Senescence Reprogramming by MTHFD2 Deficiency Facilitates Tumor Progression.

Age is a critical risk factor for cancer, as its incidence and mortality increase with age. However, there is limited understanding of the molecular changes aging induces in tumors. We explored demographic differences between young and old cancer patients and identified age sixty and above as pivotal in cancer prognosis.

O-O Radical Coupling in Ultrathin Reconstructed CoSe Nanosheets for Effective Oxygen Evolution and Zinc-Air Batteries.

Designing ultrathin transition metal electrocatalysts with optimal surface chemistry state is crucial for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, the structure-dependent electrochemical performance and the underlying catalytic mechanisms are still not clearly distinguished. Herein, we synthesize ultrathin CoSe nanosheets (NSs) with subnanometer thickness by incorporating catalytically inactive selenium (Se) into ultrathin Co(OH), thereby switching the OER reaction pathway from adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM) to oxide path mechanism (OPM).

The association between ferroptosis-related patterns and tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer.

Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death (RCD), exhibits distinct characteristics such as iron-dependence and lipid peroxidation accumulation (ROS), setting it apart from other types of cell death like apoptosis and necrosis. Its role in cancer biology is increasingly recognized, particularly its potential interaction with tumor microenvironment (TME) and CD8 T cells in cancer immunotherapy. However, the impact of ferroptosis on TME cell infiltration remains unclear.

Platinum-Tellurium Heterojunction Nanosheet Assemblies for Efficient Direct Formic Acid Electrooxidation Catalysis.

Two-dimensional (2D) heterojunction nanomaterials offer exceptional physicochemical and catalytic properties, thanks to their special spatial electronic structure. However, synthesizing morphologically uniform 2D platinum (Pt)-based metallic nanomaterials with diverse crystalline phases remains a formidable challenge. In this study, we have achieved the successful synthesis of advanced 2D platinum-tellurium heterojunction nanosheet assemblies (Pt-PtTe HJNSAs, = 0, 1, 2), seamlessly integrating both trigonal PtTe (-PtTe) and cubic Pt (-Pt) phases.

Comprehensive analysis of PSME3: from pan-cancer analysis to experimental validation.

PSME3 plays a significant role in tumor progression. However, the prognostic value of PSME3 in pan-cancer and its involvement in tumor immunity remain unclear. We conducted a comprehensive study utilizing extensive RNA sequencing data from the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) and GTEx (Genotype-Tissue Expression) databases.

IL4I1 in M2-like macrophage promotes glioma progression and is a promising target for immunotherapy.

Background: Glioma is the prevailing malignant intracranial tumor, characterized by an abundance of macrophages. Specifically, the infiltrating macrophages often display the M2 subtype and are known as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). They have a critical role in promoting the oncogenic properties of tumor cells.

Comprehensive analysis of disulfidptosis-related lncRNA features for prognosis and immune landscape prediction in colorectal cancer.

Disulfidptosis is a novel mechanism underlying actin-cytoskeleton-associated cell death, but its function in colorectal cancer (CRC) is still elusive. In this study, we investigated the potential role of Disulfidptosis-Related Long Non-Coding RNAs (DRLs) as prognostic indicators in CRC. Through transcriptome data from TCGA CRC cases, we identified 44 prognosis-correlated DRLs by Univariate Cox Regression Analysis and observed a differential expression pattern of these DRLs between CRC and normal tissues.

Characterization and verification of CD81 as a potential target in lung squamous cell carcinoma.

CD81 is a cell surface transmembrane protein of the tetraspanin family, which critically regulates signal transduction and immune response. Growing evidence has shown that CD81 plays important roles in tumorigenesis and influences immunotherapy response. Here, combining bio-informatics and functional analysis, we find that CD81 is a risk factor in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), whereas a protective factor in lung adenocarcinoma.

Highly Selective Synthesis of Monoclinic-Phased Platinum-Tellurium Nanotrepang for Direct Formic Acid Oxidation Catalysis.

