Class IIa HDAC Downregulation Contributes to Surgery-Induced Cognitive Impairment Through HMGB1-Mediated Inflammatory Response in the Hippocampi of Aged Mice.

Objective: Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) are a common complication in the elderly. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a class of enzymes that control the acetylation status of intracellular proteins. Thus, we explored whether HDACs trigger the release of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) through altering the acetylation status in the hippocampi of aged mice.

Surgery-induced downregulation of hippocampal sirtuin-1 contributes to cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting autophagy and activating apoptosis in aged mice.

Objectives: Elderly patients often suffer from cognitive dysfunction following surgery. However, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon still remain unclear. This study investigated the critical part of Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1)-mediated autophagy and apoptosis in surgery-induced cognitive impairment.

HMGB1 gene silencing inhibits neuroinflammation via down-regulation of NF-κB signaling in primary hippocampal neurons induced by Aβ.

High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is potentially triggered by Aβ oligomers and other sterile injuries, and is a non-histone DNA binding nuclear protein with roles in neural development and neurodegeneration, which contribute to memory impairment and chronic neuroinflammation in the brain. However, the exact molecular mechanisms of HMGB1 activation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) were previously unknown. The present study aimed to elucidate the effects of HMGB1 in Aβ-induced neuroinflammation in hippocampal neuron cultures.