Ginsenoside Rg1 reduces cardiac inflammation against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting macrophage polarization.

Background: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury is the main cause of death worldwide and poses a significant threat to cardiac health. Ginsenoside Rg1 has been shown to have inhibitory effects on inflammatory activation, oxidative stress, and cardiac injury, suggesting that Rg1 may have therapeutic effects on MI/R injury. However, the mechanism remains to be further studied.

The emerging role of neutrophil extracellular traps in ulcerative colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by chronic non-recessive inflammation of the intestinal mucosa involving both innate and adaptive immune responses. Currently, new targeted therapies are urgently needed for UC, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are new therapeutic options. NETs are DNA-based networks released from neutrophils into the extracellular space after stimulation, in which a variety of granule proteins, proteolytic enzymes, antibacterial peptides, histones, and other network structures are embedded.

Rational Design of a Novel 6-Benzo[]chromen Series as Selective PI3Kα Inhibitors.

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is a frequently dysregulated pathway in human cancer, and PI3Kα is one of the most frequently mutated kinases in human cancer. A selective PI3Kα inhibitor may provide the opportunity to spare patients the side effects associated with broader inhibition of the class I PI3K family. Here, we describe our efforts to discover a novel series of selective PI3Kα inhibitors using structure-based drug design and molecular docking to inform the design of 6-benzo[]chromen inhibitors.

Changing epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in children and adolescents.

Background: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising worldwide, but epidemiological data on children and adolescents are lacking. Understanding the global burden of IBD among children and adolescents is essential for global standardization of methodology and treatment options.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study based on aggregated data.

Ferroptosis in ulcerative colitis: Potential mechanisms and promising therapeutic targets.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a complex immune-mediated chronic inflammatory bowel disease. It is mainly characterized by diffuse inflammation of the colonic and rectal mucosa with barrier function impairment. Identifying new biomarkers for the development of more effective UC therapies remains a pressing task for current research.

Qixian granule inhibits ferroptosis in vascular endothelial cells by modulating TRPML1 in the lysosome to prevent postmenopausal atherosclerosis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: QiXian Granule (QXG) is an integrated traditional Chinese medicine formula used to treat postmenopausal atherosclerotic (AS) cardiovascular diseases. The previous studies have found that QXG inhibited isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial remodeling. And its active ingredient, Icraiin, can inhibit ferroptosis by promoting oxidized low-density lipoprotein (xo-LDL)-induced vascular endothelial cell injury and autophagy in atherosclerotic mice.

Epidemiological study of pediatric rheumatic heart disease: An analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the most common acquired heart disease among children in developing countries. However, there is a lack of systematic studies on the epidemiology of pediatric RHD. This study aimed to report the burden of pediatric RHD at global, regional, and national levels between 1990 and 2019, which may provide some reference for policymakers.

Evolving trends and burden of iron deficiency among children, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019.

Objectives: We aimed to provide a timely, comprehensive, and reliable assessment of the burden of iron deficiency (ID) in children between 1990 and 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels to inform policymakers in developing locally appropriate health policies.

Methods: Data related to ID among children younger than 15 years old were analyzed by sex, age, year, socio-demographic index (SDI), and location according to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019). Age-standardized rates were used to compare the burden between different regions and countries.

Long-term trends in the burden of colorectal cancer in Europe over three decades: a joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort analysis.

Background: The burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Europe is at a high level, but the epidemiological features have not yet been systematically studied. This study aimed to provide a timely and reliable assessment of the burden and trends of CRC in Europe to provide a scientific basis for its prevention and treatment.

Methods: We analyzed data on CRC in 44 European countries between 1990 and 2019 from the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD) 2019.

Visual analysis of colorectal cancer and gut microbiota: A bibliometric analysis from 2002 to 2022.

A growing number of studies have shown that gut microbiota (GM) plays an essential role in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC). The current body of research exploring the relationship between CRC and GM is vast. Nevertheless, bibliometric studies in this area have not yet been reported.

Global, regional, and national burden of intestinal obstruction from 1990 to 2019: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: Intestinal obstruction (IO) is a common surgical acute abdominal condition that places a significant burden on modern health systems. Unfortunately, the global burden and trends of IO remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to comprehensively assess its long-term trends and epidemiological features, which will help policymakers to formulate appropriate health policies.

The application and mechanism of Chinese medicine in the upstream treatment of atrial fibrillation.

Upstream treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF, for short) is a new approach to the prevention and treatment of AF with non-antiarrhythmic drugs, which is essentially primary and secondary prevention of AF. The former refers to the prevention of AF by controlling risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, and heart failure before AF occurs, and the latter mainly refers to targeting ion channels, inflammation, oxidative stress, and other pathways to reduce or reverse atrial electrical and structural remodeling, reduction of AF load, and reduction of the chance of AF occurrence or progression. More and more studies have shown that many traditional Chinese medicines, active ingredients of Chinese medicines, and Chinese herbal formulas have definite effects on the upstream treatment of AF, but their mechanisms of action are different.

Icariin alleviates ferroptosis-related atherosclerosis by promoting autophagy in xo-LDL-induced vascular endothelial cell injury and atherosclerotic mice.

Vascular endothelial cells (VECs) are located between the blood plasma and the vascular tissue, and the ferroptosis (iron-dependent programmed cell death) of VECs can lead to a range of cardiovascular diseases. Icariin is the main active ingredient of Epimedium brevicornum Maxim., which can improve endothelial cell dysfunction.

Salvianolic Acid B Inhibits Ferroptosis and Apoptosis during Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Decreasing the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Degradation of GPX4 and the ROS-JNK/MAPK Pathways.

Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) is related to ferroptosis and apoptosis elicited by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this research, we investigated the protective effect of salvianolic acid B (SAB) as a natural antioxidant on ferroptosis and apoptosis in the MIRI process, and discussed the protective mechanism inhibiting ubiquitin-proteasome degradation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) apoptosis signal pathway. We observed that ferroptosis and apoptosis occurred in the MIRI rat model in vivo and the H9c2 cardiomyocyte hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) damage model in vitro.

Coronary heart disease and gut microbiota: A bibliometric and visual analysis from 2002 to 2022.

Background: Existing studies have indicated that gut microbiota is closely related to the occurrence and development of coronary heart disease(CHD). Gut microbiota and its metabolites may be important diagnostic markers for CHD in the future and are expected to become new targets for the prevention and treatment of CHD. However, the current studies exploring the link between CHD and gut microbiota are miscellaneous and poorly targeted, without bibliometric analysis available.