Designing efficient formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR) catalysts with remarkable membrane electrode assembly (MEA) performance in a direct formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC) medium is significant yet challenging. Herein, we report that the monoclinic-phased platinum-tellurium nanotrepang (-PtTe NT) can be adopted as a highly active, selective, and stable FAOR catalyst with a desirable direct reaction pathway. The -PtTe NT exhibits the high specific and mass activities of 6.

Alkylamine-Confined Thickness-Tunable Synthesis of Co(OH)-CoO Nanosheets toward Oxygen Evolution Catalysis.

Thickness regulation of transition metal hydroxides/oxides nanosheets with superior catalytic properties represents a promising strategy to enhance catalytic performance, but it remains an enormous challenge to achieve precise control, especially when it comes to the ultrathin limit (several atomic layers). In this work, a facile strategy of alkylamine-confined growth is proposed for the synthesis of thickness-tunable metal hydroxide/oxide nanosheets. Specifically, ultrathin cobalt hydroxide and cobaltous oxide hybrid (Co(OH)-CoO) nanosheets (Co-O NSs) with a thickness in the range of 2-6 nm (5-13 atomic layers) are synthesized by using alkylamines with different carbon chain lengths as the ligand to modulate vertical coordination ability.

Amorphous InGaZnO Thin-Film Transistors with Double-Stacked Channel Layers for Ultraviolet Light Detection.

Amorphous InGaZnO thin film transistors (a-IGZO TFTs) with double-stacked channel layers (DSCL) were quite fit for ultraviolet (UV) light detection, where the best DSCL was prepared by the depositions of oxygen-rich (OR) IGZO followed by the oxygen-deficient (OD) IGZO films. We investigated the influences of oxygen partial pressure (P) for DSCL-TFTs on their sensing abilities by experiments as well as Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) simulations. With the increase in P values for the DSCL depositions, the sensing parameters, including photogenerated current (I), sensitivity (S), responsivity (R), and detectivity (D*) of the corresponding TFTs, apparently degraded.

Editorial for the Special Issue on Recent Advances in Thin Film Electronic Devices.

Thin film electronic devices have been attracting more and more attention because of their applications in many industry fields, such as in flat panel displays (FPDs), energy devices, sensors, memories, and so on [...

Neisseria meningitidis Opca Protein/MnO Hybrid Nanoparticles for Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier to Treat Glioblastoma.

The major hurdle in glioblastoma therapy is the low efficacy of drugs crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Neisseria meningitidis is known to specifically enrich in the central nervous system through the guidance of an outer membrane invasion protein named Opca. Here, by loading a chemotherapeutic drug methotrexate (MTX) in hollow manganese dioxide (MnO ) nanoparticles with surface modification of the Opca protein of Neisseria meningitidis, a bionic nanotherapeutic system (MTX@MnO -Opca) is demonstrated to effectively overcome the BBB.

Atmosphere Effect in Post-Annealing Treatments for Amorphous InGaZnO Thin-Film Transistors with SiO Passivation Layers.

We investigated the electrical performance and positive bias stress (PBS) stability of the amorphous InGaZnO thin-film transistors (a-IGZO TFTs) with SiO passivation layers after the post-annealing treatments in different atmospheres (air, N, O and vacuum). Both the chamber atmospheres and the device passivation layers proved important for the post-annealing effects on a-IGZO TFTs. For the heat treatments in O or air, the larger threshold voltage (V) and off current (I), smaller field-effect mobility (μ), and slightly better PBS stability of a-IGZO TFTs were obtained.

Performance and multi-scale investigation on the phase miscibility of poly(lactic acid)/amided silica nanocomposites.

In this work, amino-functionalized nano-SiO (m@g-SiO) was synthesized through coupling reaction on the surface of nano-SiO. Moreover, the optimum preparation conditions of m@g-SiO were selected via orthogonal experiments as follows: reaction temperature of 80 °C, reaction time of 8 h, the mass ratio of stearic acid, N,N'‑carbonyldiimidazole, imidazole hydrochloride and g-SiO of 0.5:0.

