaging of cell metabolism, stromal fibers, and keratinization enables label-free discrimination of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) features atypical clinical manifestations and a low 5-year survival rate (< 5% in many developing countries where most of the disease occurs). Precise ESCC detection and grading toward timely and effective intervention are therefore crucial. In this study, we propose a multidimensional, slicing-free, and label-free histopathological evaluation method based on multispectral multiphoton fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (MM-FLIM) for precise ESCC identification.

Programmable Synthesis of High-Entropy Nanoalloys for Efficient Ethanol Oxidation Reaction.

Controllable synthesis of nanoscale high-entropy alloys (HEAs) with specific morphologies and tunable compositions is crucial for exploring advanced catalysts. The present strategies either have great difficulties to tailor the morphology of nanoscale HEAs or suffer from narrow elemental distributions and insufficient generality. To overcome the limitations of these strategies, here we report a robust template-directed synthesis to programmatically fabricate nanoscale HEAs with controllable compositions and structures via independently controlling the morphology and composition of HEA.

Rapid and label-free histological imaging of unprocessed surgical tissues via dark-field reflectance ultraviolet microscopy.

Routine examination for intraoperative histopathologic assessment is lengthy and laborious. Here, we present the dark-field reflectance ultraviolet microscopy (DRUM) that enables label-free imaging of unprocessed and thick tissues with subcellular resolution and a high signal-to-background ratio. To the best of our knowledge, DRUM provides image results for pathological assessment with the shortest turnaround time (2-3 min in total from sample preparation to tissue imaging).

Ketoreductase Catalyzed (Dynamic) Kinetic Resolution for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals.

Biocatalyzed asymmetric reduction of ketones is an environmentally friendly approach and one of the most cost-effective routes for producing chiral alcohols. In comparison with the well-studied reduction of prochiral ketones to generate chiral alcohols with one chiral center, resolution of racemates by ketoreductases (KREDs) to produce chiral compounds with at least two chiral centers is also an important strategy in asymmetric synthesis. The development of protein engineering and the combination with chemo-catalysts further enhanced the application of KREDs in the efficient production of chiral alcohols with high stereoselectivity.

The Sandwich Technique with Body Flossing Wire to Revascularize Left Subclavian Artery in Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair.

Background: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the sandwich technique with the body flossing wire to revascularize the left subclavian artery (LSA) in thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR).

Methods: From April 2014 to April 2015, 20 consecutive patients with a variety of thoracic aortic pathologies who underwent LSA revascularization with the sandwich technique and body flossing wire during TEVAR were included. Outcomes including technical success, endoleaks, perioperative mortality and morbidity, and graft patency were analyzed.

Isolated intestinal transplantation for megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome: case report.

MMIHS is a rare congenital disease. It is characterized by distended urinary bladder, small colon and intestinal hypoperistalsis, or aperistalsis with normal morphology. There is no specific treatment for MMIHS, and most patients have to be maintained by TPN, which frequently causes TPN-related liver failure, loss of venous access, or catheter-related sepsis.