GINS2 promotes the progression of human HNSCC by altering RRM2 expression.

Introduction: GINS2 exerts a carcinogenic effect in multiple human malignancies, while it is still unclear that the potential roles and underlying mechanisms of GINS2 in HNSCC.

Methods: TCGA database was used to screen out genes with significant differences in expression in HNSCC. Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were used to measure the expression of GINS2 in HNSCC tissues and cells.

Hollow Cu2MoS4 nanoparticles loaded with immune checkpoint inhibitors reshape the tumor microenvironment to enhance immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a fatal disease that responds poorly to single-drug immunotherapy with PD-L1 (CD274) inhibitors. Here, we prepared mesoporous nanomaterials CuMoS (CMS)/PEG loaded with PD-L1 inhibitor BMS-1 and CXCR4 inhibitor Plerixafor to form the nanodrug CMS/PEG-B-P. In vitro experiments, CMS/PEG-B-P have a more substantial inhibitory effect on the expression of PD-L1 and CXCR4 as well as to promote the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells KPC and suppressed KPC cell proliferation were detected by flow cytometry, qPCR and Western blotting (WB).

RHOJ Induces Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition by IL-6/STAT3 to Promote Invasion and Metastasis in Gastric Cancer.

Recently, the molecular classification of gastric cancer (GC) promotes the advances of GC patients' precision therapy and prognosis prediction. According to the Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG), GC is classified as microsatellite instable (MSI) subtype GC, microsatellite stable/epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (MSS/EMT) subtype GC, MSS/TP53- subtype GC, and MSS/TP53+ subtype GC. Due to the easy metastasis of EMT-subtype GC, it has the worst prognosis, the highest recurrence rate, and the tendency to occur at a younger age.

The synergistic effects of PRDX5 and Nrf2 on lung cancer progression and drug resistance under oxidative stress in the zebrafish models.

Previous studies have shown that PRDX5 and Nrf2 are antioxidant proteins related to abnormal reactive oxidative species (ROS). PRDX5 and Nrf2 play a critical role in the progression of inflammations and tumors. The combination of PRDX5 and Nrf2 was examined by Co-immunoprecipitation, western blotting and Immunohistochemistry.

Novel considerations on EGFR-based therapy as a contributor to cancer cell death in NSCLC.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) represented by gefitinib and erlotinib are widely used in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, acquired resistance to EGFR-TKI treatment remains a clinical challenge. In recent years, emerging research investigated in EGFR-TKI-based combination therapy regimens, and remarkable achievements have been reported.

Clinical Prognostic Factors and Integrated Multi-Omics Studies Identify Potential Novel Therapeutic Targets for Pediatric Desmoid Tumor.

Background: Desmoid tumor (DT), also known as desmoid-type fibromatosis (DTF) or aggressive fibromatosis (AF) is a rare mesenchymal tumor affecting both children and adults. It is non-metastasis but infiltrative, growing with a high recurrence rate to even cause serious health problems. This study investigates the biology of desmoid tumors through integrated multi-omics studies.

Efficiently targeted therapy of glioblastoma xenograft via multifunctional biomimetic nanodrugs.

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a fatal malignant primary brain tumor in adults. The therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs is limited due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), poor drug targeting, and short biological half-lives. Multifunctional biomimetic nanodrugs have great potential to overcome these limitations of chemotherapeutic drugs.

PKCι Is a Promising Prognosis Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Pancreatic Cancer.

Background: As the highest prevalent pancreatic cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) ranks the 7th lethal malignancy worldwide. The late diagnosis, chemotherapeutic resistance, and high associated mortality make PDAC a dilemma facing the oncologists. Protein kinase C (PKC) enzymes have been shown to be important in different cancer progression.

RhoJ facilitates angiogenesis in glioblastoma via JNK/VEGFR2 mediated activation of PAK and ERK signaling pathways.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly vascularized malignant tumor that depends on new blood vessel formation. Small molecules targeting the angiogenic process may be an effective anti-GBM therapeutic strategy. We previously demonstrated that RhoJ promoted the progression and invasion of GBM.

Identification and Validation of CYBB, CD86, and C3AR1 as the Key Genes Related to Macrophage Infiltration of Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is rampant around the world. Most of the GC cases are detected in advanced stages with poor prognosis. The identification of marker genes for early diagnosis is of great significance.

Postoperative Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII): A Superior Prognostic Factor of Endometrial Cancer.

This study evaluates the preoperative and postoperative systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) capacity to predict the prognosis of patients with endometrial carcinoma after the operation and build a nomogram model to assist clinical practice. The retrospective study included 362 consecutive patients with surgically resected endometrial cancer between January 2010 and June 2015 at The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College. Blood routine was examined within 1 week before surgery to calculate SII, NLR, PLR, and MLR and 3 days after surgery to measure SII.

Unique Genomic Alterations of Cerebrospinal Fluid Cell-Free DNA Are Critical for Targeted Therapy of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With Leptomeningeal Metastasis.

We reported unique molecular features of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with leptomeningeal metastasis (LM), suggesting establishing CSF as a better liquid biopsy in clinical practices. We performed next-generation panel sequencing of primary tumor tissue, plasma, and CSF from 131 NSCLC patients with LM and observed high somatic copy number variations (CNV) in CSF of NSCLC patients with LM. The status of EGFR-activating mutations was highly concordant between CSF, plasma, and primary tumors.