Multifunctionalized Gold Sub-Nanometer Particles for Sensitizing Radiotherapy against Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma is the most common lethal malignant intracranial tumor with a low 5-year survival rate. Currently, the maximal safe surgical resection, followed by high-dose radiotherapy (RT), is a standard treatment for glioblastoma. However, high-dose radiation to the brain is associated with brain injury and results in a high fatality rate.

The enhanced efficacy of herpes simplex virus by lentivirus mediated VP22 and cytosine deaminase gene therapy against glioma.

Despite the comprehensive treatment of surgery following by concurrent radiochemotherapy, the prognosis of malignant glioma remains unsatisfactory with an awful median survival time of only 12-18 months. This might be improved by the development of oncolytic herpes simplex virus. However, the biggest challenge of recombinant herpes simplex virus (rHSV) lies in their limited therapeutic efficiency in clinical trials.

Assemblies of indocyanine green and chemotherapeutic drug to cure established tumors by synergistic chemo-photo therapy.

Indocyanine green (ICG), a safe and clinically approved near-infrared (NIR) dye, was recently explored as a potential photosensitizer due to its excellent photophysical properties. However, ICG tends to form aggregations in physiological solution, causing fluorescence quenching, fast blood clearance and thereby inefficient tumor accumulation. Herein, we report ICG-based nanodrug delivery systems formed by self-assembly of ICG and chemotherapeutic drugs without any excipients for combined chemo- and photo-therapy.

IGFBP5 increases cell invasion and inhibits cell proliferation by EMT and Akt signaling pathway in Glioblastoma multiforme cells.

Background: Recurrence of Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) seems to be the rule despite combination therapies. Cell invasion and cell proliferation are major reasons for recurrence of GBM. And insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) is the most conserved of the IGFBPs and is frequently dysregulated in cancers and metastatic tissues.

Self-assembly of oxidation-responsive polyethylene glycol-paclitaxel prodrug for cancer chemotherapy.

Amphiphilic drug conjugates can self-assemble into nanovehicles for cancer drug delivery, but the key is to design stable yet intracellular labile drug linkers for drug retention during blood circulation but fast intracellular drug release. The conjugation of paclitaxel (PTX) is generally via the ester of its 2'-hydroxyl group, but the ester is either too stable to release PTX in the cytosol or so labile that hydrolyzes during circulation. Herein, we report a p-(boronic ester)benzyl-based tumor-specifically cleavable linker for preparing PTX-conjugate with polyethylene glycol (PEG, Mw = 5000 Da) (PEG-B-PTX).

Tumor extravasation and infiltration as barriers of nanomedicine for high efficacy: The current status and transcytosis strategy.

Nanotechnology-based drug delivery platforms have been explored for cancer treatments and resulted in several nanomedicines in clinical uses and many in clinical trials. However, current nanomedicines have not met the expected clinical therapeutic efficacy. Thus, improving therapeutic efficacy is the foremost pressing task of nanomedicine research.

Electrical Performance and Bias-Stress Stability of Amorphous InGaZnO Thin-Film Transistors with Buried-Channel Layers.

To improve the electrical performance and bias-stress stability of amorphous InGaZnO thin-film transistors (a-IGZO TFTs), we fabricated and characterized buried-channel devices with multiple-stacked channel layers, i.e., a nitrogen-doped a-IGZO film (front-channel layer), a conventional a-IGZO film (buried-channel layer), and a nitrogen-doped a-IGZO film (back-channel layer).

PBK as a Potential Biomarker Associated with Prognosis of Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive intracranial tumors. Despite the comprehensive treatments, the median survival of GBM patients is still dismal. Consequently, it is critical to explore potential biomarkers and underlying molecular mechanisms of GBM.

Exteriorization of the distal catheter for ventriculoperitoneal shunt protruding through the peritoneal space: experience with 1 case.

Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting is the most widely used procedure for diverting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for hydrocephalus. Migration of the distal catheter of VP shunts has been reported but extrusion through the abdominal wall is rare. We report a case involving distal catheter extrusion.