Telomerase reverse transcriptase protects against diabetic kidney disease by promoting AMPK/PGC-1a-regulated mitochondrial energy homeostasis.

Disordered glucose and lipid metabolism, coupled with disturbed mitochondrial bioenergetics, are pivotal in the initiation and development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). While the essential role of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) in regulating mitochondrial function in the cardiovascular system has been recognized, its specific function in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis in DKD remains unclear. This study aimed to explore how TERT regulates mitochondrial function and the underlying mechanisms.

Dapagliflozin ameliorated retinal vascular permeability in diabetic retinopathy rats by suppressing inflammatory factors.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is a common microvascular complication of diabetes and one of the major causes of blindness in the working-age population. Emerging evidence has elucidated that inflammation drives the key mechanism of diabetes-mediated retinal disturbance. As a new therapeutic drug targeting diabetes, whether dapagliflozin could improve vascular permeability from the perspective of anti-inflammatory effect need to be further explored.

Effects of mulberry twig alkaloids(Sangzhi alkaloids) and metformin on blood glucose fluctuations in combination with premixed insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes.

Introduction: We aimed to evaluated the effect of premixed insulin (Ins), premixed insulin combined with metformin (Ins+Met) or mulberry twig alkaloids(Ins+SZ-A) on blood glucose fluctuations in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) using continuous glucose monitors (CGM).

Methods: Thirty patients with T2DM and poor blood glucose control using drugs were evaluated for eligibility during the screening period. Subsequently, their original hypoglycemic drugs were discontinued during the lead-in period, and after receiving Ins intensive treatment for 2 weeks, they were randomly assigned to receive either Ins, Ins+Met, or Ins+SZ-A treatment for the following 12 weeks.

Association between area under the C-peptide curve during an oral glucose tolerance test and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes patients.

Aims/introduction: To evaluate the relative contributions of the area under the C-peptide curve (AUC ) in diabetic retinopathy (DR) during an oral glucose tolerance test and C-peptide release test in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 969 patients. Their general characteristics were retrieved.

Sex Differences in the Association Between AST/ALT and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Japanese Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives/introduction: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the association between Aspartate Transaminase (AST)/Alanine transaminase(ALT) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients and to determine whether there were sex differences.

Methods: In the retrospective study, we collected data on NAFLD patients (1, 896 men and 465 women) at Murakami Memorial Hospital from 2004 to 2015. Data were stratified by sex to investigate the association between AST/ALT and T2DM incidence by sex.

Liraglutide intervention improves high-glucose-induced reactive gliosis of Müller cells and ECM dysregulation.

Reactive gliosis of Müller cells plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, has been shown to improve DR by inhibiting reactive gliosis. However, the mechanism of inhibition has yet to be elucidated.

Association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to apolipoprotein A ratio and diabetic retinopathy: A cross-sectional study.

Aims: Our study is aimed to investigate the relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to apolipoprotein A ratio (HDL-C/ApoA) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: We retrospect the consecutive medical files of 1058 subjects with T2DM and recorded their clinical information and laboratory findings. Subjects with T2DM were divided into DR group (n = 522) and non-DR group (n = 536).

Autophagy Modulates the Migration of Retinal Pericytes Induced by Advanced Glycation End Products.

Retinal pericyte migration occurs in the early stage of diabetic retinopathy (DR), which is one of the important causes of pericyte loss. Autophagy has been found to play essential roles in the regulation of many types of cell migration. In this study, we explored the relationship between autophagy and retinal pericyte migration.

Bicyclol Regulates Hepatic Gluconeogenesis in Rats with Type 2 Diabetes and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Inhibiting Inflammation.

Hepatic gluconeogenesis plays an important role in maintaining the body's glucose metabolism homeostasis. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver diseases, when combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), it can cause severe glucose metabolism disorders. Studies have confirmed that chronic liver inflammatory lesions are the basis of T2DM combined with NAFLD (T2DM-NAFLD), inhibiting liver inflammation can improve glucose metabolism disorders.

Neuroprotective Role of GLP-1 Analog for Retinal Ganglion Cells via PINK1/Parkin-Mediated Mitophagy in Diabetic Retinopathy.

GLP-1 analogs have been widely used to treat patients with type 2 diabetes in recent years and studies have found that GLP-1 analogs have multiple organ benefits. However, the role of GLP-1 analogs in diabetic retinopathy (DR), a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), remains controversial. Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the only afferent neurons responsible for transmitting visual information to the visual center and are vulnerable in the early stage of DR.