The Synergistic Effects of Celastrol in combination with Tamoxifen on Apoptosis and Autophagy in MCF-7 Cells.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among females and is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. Several studies have demonstrated that combination treatments with natural products and tamoxifen can improve the sensitivity and cytotoxicity of oestrogen-positive breast cancer cells in response to tamoxifen. Celastrol, a triterpene from traditional Chinese medicine, has been proven to exert significant anticancer effects on various cancers.

Overexpression of RhoV Promotes the Progression and EGFR-TKI Resistance of Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Background: The Rho GTPase family with ~20 member genes play central roles in a wide variety of cellular processes and tumor cell migration and metastasis. Different Rho GTPase may play different roles in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: We comprehensively examined the expression of all Rho GTPase family member genes in a panel of lung adenocarcinoma patient's tumors and matched normal tissues.

Tumor-infiltrating plasma cells are the promising prognosis marker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: There is an urgent need to improve the clinical and basic research of esophageal cancer. The purpose of this study was to explore the prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating plasma cells (TIP) on overall survival (OS) of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: Three independent cohorts, which include 116 consecutive cases who received radical resection of ESCC in our institution (set to be discovery set), 179 cases from public GEO database (validation GEO set) and 95 cases from TCGA (validation TCGA set), with a total of 390 cases were retrospectively enrolled in this study.

Centromere protein F is identified as a novel therapeutic target by genomics profile and contributing to the progression of pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the most severe and serious deadliest cancer type worldwide. Centromeric proteins (CENPs) family are involved in centromere formation and kinetochore organization during mitosis and play an important role in cancers. Here, we analyzed all CENPs in a panel of PC tissues and non-tumor tissues by genomics profile.

Body mass index-associated molecular characteristics involved in tumor immune and metabolic pathways.

Background: Overweight or obesity has been evidenced as an important risk factor involved in the incidence, mortality, and therapy response of multiple malignancies. However, the differences between healthy and obesity tumor patients at the molecular and multi-omics levels remain unclear.

Methods: Our study performed a comprehensive and multidimensional analysis in fourteen tumor types of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and found body mass index (BMI)-related genes in multiple tumor types.

Rhoj Is a Novel Target for Progression and Invasion of Glioblastoma by Impairing Cytoskeleton Dynamics.

Rho GTPase family members were identified as critical regulators of cell morphology, actin cytoskeleton organization, cell movement, and cell cycle and also contributed to tumor progression, which have been implicated in various types of cancer metastasis and growth. Here, we firstly reported the dysregulation of Rhoj in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of Rhoj in GBM. We analyzed the expression of 21 Rho GTPases family members and validated the expression of Rhoj in GBM by immunohistochemistry.

MiR-122 exerts anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects on nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

To investigate the effects of microRNA-122 (miR-122) on the proliferation and apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) HONE-1 cells, and its correlation with the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway. Human NPC cell line (HONE-1) was transfected with miR-122 inhibitor (anti-miR-122 group), negative controls (vector control group) via lipofectamines, and HONE-1 cell lines undergoing no transfection were selected (non-transfection group). The expression of miR-122, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and expressions of PI3K/AKT pathway and downstream target proteins in the three groups were determined using fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), cell counting kit-8 (CCK8), immunofluorescence (IF) and Western blotting, respectively.

A retrospective dosimetry study of intensity-modulated radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: radiation-induced brainstem injury and dose-volume analysis.

Background: Radiation therapy is the standard radical treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) but also causes transient as well as long-term complications. Patients who develop severe radiation-induced brainstem injuries have a poor prognosis due to the lack of effective medical therapies. However, the relationship between brainstem injury and radiation volume dose is unknown.

MicroRNA-140 inhibits tumor progression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by targeting CXCR4.

Recent evidence has indicated that miRNAs play important roles in carcinogenesis. The identification of dysregulated miRNAs and the target genes they regulate might enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). microRNA-140 (miR-140) has been found to be down-regulated in cancer.

Phase II Trial of Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy Concurrent With Chemotherapy for Postoperative Node-Positive Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of intensity-modulated radiotherapy concurrent with weekly docetaxel in patients with node-positive esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after radical surgery. Between January 2011 and December 2013, a total of 46 eligible patients were enrolled. All patients received intensity-modulated radiotherapy concurrent with weekly docetaxel (20 mg/m2).

Heat shock protein 47 regulated by miR-29a to enhance glioma tumor growth and invasion.

Heat shock protein 47 (HSP47), also known as SERPINH1, is a product of CBP2 gene located at chromosome 11q13.5, a region frequently amplified in human cancers. HSP47 has been demonstrated to effect on limiting tumor invasion and motility.

Serum BMP-2 up-regulation as an indicator of poor survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Purpose: High levels of bone morphogenetic protein (BMPs) have been reported in patients with lung cancer. This study was conducted to assess correlations between serum BMP-2 levels and prognostic outcome in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Blood samples from 84 patients with advanced NSCLC and 42 healthy controls were analyzed and quantitated for serum BMP-2 levels before and after two cycles of chemotherapy using a commercially available ELISA kit.

SPOCK1 is a novel transforming growth factor-β target gene that regulates lung cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death worldwide and the prognosis is still poor with 5-year survival of approximately 15%. Metastasis is the leading cause of death by cancer. Recent researches have demonstrated that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a key role in the early process of metastasis of cancer cells.