Superior mainstream partial nitritation in an acidic membrane-aerated biofilm reactor.

Shortcut nitrogen removal holds significant economic appeal for mainstream wastewater treatment. Nevertheless, it is too difficult to achieve the stable suppression of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), and simultaneously maintain the activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). This study proposes to overcome this challenge by employing the novel acid-tolerant AOB, namely "Candidatus Nitrosoglobus", in a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR).

Bioreduction of chromate in a syngas-based membrane biofilm reactor.

This study leveraged synthesis gas (syngas), a renewable resource attainable through the gasification of biowaste, to achieve efficient chromate removal from water. To enhance syngas transfer efficiency, a membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) was employed. Long-term reactor operation showed a stable and high-level chromate removal efficiency > 95%, yielding harmless Cr(III) precipitates, as visualised by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis.

Biological bromate reduction coupled with in situ gas fermentation in H/CO-based membrane biofilm reactor.

Bromate, a carcinogenic contaminant generated in water disinfection, presents a pressing environmental concern. While biological bromate reduction is an effective remediation approach, its implementation often necessitates the addition of organics, incurring high operational costs. This study demonstrated the efficient biological bromate reduction using H/CO mixture as the feedstock.

Challenges of suppressing nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in membrane aerated biofilm reactors by low dissolved oxygen control.

Membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) and shortcut nitrogen removal are two types of solutions to reduce energy consumption in wastewater treatment, with the former improving the aeration efficiency and the latter reducing the oxygen demand. However, integrating these two solutions, i.e.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of Phrynocephalus forsythii using third-generation DNA sequencing and Hi-C analysis.

Phrynocephalus forsythii is a viviparous sand lizard that is endemic to the Tarim Basin with a broad altitudinal range of 872-3,100 m. Such variation in altitude and ecological variables can offer an opportunity to uncover genetic mechanisms of ectothermic adaptation to extreme environments at high- and low-altitude. Furthermore, the evolutionary relationship of karyotype with two different chromosome numbers (2n = 46 or 2n = 48) in the Chinese Phrynocephalus is unclear.

Camouflage versus running performance as strategies against predation in a lizard inhabiting different habitats.

Running speed and camouflage are associated with the foraging and anti-predator abilities of animals. The toad-headed lizard, , has evolved a darker dorsal color in melanistic habitats and maintained a lighter color in adjacent, non-melanistic habitats. We test the hypothesis that lizards have weaker running speed on well-matching backgrounds than on less matching backgrounds.