Intervention of CXCL5 attenuated neuroinflammation and promoted neurological recovery after traumatic brain injury.

Neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury (TBI) exhibits a strong correlation with neurological impairment, which is a crucial target for improving the prognosis of TBI patients. The involvement of CXCL5/CXCR2 signaling in the regulation of neuroinflammation in brain injury models has been documented. Therefore, the effects of CXCL5 on post-TBI neuroinflammation and its potential mechanisms need to be explored.

Spectroscopic Monitoring and Modeling Drug Dissolution for Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum.

The pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing industry has become the largest industrial sector for the employment of chemists, indicating a need for experiments with a pharmaceutical sciences context in the undergraduate chemistry curriculum. In the pharmaceutical industry, testing drug dissolution is a key analytical task for solid oral dosage forms that is performed in different phases of drug development to test the release behavior of new formulations, ensure consistency between manufacturing lots, and help predict the absorption of the drug substance after administration. However, there are a limited number of laboratory experiments in dissolution testing developed for the undergraduate chemistry curriculum.

Astrocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicular miR-143-3p Dampens Autophagic Degradation of Endothelial Adhesion Molecules and Promotes Neutrophil Transendothelial Migration after Acute Brain Injury.

Pivotal roles of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the pathogenesis of central nervous system (CNS) disorders including acute brain injury are increasingly acknowledged. Through the analysis of EVs packaged miRNAs in plasma samples from patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), it is discovered that the level of EVs packaged miR-143-3p (EVs-miR-143-3p) correlates closely with perihematomal edema and neurological outcomes. Further study reveals that, upon ICH, EVs-miR-143-3p is robustly secreted by astrocytes and can shuttle into brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs).

SLC1A5 enhances malignant phenotypes through modulating ferroptosis status and immune microenvironment in glioma.

Glioma is the most common type of primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system with limited treatment satisfaction. Finding new therapeutic targets has remained a major challenge. Ferroptosis is a novel and distinct type of programmed cell death, playing a regulatory role in the progression of tumors.

Subunit Vaccine ESAT-6:c-di-AMP Delivered by Intranasal Route Elicits Immune Responses and Protects Against Infection.

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by (Mtb) infection, remains the most common cause of death from a single infectious disease. More safe and effective vaccines are necessary for preventing the prevalence of TB. In this study, a subunit vaccine of ESAT-6 formulated with c-di-AMP (ESAT-6:c-di-AMP) promoted mucosal and systemic immune responses in spleen and lung.

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of 441 Two-Residue Peptides in Aqueous Solution: Conformational Preferences and Neighboring Residue Effects with the Amber ff99SB-ildn-NMR Force Field.

Understanding the intrinsic conformational preferences of amino acids and the extent to which they are modulated by neighboring residues is a key issue for developing predictive models of protein folding and stability. Here we present the results of 441 independent explicit-solvent MD simulations of all possible two-residue peptides that contain the 20 standard amino acids with histidine modeled in both its neutral and protonated states. (3)J(HNHα) coupling constants and δ(Hα) chemical shifts calculated from the MD simulations correlate quite well with recently published experimental measurements for a corresponding set of two-residue peptides.